Life cycle energy and carbon analysis of domestic combined heat and power generators

Micro Combined Heat and Power (micro-CHP) generators combine the benefits of the high-efficiency cogeneration technology and microgeneration and is being promoted as a means of lowering greenhouse gas emissions by decentralizing the power network. Life Cycle Assessment of energy systems is becoming a part of decision making in the energy industry, helping manufacturers promote their low carbon devices, and consumers choose the most environmentally friendly options. This report summarizes a preliminary life-cycle energy and carbon analysis of a wall-hung gas-powered domestic micro-CHP device that is commercially available across Europe. Combining a very efficient condensing boiler with a Stirling engine, the device can deliver enough heat to cover the needs of a typical household (up to 24kW) while generating power (up to 1kW) that can be used locally or sold to the grid. Assuming an annual heat production of 20 MWh, the study has calculated the total embodied energy and carbon emissions over a 15 years operational lifetime at 1606 GJ and 90 tonnes of CO2 respectively. Assuming that such a micro CHP device replaces the most efficient gas-powered condensing boiler for domestic heat production, and the power generated substitutes electricity from the grid, the potential energy and carbon savings are around 5000 MJ/year and 530 kg CO2/year respectively. This implies a payback period of the embodied energy and carbon at 1.32 - 2.32 and 0.75 - 1.35 years respectively. Apart from the embodied energy and carbon and the respective savings, additional key outcomes of the study are the evaluation of the energy intensive phases of the device’s life cycle and the exploration of potential improvements

Geological Interpretation of Infrared Imagery of the Pend Oreille Area, Idaho

Geologic interpretation of infrared imagery of Lake Pend Oreille area in Idah

The nonsingular origin of the universe

Qualitative arguments against theory of singular origin of univers

Protected nodal electron pocket from multiple-Q ordering in underdoped high temperature superconductors

A multiple wavevector (Q) reconstruction of the Fermi surface is shown to yield a profoundly different electronic structure to that characteristic of single wavevector reconstruction, despite their proximity in energy. We consider the specific case in which ordering is generated by Qx = [2{\pi}a, 0] and Qy = [0,2{\pi}b] (in which a = b = 1/4) - similar to those identified in neutron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, and more generally show that an isolated pocket adjacent to the nodal point knodal = [\pm {\pi}/2, \pm {\pi}/2] is a protected feature of such a multiple-Q model, potentially corresponding to the nodal 'Fermi arcs' observed in photoemission and the small size of the electronic heat capacity found in high magnetic fields - importantly, containing electron carriers which can yield negative Hall and Seebeck coefficients observed in high magnetic fields.Comment: 4 page

Advanced refractory alloy corrosion loop program quarterly progress report no. 1, quarter ending jul. 15, 1965

Material procurement and quality assurance for advanced refractory alloy corrosion loop progra