Partial restoration of chiral symmetry in the color flux tube

Using the quark eigenmodes computed on the lattice with the overlap-Dirac operator, we investigate the spatial distribution of the chiral condensate around static color sources corresponding to quark-antiquark and three-quark systems. A flux structure of chromo fields appears in the presence of such color charges. The magnitude of the chiral condensate is reduced inside the color flux, which implies partial restoration of chiral symmetry inside hadrons. Taking a static baryon source in a periodic box as a toy model of nuclear matter, we estimate the magnitude of the chiral symmetry restoration as a function of baryon matter density.Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, published version in Phys. Rev.

Visual servoing with hand-eye manipulator-optimal control approach

This paper proposes a control theoretic formulation and a controller design method for the feature-based visual servoing with redundant features. The linear time-invariant (LTI) formulation copes with the redundant features and provides a simple framework for controller design. The proposed linear quadratic (LQ) method can deal with the redundant features, which is important because the previous LQ methods are not applicable to redundant systems. Moreover, this LQ method gives flexibility for performance improvement instead of the very limited design parameters provided by the generalized inverse and task function controllers. Validity of the LTI model and effectiveness and flexibility of the LQ optimal controller are evaluated by real-time experiments on a PUMA 560 manipulator</p

Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescence Properties of Interconvertible Au^I_2Zn^II and Au^I_3Zn^II Complexes with Mixed Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane and D-Penicillaminate

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Inorganic Chemistry, © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see　http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic402462

Structural insights into the differences among lactisole derivatives in inhibitory mechanisms against the human sweet taste receptor

Lactisole, an inhibitor of the human sweet taste receptor, has a 2-phenoxypropionic acid skeleton and has been shown to interact with the transmembrane domain of the T1R3 subunit (T1R3-TMD) of the receptor. Another inhibitor, 2,4-DP, which shares the same molecular skeleton as lactisole, was confirmed to be approximately 10-fold more potent in its inhibitory activity than lactisole; however the structural basis of their inhibitory mechanisms against the receptor remains to be elucidated. Crystal structures of the TMD of metabotropic glutamate receptors, which along with T1Rs are categorized as class C G-protein coupled receptors, have recently been reported and made it possible to create an accurate structural model for T1R3-TMD. In this study, the detailed structural mechanism underlying sweet taste inhibition was characterized by comparing the action of lactisole on T1R3-TMD with that of 2,4-DP. We first performed a series of experiments using cultured cells expressing the sweet taste receptor with mutations and examined the interactions with these inhibitors. Based on the results, we next performed docking simulations and then applied molecular dynamics-based energy minimization. Our analyses clearly revealed that the (S)-isomers of both lactisole and 2,4-DP, interacted with the same seven residues in T1R3-TMD and that the inhibitory potencies of those inhibitors were mainly due to stabilizing interactions mediated via their carboxyl groups in the vertical dimension of the ligand pocket of T1R3-TMD. In addition, 2,4-DP engaged in a hydrophobic interaction mediated by its o-Cl group, and this interaction may be chiefly responsible for the higher inhibitory potency of 2,4-DP

KEY FACTORS FOR THE SEPARATION OF SILICON AND IRON DURING PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY FROM SLAG DISCHARGED FROM THE DOUBLE-SLAG REFINING PROCESS

In the present study, we developed a technology for concentrating and recovering phosphorus from slag-like phosphorus-containing unused resources and applied it to slag discharged during the latest steelmaking process, that is, double-slag refining process (DRP). The technology we developed consists of the following four processes: Process (1) is the initial acid elution; Process (2) involves alkali precipitation; Process (3) is the second acid elution; and, Process (4) utilizes ion-exchange. In Process (1), the addition of DPR slag to 0.5 M of a nitric acid solution for 24 min resulted in sufficient phosphorus dissolution. In Process (2), ammonia was added to the dissolved solution, and phosphorus was precipitated with high efficiency. The timing of the addition of ammonia significantly influenced the removal of silicon and iron, which would have been inconvenient to accomplish in subsequent processes. In Process (3), the precipitation obtained in Process (2) was re-dissolved in a nitric acid solution. The dissolution of phosphorus together with other elements progressed sufficiently, and we confirmed that silicon could be completely separated as silica by using high-concentration nitric acid at this stage. The fact that silicon could be removed during Process (3) was an important finding, since silicon could not have been separated in the Process (4). In Process (4), by passing the phosphorus-containing solution obtained in Process (3) through an ion exchange resin, elements other than phosphorus and silicon could be removed, which confirms that the range of applications for this technology could be expanded

[μ-1,2-Bis(diphenyl­phosphan­yl)benzene-κ2 P:P′]bis­[chloridogold(I)]

In the crystal structure of the non-solvate form of the title compound, [Au2Cl2(C30H24P2)], two almost linear P—AuI—Cl units [175.87 (3) and 171.48 (3)°] are in a skewed arrangement with a Cl—Au⋯Au—Cl torsion angle of −65.29 (3)° so as to form an intra­molecular Au⋯Au inter­action [3.0563 (2) Å]. The complex mol­ecules are connected each other through inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions, giving a sheet structure parallel to the bc plane