Sequence, organization, and genes characteristics of ORFs identified in a metagenomic DNA fragment from microbial community of the deep brine environment of Atlantis II in the Red Sea.

Microbial communities that reside in different natural habitats, particularly those of extreme environments, constitute a rich source for novel industrial enzymes and bioactive compounds. Until the advent of metagenomics technique, extreme environments represented a locked area with huge genetic repertoire that remained unexplored. The Atlantis II brine pool of the Red Sea (ATII) is one of such unexplored extreme environment. The lower part of this pool, the lower convective layer (LCL), has a pH of 5.3, high temperature (68C), elevated concentration of toxic heavy metals, and extreme salinity (26% salt). To understand the metabolic and the physiological properties of proteins and enzymes that contribute to the survival of microorganisms in this extreme and hostile environment, the structure and characteristics of their genes should be determined. Metagenomics approach helped in this task through two different techniques: 1) mass sequencing of environmental DNA by high throughput sequencing technique such as pyrosequencing technique; 2) sequencing of environmental DNA fragments from metagenomic fosmid library. The advantage of the first approach is that it produces massive number of reads that can be assembled into long contigs. Its disadvantage is that the majority of the contigs are chimeric i.e. assembled from reads belong to genomes of different microbial species. The second technique has an advantage of establishing the sequence of a contiguous piece of genomic DNA of around 30 to 40 kb‚ that most probably is not a chimeric. The major disadvantages however are the high cost of the sequencing process, it involves elaborate steps, and it has a limited output of nucleotide sequences. In this work we sequenced a contiguous fragment of DNA from the microbial community of the ATII-LCL environment and presenting the structural and potential function of its annotated genes. Interestingly, out of the 39 identified ORFs, 10 ORFs (25%) have no matches in the database. The structure and the function of the potential annotated genes are presented and discussed. In addition, we were able to assembled 28.378 kb out of 33.819 kb of the insert in the recombinant fosmid. The unassembled 5.441 kb is most probably due to the detection of characteristic patterns of low complexity regions, simple repeats as well as gene duplication exists at the end of the assembled sequence

Complementary remineralizing effect of self-assembling peptide (P11-4) with CPP-ACPF or fluoride : an in vitro study

Self-assembling peptide has been recently introduced to promote hard tissue regeneration for treating early non-cavitated carious lesions. This study investigates the efficacy of biomimetic self-assembling peptide (P11-4) on enamel remineralization combined with CPP-ACPF or fluoride. Artificial enamel lesions were created on buccal surface of 60 specimens and were randomly assigned to six groups according to the remineralizing agent: G1-(Control, artificial saliva), G2-(Fluoride varnish), G3-(CPP-ACPF varnish), G4-(Self-assembling peptide), G5-(Self-assembling peptide+fluoride varnish), G6-(Self-assembling peptide+CPP-ACPF varnish). All products were applied according to manufacturer?s instructions and specimens were stored in a daily renewed artificial saliva. Surface microhardness (SMH) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were assessed at baseline, after demineralization, 1 week and 4 weeks storage. SMH values were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey?s post-hoc test. The highest statistically significant SMH values were found in G6 followed by G5, G4, G2 and G3 while the lowest values were found in G1. No statistically significant difference was found between G5 and G6. Also, no statistically significant difference was found between G2 and G3. SEM showed that G4, G5, G6 resulted in more pronounced remineralization, reversing the demineralized enamel fish scale pattern compared to G2 and G3 after 1 week and 4 week remineralization. Complementary effect was obtained after combining self-assembling peptide with CPP-ACPF or fluoride showing the highest remineralizing potential early after 1 week and even after 4 weeks compared to when each agent used alone. Added benefits can be obtained through combining self-assembling peptide with other remineralzing agents allowing faster and enhanced regeneration of non-cavitated caries lesions

堆砂による物理的目詰まりが土壌と貯水池の水理的性能に及ぼす影響

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第23172号工博第4816号新制||工||1753(附属図書館)京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻(主査)教授 角 哲也, 准教授 竹門 康弘, 准教授 Sameh Kantoush学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)Kyoto UniversityDGA

Bridging the Gap in Personalized Oncology using Omics Data and Epidemiology

As Personalized Medicine tailored the field of precision oncology, many challenges have been arising to fulfill the dream of a full personalized health integrated system in cancer therapy. Personalized oncology has been addressed through the past decades in multiple disease and various stages using high throughput technology. This review gives hand on recent advances of personalized oncology in several cancer disease models including leukemia, melanoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer. Moreover, the review enumerates technology-based assessment of personalized biomarkers, including chip micro-array, organ on chip, and next generation sequencing. Meanwhile addressing challenges faced in implementing true personalized health cancer in oncology setting, this review focuses on bridging the gap between omics data analytics and epidemiology to overcome the true challenge of direct application

