Deskripsi Kompetensi Keahlian dengan Penerapan Model Direct Instruction pada Praktikum Pemisahan Alkohol di Smk

: This study aims to determine students\u27 competency skills in practical separation of alcohol after be applicated direct instruction model of grade X Chemical Industry SMK-SMTI Pontianak. The method used is descriptive method. The sample as many as 18 students, using purposive sampling method. Competency skills consist of 5 competences that work preparation, process of distillation, work result (product testing), post-process, and reports. Instrument this study use competency skills assessment sheet. Results of the data analysis of each competency skills average percentage of students\u27 competency who obtained work preparation 94.44% (competent), 88.89% process of distillation (competent), work result (product testing) 83.33% (competent), post-process 94.44% (competent), and reports 72.22% (competent)

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Predict Observe Explain pada Praktikum Penentuan Kadar Asam Cuka

The aimed of this study is to describe the science process skill of students for chemical education FKIP Untan batch 2014/2015 by applying the learning model named Predict Observe Explain (POE) in determination concentrate of vinegar acid lab experiment. This study uses a pre-experimental method with one-shot case study as a research planning. The sample in this research is student of chemistry education FKIP Untan 2nd semester batch 2014/2015 regular B class, with sampling using purposive sampling method. The instrument of data collection using a structured observation sheets, rubrics assessment science process skills, and interview guidelines. The result of discussion showed that the skills of predicting, doing experiment, observing, interpreting experiment results, conclude and communicating in continuously included in good category, very good category, very good category, quite enough category, very good category and good category

Menggali Miskonsepsi Siswa SMA Pada Materi Perhitungan Kimia Menggunakan Certainty of Response Index

This research aims to explore student misconception of SMA Negeri 6 Singkawang on chemistry calculation using CRI and couse. This research type is descriptive research with 21 research subjects. The research instrument used was a multiple choice diagnostic test consisting of 20 items was accompanied certainty of response index (CRI) and interviews. The results showed students had misconceptions on the whole concept ini chemistry calculations. The most common misconceptions subconcept determining relative molecular mass (Mr)compounds Causes of misconception students is about assosiative thinking student (6,95%), praconception who false (35,48%) , reason is not complete 29,03%), intuition that false (6,95%), capacity of student (13,98%),note book (2,69%)packet book (5,9%)

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for Simulating Robot Movement on Two-Dimensional Space Based on Odor Sensing

Nowadays, researches in robotic field have grown increasingly. There are several types of research categories in the field of robotic. Recently, one of the famous research works recently was odor sensing. Within the technology that grows rapidly, this topic has become an interest among researchers. An odor sensing is not only applied in the medical field, but it has also been widely used in the industry. The gradient of concentration of an odor is measured by diluting some amount to reach the threshold of an odor. This paper focused on the implementation of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method based on odor sensing in two (2) dimensional space. However, it only discusses and focuses on applying in ideal condition. An ideal condition here means that there is no disturbance included in this simulation. The main idea of this paper was to observe how the particle agents make the movement based on concentration by applying the PSO method. The real sensor cannot be implemented in this simulation because the value of concentration is measured due to the distance from the particles agent to the goal of agents. Higher gradient concentration is shown at the shorter distance to the goal. The contributions in this paper are mainly to create an algorithms model by using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to calculate the paths of movement of mobile robot until they reach the goals (source of odor) with respect to the concepts of odor sensing

Physical properties of palm oil boiler ash modified bitumen with Rediset

This study examines the physical properties of a 60/70 penetration grade bitumen modified using warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive, Rediset and palm oil boiler ash (POBA) as a modifier. Modified binders were prepared by adding 2% of Rediset with different POBA contents (3, 5, 7, and 9%) through wet mixing process. Physical properties of modified bituminous binder were obtained from penetration, softening point, rotational viscosity and ductility tests. The addition of 7% POBA in WMA binder has the best characteristics in term of its physical properties. The penetration values, softening point temperatures and ductility characteristics show inconsistent patterns. However, the rotational viscosity of each combination had decreased with the increment of temperature even though the trend was not significantly constant. Penetration index (PI) showed an increment with 3 and 5% and decrement pattern on 7 and 9% as well as penetration viscosity number (PVN) showing an inconsistent decrement with the addition of POBA. From the results, it can be concluded that using POBA in WMA binder for pavement construction is a viable option and can be further investigate

Folk Knowledge and Perceptions about the Use of Wild Fruits and Vegetables–Cross-Cultural Knowledge in the Pipli Pahar Reserved Forest of Okara, Pakistan

