Karışık Ürolitik Kültür ile Antrakinon Boyanın Kesikli Sistemde Biyosorpsiyonu, İzoterm ve Kinetik Çalışmaları

Bu çalışmada tekstil endüstri atıksularında yaygın olarak bulunan antrakinon yapıdaki bir reaktif boyar maddenin, Ürolitik Karışık Mikroorganizma Kültürünün (ÜKMK) kuru biyokütlesi kullanılarak biyosorpsiyon yöntemiyle giderimi ve optimum koşullarının araştırılması incelenmiştir. Ürolitik Karışık Mikroorganizma Kültürü sürekli karışım ve havalandırma sağlanan, zenginleştirilmiş içerikli bir ortamda yetiştirilmiştir. Başlangıç boyarmadde konsantrasyonu, biyokütle miktarı, sıcaklık, pH ve temas süresinin renk giderim verimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan optimum koşullar 150 mg/L başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunda, 0,2 g/L biyokütle ilavesiyle 150 rpm çalkalama hızı, 50 0C sıcaklık, pH 2 ve 20 dakikalık temas süresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum koşullarda; giderim kapasitesi (qe), 620 mg/g; giderim verimi de %82,67 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Antrakinon boyarmaddesinin ürolitik mikroorganizma kültürü biyokütlesi ile biyosorpsiyon kinetiğinin, ikinci dereceden adsorpsiyon kinetiğine ve Freundlich İzotermine uygunluk gösterdiği görülmüştür

REMOVAL OF CADMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS IN FIXED BEDS BY USING HORSE CHESTNUT AND OAK VALONIA

Endüstriyel faaliyetler neticesinde, yüzey sularının ağır metal kirliliği artmıştır. Özellikle biyolojik arıtım sürecinde ağır metaller, mikroorganizmalara öldürücü etki göstermektedir. Ayrıca gerek tarımsal amaçlı kullanılan sularla sulanan bitkilerde, gerekse sucul canlılarda biriken ağır metaller, onları kullanan insanlarda da birikime sebep olmaktadır. Bu sebeple hem biyolojik arıtma yapılacak atık su, hemde alıcı ortama bırakılacak atık suların ağır metallerden arındırılması önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sulardaki kadmiyum kirliliğinin dolgulu kolonlarda adsorpsiyon yoluyla giderilmesi araştırıldı. Adsorbent olarak; at kestanesi ve meşe palamudu kullanıldı.Yapılan çalışma sonucunda meşe palamudunun 26,32 mg kadmiyum/g adsorbent, at kestanesi ise 14,59 mg kadmiyum/g adsorbent adsorplama kapasitelerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca en yüksek adsorplama kapasitesi, meşe palamudu kadehinde 40,24 mg kadmiyum/g adsorbent olarak tespit edilmiştir.By development of industrial activities, there has been an increase of heavy metal pollution in surface waters. During biological purify cation processes, the heavy metals have high toxic effects, especially on the microorganisms. Apparently, the heavy metals accumulating within plants watered using agriculture waters, and within the aquatic living things cause an accumulation in human beings. Because of this reason, the treatment of heavy metals from wastewaters that will be used in biological treatment as well as the purifications of water releasing to the environment gains importance. In this study, the removal of cadmium pollution using packed adsorption columns has been investigated. Oak valonia and horse chestnut have been used as adsorbents. At the result of the study, adsorption capacities of oak valonia and horse chestnut were determined as 26.32 and 14.59 mg cadmium /g adsorbent respectively. Also, there is maximum adsorption capacity in pedincula of oak valonia and this value is 40.24 mg cadmium/g adsorbent

Karışık Ürolitik Kültür ile Antrakinon Boyanın Kesikli Sistemde Biyosorpsiyonu, İzoterm ve Kinetik Çalışmaları

Bu çalışmada tekstil endüstri atıksularında yaygın olarak bulunan antrakinon yapıdaki bir reaktif boyar maddenin, Ürolitik Karışık Mikroorganizma Kültürünün (ÜKMK) kuru biyokütlesi kullanılarak biyosorpsiyon yöntemiyle giderimi ve optimum koşullarının araştırılması incelenmiştir. Ürolitik Karışık Mikroorganizma Kültürü sürekli karışım ve havalandırma sağlanan, zenginleştirilmiş içerikli bir ortamda yetiştirilmiştir. Başlangıç boyarmadde konsantrasyonu, biyokütle miktarı, sıcaklık, pH ve temas süresinin renk giderim verimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan optimum koşullar 150 mg/L başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunda, 0,2 g/L biyokütle ilavesiyle 150 rpm çalkalama hızı, 50 0C sıcaklık, pH 2 ve 20 dakikalık temas süresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum koşullarda; giderim kapasitesi (qe), 620 mg/g; giderim verimi de %82,67 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Antrakinon boyarmaddesinin ürolitik mikroorganizma kültürü biyokütlesi ile biyosorpsiyon kinetiğinin, ikinci dereceden adsorpsiyon kinetiğine ve Freundlich İzotermine uygunluk gösterdiği görülmüştür