Survey and comparison of different classification techniques for select appropriate classifier of image

In human visual system, visual object classification is easy and effortless but in computer vision systems it is extremely hard Because of the various images of different objects within a specific class may have together with the various viewing conditions had led to have a serious problem. If some images have noisy contents or it contains blurry data, thus it is very hard to classify these types of images. Images processing introduces several techniques which be able to classify the data, but if image is blurry or noisy so they can not able to give the acceptable results. In this survey discuss the main classification methods consider, Supervised learning and unsupervised learning. The major motivation of this survey is to gives a brief comparison among different images classification techniques and methods. Finally, it is determined method that more accurately if an image contains blurry or noisy data

Analysis of the Impact of Religious Activities on Traffic Flow along Mowe-Ibafo Axis of Lagos – Ibadan Expressway

The increase in the number of religious centres as well as that of worshippers in Nigeria is alarming and unprecedented and it has also come with attendant problems; part of which is the degradation of the environment and more importantly traffic congestion. This paper examines the impact of religious activities on traffic flow and the implication for environmental sustainability along Mowe-Ibafo axis of Lagos – Ibadan Expressway. Using perceptual view of respondents generated through primary data of structured questionnaires as well as traffic count along the route, findings emanating from the study show that religious activities along this route have had adverse effects on the area with severe negative effect on traffic flow pattern as well as sustainable development. Empirical result generated also shows that the volume of traffic is a major factor along the axis but type of vehicle is not a major determinant of traffic flow in the study area. The study observed non-existing abatement strategies for curbing and  coping with the problems and thus suggest solutions towards ameliorating traffic flow which include strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations in the area which would involve law enforcement agents as well as collaboration with the religious organization along the axis in maintaining traffic flow and preventing congestion. Keywords: Religious Activities, Environment, Traffic Flow, Sustainable Development.

Linking Urban Regeneration to Sustainable Urban Development of Smart Cities

Urban regeneration involves the revitalisation of distressed urban areas, through actions such as rehabilitation of historic areas, improvement of living conditions in residential districts, redevelopment of public spaces, and modernisation of urban infrastructure (Alpopi & Manole, 2013). The label 'smart city' has an impact on urban strategies in both large and small towns. It helps to face the increasing problems of urban areas, local public government, companies, non-profit organisations, and the citizens themselves. They all embraced the idea of a smarter city, using more technologies, creating better life conditions and safeguarding the environment for a better quality of life (Dameri & Rosenthal-Sabroux, 2014). This research focuses on adopting an inductive methodology of sustainable urban development in smart cities through a specific framework to be applied on the urban regeneration of city centres in cities with historical background. This will be carried out through the analysis of the interrelationship between the key principles of both urban regeneration and smart cities with the aim to compile a comprehensive list ofprinciples. This inductive methodology will be validated through a comparative study of selected relevant examples. After that the development framework will be used to apply the compiled ideas and principles, and to verify its potential to formulate multiple scenarios of urban regeneration of city centres. After that, the scenarios of development will be tested on a case study of the city of Alexandria in Egypt, by using multiple research methods such as focused interviews, structured questionnaires, personal observation and assessment. This study aims to conclude with a set of guidelines for intervention in similar urbancontexts in general, as well as in the specific case of Alexandria with its particular conditions

UTILIZATION OF ALOE VERA GEL AS GROWTH ENHANCER ON MICROPROPAGATION OF EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA HOOK PLANT

This study aimed to examine the influence ofAloe vera gel at different concentrations as growth enhancer on Eucalyptus citriodora, Hook micropropagation. The experiments were conducted from April 1st 2019 until January 15th, 2020 at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Prof. Dr. Abd El-Fatah H. Belal, Fac. Environ. Agric. Sci., Arish Univ. The obtained results presented that, soaking Eucalyptus citriodora explants on (Clorox)® solution at 20% (v/v) for 20 minutes recorded the highest survival percentage of explants (87.33%) on establishment stage. Furthermore, addition of BA at 1 mg l-1 in combination with NAA at 0.1 mg l-1 recorded the highest shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm) and leaf number/shoot (7.33, 4.66 and 9.50, respectively) on multiplication. Also, the maximum shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm) and leaf number/shoot (9.33, 7.00 and 11.50, respectively) were achieved with addition of Aloe vera gel at 20 m l-1.  Moreover, Murashige Skoog (MS) medium with IBA addition at 1.0 mg l-1 recorded the maximum growth of Eucalyptus citriodora during rooting stage. i.e., shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm), leaf number/shoot, rooting percentage, root number/explant and root length (cm) (3.44, 8.13, 12.86, 99, 3.27 and 5.07, respectively).  Finally, rooted shoots were highly successful (above 80%) on soil mixture contains peatmoss and sand at a rate of (1:1, v:v)