\ua9 2024 by the authors.Wild fruits and vegetables (WFVs) have been vital to local communities for centuries and make an important contribution to daily life and income. However, traditional knowledge of the use of wild fruits is at risk of being lost due to inadequate documentation. This study aimed to secure this knowledge through intermittent field visits and a semi-structured questionnaire. Using various ethnobotanical data analysis tools and SPSS (IBM 25), this study identified 65 WFV species (52 genera and 29 families). These species, mostly consumed as vegetables (49%) or fruits (43%), were predominantly herbaceous (48%) in wild and semi-wild habitats (67%). 20 WFVs were known to local communities (highest RFC), Phoenix sylvestris stood out as the most utilized species (highest UV). Surprisingly, only 23% of the WFVs were sold at markets. The survey identified 21 unique WFVs that are rarely documented for human consumption in Pakistan (e.g., Ehretia obtusifolia, Euploca strigosa, Brassica juncea, Cleome brachycarpa, Gymnosporia royleana, Cucumis maderaspatanus, Croton bonplandianus, Euphorbia prostrata, Vachellia nilotica, Pongamia pinnata, Grewia asiatica, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Morus serrata, Argemone mexicana, Bambusa vulgaris, Echinochloa colonum, Solanum virginianum, Physalis angulata, Withania somnifera, Zygophyllum creticum, and Peganum harmala), as well as 14 novel uses and five novel edible parts. Despite their ecological importance, the use of WFVs has declined because local people are unaware of their cultural and economic value. Preservation of traditional knowledge through education on conservation and utilization could boost economies and livelihoods in this and similar areas worldwide

Cortical Information Pathway of Below-Average and Average Young Hand-Writers: A Pilot Study

A great deal of study has been performed to figure out the reasons of poor handwriting. Cortical information pathway is one of the intrinsic factors that is worth considering in understanding this difficulty yet received less attention from researchers. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the differences in cortical information pathway between the average and below-average young hand-writers. Six pre-school children who were categorized by Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ) and Screen Writer as average hand-writers and four other children as below-average hand-writers were asked to trace three basic geometric shapes. Their brain signals while tracing the shapes were acquired using electroencephalograph. The information pathway was extracted from the electroencephalogram and analyzed using Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) method. The results showed that most of the below-average young handwriters had to plan their hand movement before tracing the shapes. On the other hand, average hand-writers just only needed to recall their related experience to trace the basic shapes. In conclusion, the differences observed in cortical information pathway between the below-average writers and the average writers are essential. This finding has opened up a new research area for understanding the difficulty experienced by the below-average hand-writers and planning appropriate intervention programs to match the children’s need

Quintessence Cosmology and the Cosmic Coincidence

Within present constraints on the observed smooth energy and its equation of state parameter, it is important to find out whether the smooth energy is static (cosmological constant) or dynamic (quintessence). The most dynamical quintessence fields observationally allowed are now still fast-rolling and no longer satisfy the tracker approximation if the equation of state parameter varies moderately with cosmic scale. We are optimistic about distinguishing between a cosmological constant and appreciably dynamic quintessence, by measuring average values for the effective equation of state parameter. However, reconstructing the quintessence potential from observations of any scale dependence appears problematic in the near future. For our flat universe, at present dominated by smooth energy in the form of either a cosmological constant (LCDM) or quintessence (QCDM), we calculate the asymptotic collapsed mass fraction to be maximal at the observed smooth energy/matter ratio. Identifying this collapsed fraction as a conditional probability for habitable galaxies, we infer that the prior distribution is flat. Interpreting this prior as a distribution over theories, rather than as a distribution over unobservable subuniverses, leads us to heuristic predictions about the class of future quantum cosmology theories and the static or quasi-static nature of the smooth energy.Comment: Typos corrected, as presented at Cosmo-01 Workshop, Rovaniemi, Finland and accepted for publication in Physical Review D. 9 pages, 4 figure

Identification and role of microbial species developed in aerobic granular sludge bioreactor for livestock wastewater treatment

The purpose of the microbial diversity studies conducted is to discover species composition, structure, bacterial distribution, spatial activity as well as the function and role of the microbial. A laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor with a working volume of 2 L was used to develop aerobic granular sludge to treat livestock wastewater. The seed sludge was taken from municipal wastewater treatment plant, while the wastewater was collected from cattle farm at Primaternak Enterprise, Johor, Malaysia. The composition and diversity of microbial community in the seed sludge and aerobic granules were explored using next generation sequencing analysis. Based on the findings, the details of phylogenetic bacterial which consists of phylum, class, order and family were identified and compared between the seed sludge and aerobic granules. The metagenome DNA sequencing analysis has revealed an abundance of microbial diversity in the seed sludge and 8 hours aerobic granular sludge samples. The metagenome analysis discovered wide variety of microorganism including archaea, bacteria, eukaryote, and virus. Bacteria has been evaluated as the most dominant microbial in both seed sludge and aerobic granules. Acidovorax sp JS42 was found to be the most abundance bacteria species in seed sludge while Thauera MZIT was the most abundance bacteria species in aerobic granules. Whereas, Bacteroides, Flavobacterium, Comamonas, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter were the most abundance bacteria that responsible in developing aerobic granules were observed to be higher in aerobic granules compared to the seed sludge. The results from this study indicated that distinct differences of microbial community from the seed sludge and aerobic granular sludge were observed clearly, which provided some evidence of the granulation process