Development of laser-combined scanning multiprobe spectroscopy and application to analysis of WSe2/MoSe2 in-plane heterostructure

By combining scanning multiprobe (MP) microscopy with optical methods such as light-modulated spectroscopy (LMS) and optical pump-probe (OPP) method, we have succeeded in developing a microscopy method for measuring electronic structures and photoinduced carrier dynamics in microscopic structures. We demonstrated its performance by analyzing the electronic structures in a monolayer island of a WSe2/MoSe2 in-plane heterostructure grown on a SiO2/Si substrate. By observing the field-effect transistor characteristics and photocurrent mapping over the heterostructure by LMS, we were able to visualize the band structure. Positional dependence of carrier dynamics was also successfully probed by OPP-MP spectroscopy

Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies in early gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Both endoscopic and surgical approaches are employed in the treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study was to establish appropriate treatment strategies for early gastric cancer.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We retrospectively examined clinicopathological data of EGC patients who had undergone surgery.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 327 patients (204 males and 123 females, mean age 63.2 years) were eligible for inclusion in the study. The median follow-up period was 31 months. Of 161 mucosal (pT1a) tumors, 87 were mainly undifferentiated and 110 had an undifferentiated component. Four patients with pT1a tumors had lymph node metastases; all these tumors were signet-ring cell carcinomas and were macroscopic type 0-IIc with ulceration, and only one of them had lymphatic invasion. Among patients with submucosal tumors, four of 43 patients with pT1b1 tumors and 37 of 123 patients with pT1b2 tumors had nodal metastases. Lymph node metastases were significantly higher in mixed undifferentiated type group than differentiated type group for both groups, pT1a-pT1b1 (p = 0.0251) and pT1b2 (p = 0.0430) subgroups. Only four of 45 patients with nodal metastases were diagnosed preoperatively by computed tomography (sensitivity 8.9%, specificity 96.2%). Nine patients with pT1b tumors had recurrence after surgery, and died. The sites of initial recurrence were liver, bone, peritoneum, distant nodes, and the surgical anastomosis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The incidence of nodal metastases was approximately 5% in undifferentiated type mucosal (pT1a) tumors, and higher in submucosal (pT1b) tumors. The sensitivity of preoperative diagnosis of nodal metastases in EGC using computed tomography was relatively low in this study. Therefore at present surgery with adequate lymphadenectomy should be performed as curative treatment for undifferentiated type EGC.</p

Genetic polymorphism of cat (Felis catus) plasma orosomucoid

Genetic polymorphism of orosomucoid (ORM) was observed in 22 breeds of cats (Felis catus) using isoelectric focusing (pH 4.0-6.5) of desialylated plasmas followed by immunoblotting with rabbit antiserum to human ORM. From a total of 943 plasma samples examined, 15 phenotypes were identified and family studies demonstrated an inheritance of five codominant alleles, ORM(A), ORM(B), ORM(C), ORM(D), and ORM(E), at a single locus

Improved optical identifi cation of laterally spreading type &quot;0-IIb&quot; gastric lesion with narrow band imaging magnifi cation endoscopy

Abstract Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become the treatment of choice for early gastric cancer. Accurate identifi cation of tumor borders is crucial for curative ESD. Narrow band imaging magnifi cation endoscopy (NBI-ME) has been eff ectively used for assessment of superfi cial gastric lesions; however, international experience in type &quot;0-IIb&quot; gastric lesions is limited. Successful endoscopic tissue characterization of laterally spreading type &quot;0-IIb&quot; early gastric cancer in a 74-year-old male with known type &quot;0-IIa&quot; lesion, using zoom NBI-ME, is reported. While the type &quot;0-IIa&quot; gastric lesion was clearly recognized by white light endoscopy and indigo carmine chromoendoscopy, the laterally spreading type &quot;0-IIb&quot; gastric cancer was only identifi ed on the basis of NBI-ME malignant microvascular and mucosal microsurface pattern. Based on NBI-ME fi ndings, accurate border marking approximately 1 mm apart from the demarcation line and complete en bloc ESD resection of both tumors was successfully succeeded. Recovery was uneventful. Histopathology showed moderately diff erentiated gastric adenocarcinoma in type &quot;0-IIa&quot; lesion and a small area of low-grade well-diff erentiated gastric adenocarcinoma in type &quot;0-IIb&quot; lesion. Conclusively, improved real-time optical identifi cation of laterally spreading type &quot;0-IIb&quot; gastric lesion was achieved with NBI-ME