Mites of public health importance and their control

References: p. 27-28

Enhancing Reflective Teaching Practices: Implications for Faculty Development Programs

Reflecting on one’s teaching practice is often an implicit goal for faculty development programs. Yet very little has been documented how programs for diverse groups of university teachers actually engage faculty in such reflection. This paper examines how theoretical constructs of reflective practice were applied in the context of an 8-month UBC Faculty Certificate Program on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (FCP). The Teaching Perspectives Inventory (TPI) was particularly useful for providing faculty cohort members with a means of looking more deeply at the underlying values and assumptions that constituted their philosophical orientations to teaching. Furthermore, a change in faculty members’ TPI scores indicate that participants reflected more comprehensively on their teaching at the end of the program, than they did at the beginning of the program. Barriers to facilitating reflection included inadequate time allocation, unclear expectations and goals for reflection activities, and varying cultural norms for reflective teaching practices within academe.Réfl échir sur sa propre pratique d’enseignement est souvent un objectif implicite des programmes de développement du corps professoral. Il existe cependant à ce jour très peu de recherches documentées sur la manière dont les programmes établis pour divers groupes d’enseignants universitaires engagent véritablement le corps professoral dans une telle réfl exion. Ce document examine la manière dont les concepts théoriques de la pratique réfl ective ont été appliqués dans le contexte d’un UBC Faculty Certifi cate Program on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (FCP - Programme de certifi cat du corps professoral de l’UBC sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage dans l’enseignement supérieur) de huit mois. L’Inventaire des perspectives de l’enseignement (TPI) a été particulièrement utile pour fournir aux membres de la cohorte du corps professoral les moyens d’étudier plus en profondeur les valeurs et hypothèses sous-jacentes qui ont constitué leurs orientations philosophiques sur l’enseignement. De plus, la modifi cation des scores TPI des membres du corps professoral indique que les participants ont réfl échi de manière plus détaillée sur leur enseignement à la fi n du programme qu’au début du programme. Les barrières qui empêchaient la facilitation de la réfl exion comprenaient une attribution de temps inadéquate, des attentes et objets peu clairs pour les activités de réfl exion ainsi que des normes culturelles variables pour les pratiques d’enseignement réfl ectif au sein du monde universitaire

See-Saw

Illustration of musical notes on bars with stars in backgroundhttps://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/cht-sheet-music/12171/thumbnail.jp

Convolutional Neural Networks for Diabetic Retinopathy

The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through colour fundus images requires experienced clinicians to identify the presence and significance of many small features which, along with a complex grading system, makes this a difficult and time consuming task. In this paper, we propose a CNN approach to diagnosing DR from digital fundus images and accurately classifying its severity. We develop a network with CNN architecture and data augmentation which can identify the intricate features involved in the classification task such as micro-aneurysms, exudate and haemorrhages on the retina and consequently provide a diagnosis automatically and without user input. We train this network using a high-end graphics processor unit (GPU) on the publicly available Kaggle dataset and demonstrate impressive results, particularly for a high-level classification task. On the dat

Tolerogenic dendritic cells generated with dexamethasone and vitamin D3 regulate rheumatoid arthritis CD4⁺ T cells partly via transforming growth factor-β1

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) are a new immunotherapeutic tool for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune disorders. We have established a method to generate stable tolDC by pharmacological modulation of human monocyte‐derived DC. These tolDC exert potent pro‐tolerogenic actions on CD4(+) T cells. Lack of interleukin (IL)−12p70 production is a key immunoregulatory attribute of tolDC but does not explain their action fully. Here we show that tolDC express transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 at both mRNA and protein levels, and that expression of this immunoregulatory cytokine is significantly higher in tolDC than in mature monocyte‐derived DC. By inhibiting TGF‐β1 signalling we demonstrate that tolDC regulate CD4(+) T cell responses in a manner that is at least partly dependent upon this cytokine. Crucially, we also show that while there is no significant difference in expression of TGF‐βRII on CD4(+) T cells from RA patients and healthy controls, RA patient CD4(+) T cells are measurably less responsive to TGF‐β1 than healthy control CD4(+) T cells [reduced TGF‐β‐induced mothers against decapentaplegic homologue (Smad)2/3 phosphorylation, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression and suppression of (IFN)‐γ secretion]. However, CD4(+) T cells from RA patients can, nonetheless, be regulated efficiently by tolDC in a TGF‐β1‐dependent manner. This work is important for the design and development of future studies investigating the potential use of tolDC as a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of RA

Drone-based Water Sampling and Characterization of Three Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms in the United States

Freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs), caused mostly by toxic cyanobacteria, produce a range of cyanotoxins that threaten the health of humans and domestic animals. Climate conditions and anthropogenic influences such as agricultural run-off can alter the onset and intensity of HABs. Little is known about the distribution and spread of freshwater HABs. Current sampling protocols in some lakes involve teams of researchers that collect samples by hand from a boat and/or from the shoreline. Water samples can be collected from the surface, from discrete-depth collections, and/or from depth-integrated intervals. These collections are often restricted to certain months of the year, and generally are only performed at a limited number of collection sites. In lakes with active HABs, surface samples are generally sufficient for HAB water quality assessments. We used a unique DrOne Water Sampling SystEm (DOWSE) to collect water samples from the surface of three different HABs in Ohio (Grand Lake St Marys, GLSM and Lake Erie) and Virginia (Lake Anna), United States in 2019. The DOWSE consisted of a 3D-printed sampling device tethered to a drone (uncrewed aerial system, or UAS), and was used to collect surface water samples at different distances (10–100 m) from the shore or from an anchored boat. One hundred and eighty water samples (40 at GLSM, 20 at Lake Erie, and 120 at Lake Anna) were collected and analyzed from 18 drone flights. Our methods included testing for cyanotoxins, phycocyanin, and nutrients from surface water samples. Mean concentrations of microcystins (MCs) in drone water samples were 15.00, 1.92, and 0.02 ppb for GLSM, Lake Erie, and Lake Anna, respectively. Lake Anna had low levels of anatoxin in nearly all (111/120) of the drone water samples. Mean concentrations of phycocyanin in drone water samples were 687, 38, and 62 ppb for GLSM, Lake Erie, and Lake Anna, respectively. High levels of total phosphorus were observed in the drone water samples from GLSM (mean of 0.34 mg/L) and Lake Erie (mean of 0.12 mg/L). Lake Anna had the highest variability of total phosphorus with concentrations that ranged from 0.01 mg/L to 0.21 mg/L, with a mean of 0.06 mg/L. Nitrate levels varied greatly across sites, inverse with bloom biomass, ranging from below detection to 3.64 mg/L, with highest mean values in Lake Erie followed by GLSM and Lake Anna, respectively. Drones offer a rapid, targeted collection of water samples from virtually anywhere on a lake with an active HAB without the need for a boat which can disturb the surrounding water. Drones are, however, limited in their ability to operate during inclement weather such as rain and heavy winds. Collectively, our results highlight numerous opportunities for drone-based water sampling technologies to track, predict, and respond to HABs in the future