Reaktif mavi 221'in pomza ile adsorpsiyonu ve kinetiği

In this study, it was investigated batch adsorption of Reactive Blue 221 which is a textile dye with pumice stone. pH, shaking time, shaking rate, adsorbent particle size and amount were selected as constant parameters but solution temperatures and dye concentrations were selected as variables. Adsorption capacities were determined as 36.60 mg/g ve 47.90 mg/g ve 54.20 mg/g for pumice stone at 293 K, 318 K and 333 K temperatures respectively, in the 7.0 pH, 0.59 mm particle size, 2.00 g adsorbent amount and approximately 1.5 hours shaking time for 8×10-4 M dye concentration. Adsorption data were good agreement with Langmuir isotherm and adsorption was an endothermic and spontaneous process in the results of thermodynamic parameters. The kinetic data of the sorption showed that the pseudo second- order equation was the more appropriate and it was not only obtained an economic process with using of environmentally friendly, easily finded and low cost adsorbent and but also high color removal was obtained in dye

Association Between Plasma Grem1 and Peritoneal Permeability Alterations in Dialysis Patients

Introduction: Alterations in the peritoneal membrane can cause trouble for adequate dialysis. We proposed to evaluate a possible relationship between peritoneal permeability and Grem1 protein in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: Adult PD patients who undergoing dialysis for at least one year were included. Grem1 level was measured in plasma. The peritoneal equalization test (PET) was used to define peritoneal transporting properties. Dialysate to plasma ratio for creatinine (DPRC) value was used as the parameter of the permeability. The first and last DPRC values were compared to determine membrane alteration status. Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 52.9±14.3 years. The average PD duration was 60.3 (24-86.5) months. The average Grem1 level was 164.9 (81.6-164.9) ng/mL. An overall 5.8% increase was determined in DPRC value. There was no statistically significant difference in Grem1 levels between increasing DPRC and non-increasing DPRC groups (p=0.783). According to PET classification: class elevation was observed in 31.7% (19) patients. The plasma Grem1 levels of these groups are as follows: 204.2 ng/mL in stable patients, 168.2 ng/mL in ascending patients, and 196.2 ng/mL in descending patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of Grem1 levels in One-Way ANOVA (p=0.709). Conclusion: We did not identify any correlation between changes in peritoneal permeability and plasma Grem1 levels. However, we have emphasized the importance of novel biomarkers that could predict the changes in peritoneal permeability

Urbanization-driven soil degradation; ecological risks and human health implications

Urban soils contaminated with heavy metals and pesticide residues are of great concern because of their adverse impact on human health. A total of 66 agricultural topsoil samples (15 cm) were collected to represent the study area and determine how anthropogenic activities adversely affect soil quality and human health. Sampling was conducted in the summer, when it was dry and hot, and in the winter, after atmospheric deposition. Seventeen potentially hazardous metals/metalloids (Ag, As, Al, B, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Mo, Pb, Se, Zn, and V) were measured in the soils. The mean concentrations of metals ranged between 0.05 and 8080 mg/kg, and their distribution was site-specific, with high pollution at the sampling sites owing to proximity to human activities. In agricultural areas, the greatest arsenic concentration was recorded at 48 mg/kg. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) and health hazard index (HI) were calculated, as well as metal contamination indices including contamination factor (Cf), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and pollution load index (PLI). The mean PLI was calculated to be 4.89, indicating that the area is highly polluted. The potential ecological risk index showed remarkably high risks for As, Cd, and Hg, and moderate risks for Ni and Pb. The arsenic hazard index (HI) was greater than one (2.41) in children, indicating a risk of exposure through ingestion. Pesticide residue analyses were performed in areas where the metal intensity was high. Banned or restricted organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues, including, dieldrin, endrin ketone, endosulfan I, II, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane (γ-HCH), PP-DDD, and methoxychlor, were detected between 0.002 and 1.45 mg/kg in the soil samples

The use of raw shrimp shells in the adsorption of highly polluted waters with Co2+

In this study, whether raw shrimp shell (Shr-S), which is included in the waste material category, can be used to remove cobalt (Co2+), which is among the heavy metals with a high toxicological risk level, from aqueous environments and the effect of this material on the treatment process were examined. To be able to understand the effect of Shr-S use as an adsorbent on Co(2+ )adsorption, the effects of pH levels (2.0-7.0), Shr-S dose (0.5-5.0 g), and contact time (5-120 min) were examined throughout the adsorption. At optimum conditions for Shr-S (dose: 1 g/L, pH: 5.26, time: 10 min), the Co2+ removal efficiency was found to be about 75 %. The surface structure of Shr-S was revealed by FTIR and SEM-EDX analyses. Equilibrium and speed control were determined using four different isotherm and kinetic models. It was found to be more appropriate for the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir, whose correlation coefficients (R-2) were 0.9966 and 0.9567, and the maximum capacity was calculated as 7.692 mg/g. Results of this study revealed that in terms of removal of Co(2+ )from aqueous environments, Shr-S can be used as an effective adsorbent and its adsorption capacity is comparable to other adsorbents studied in the literature. (C) 2022 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved