Early Voting Methods and the Impact on Voter Turnout

In 2004, over 27 million Americans voted prior to Election Day through early voting policies that exist in the United States. One of the most discussed questions is whether early voting has an effect on voter turnout. In this analysis, I will review the voter turnout of states during the 2008 and 2010 election years. By executing this analysis, I hope to determine if these policies affect voter turnout. The implications of this analysis are useful for informing state decisions regarding voting procedures and can assist the other states in determining if these polices, and similar methods in the future, are making voting more convenient, thus increasing voter turnout. The analysis finds that certain policies influence voter turnout for the 2008 election year,. The analysis demonstrate s that states classified with “early voting” policies has a negative statistically significant impact on voter participation in the election. After running the 2008 data, I run the same analysis on data for the 2010 election. For the 2010 election year, the analysis found that policies influenced voter turnout. The analysis demonstrated classification of “ early voting” policies have a negative statistical significant impact on the voter participation in the election. However, “voting by mail” has a positive statistical impact on voter turnout. Overall, this study utilized state early voting policy and voter turnout data to determine that there is both a positive and negative statically significant relationship between the type of early voting method policy and voter participation. These findings can assist states in future decisions regarding early voting policy reform

Mentorship in Literary Arts

Research Poste

Rigour Required: Recent Direction from the Supreme Court of Canada on Binding and Non-Binding Sources of International Law in Charter Interpretation

It is not uncommon for parties to plead principles of international law to inform a court’s analysis of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (the “Charter”). However, commentators have long expressed concern about the Supreme Court of Canada’s lack of clarity on how it uses international human rights law and for what purpose in Charter interpretation. This paper addresses how a divided Supreme Court of Canada in Quebec (Attorney General) v. 9147-0732 Québec inc. (“9147-0732 Québec inc.”) attempted to clarify when it is appropriate for a court to use international law to interpret the scope of a Charter protection and how this should be done. The paper is set out as follows: Part II sets out the background of the case, while Part III discusses the judgments of the lower courts. Part IV of the paper explains the disagreement between the majority and concurring justices in the Supreme Court’s judgment on the role of international law in Charter interpretation, while Part V analyzes the disagreement between the majority and concurring justices and the implications of the majority’s holding in 9147 for future cases

Fate of Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin River Sediment: Relative Importance of Oceanographic and Tectonic Controls - Associated Dataset

Data set archive associated with Kuehl et al. (2019) collected as part of NSF award OCE-1737221. Core and CTD data are from a two-week oceanographic research cruise which was conducted in December 2017 in the Northern Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal, using a locally hired vessel. Overall, we occupied 30 stations and collected ~50 sediment cores (kasten, gravity and box), along with CTD profiles on the shelf and inside the Yangon River estuary. The area covered includes both the western and eastern sides of the delta, almost 250 nm across, and southward across the continental shelf to a major submarine canyon at the shelf edge in the northern Andaman Sea. The data set represents both electronic and physical archives

Across-shelf sediment transport: Interactions between suspended sediment and bed sediment

[1] We use a two-dimensional, time-dependent sediment-transport model to quantify across-shelf transport, deposition, and sorting during wave-driven resuspension events characteristic of those that dominate sediment transport on many continental shelves. Decreases in wave-orbital velocities as water depth increases, and the resulting cross-shelf gradient in bed shear stress favor a net offshore transport of sediment. On wide, flat shelves (slopes similar to0.1%), these gradients are low, and the depth to which the seabed is reworked depends mainly on bottom shear stress and local sediment availability. On narrow, steep shelves (slopes similar to0.5%), however, the gradient in bottom stress generates significant cross-shelf suspended sediment flux gradients that create regions of net erosion and deposition. While the magnitude of waves generally determines the water depth to which sediment can be resuspended, erosional and depositional patterns on narrow shelves are sensitive to cross-shelf gradients in wave energy, nonlocal sediment availability, and the direction and magnitude of the cross-shelf current. During energetic waves, cross-shelf divergence of suspended sediment flux can create a coarsened, erosional area on the inner shelf that abuts a region of fine-grained sediment deposition on the mid-to-outer shelf. If currents are strongly shoreward, however, flux divergence leads to erosion over the entire shelf

A Teacher-Developed Process For Collaborative Professional Reflection

In Spring 2000, a group of five elementary school teachers met to investigate the nature of professional reflection and develop a process of collaborative reflection as productive professional development. These teachers’ beliefs that reflection is both necessary and valuable, coupled with their recommendation that it be collaborative, served as the basis of the process for collaborative reflection developed by the group and described in this paper. While designing the process, these teachers felt very strongly about how it should look and thus, they included many perceived requirements or ‘shoulds’ in their design. Interestingly, when the viability of these ‘shoulds’ were tested, the testing teachers wrestled with the process as designed, finding their naturally emerging reflection process to be more holistic than sequential. Yet, as these teachers struggled with the order of the designed process, they engaged in the tasks themselves, which propelled them through effective reflections

Assessment of Social Support Among High School Athletes

In volume 4, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS you will find Professional Research Abstracts, as well as Bachelor Student REsearch Abstracts and Case Reports. Thank you for viewing this 4th Annual OATA Special Editio

Evaluating the effects of cohesive processes on sediment distribution in an idealized, partially-mixed estuary using a numerical model

An idealized two-dimensional model is designed to represent a longitudinal section of a partially-mixed estuary, accounting for a freshwater source, tides, and estuarine circulation, but neglecting across-channel variations. The Community Sediment Transport Modeling System (CSTMS) is used to simulate suspended transport, erosion, and deposition within the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). This version of the model also includes cohesive processes such as consolidation and swelling of the sediment bed; sediment-induced stratification; and variable settling velocities. To better understand the processes controlling fine-grained sediment transport in the York River, VA, the primary features of the idealized estuary mimic that system, and the model uses site-specific field measurements of erodibility and settling properties to constrain sediment transport model parameters. Simulations that include different combinations of cohesive processes are used to determine the impact of bed consolidation and swelling, and sediment-induced stratification on the depositional patterns of various sediment types along the idealized estuary and over a tidal cycle. The sediment classes represent the range of particle settling velocities (ws) seen from in situ observations; and include resilient muddy fecal pellets (ws = 2.4 mm s-1 ), very fine sand (ws = 6 mm s-1 ), lowerdensity flocs (ws = 0.8 mm s-1 ), and unflocculated primary particles (ws = 0.1 mm s-1 ). Slower settling particles preferentially remain in suspension, leading to a more even spatial distribution. Faster settling sediment is more readily trapped in the estuarine region of convergence or estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM). Considering sedimentinduced stratification traps sediment in the lower water column, and bed consolidation limits suspension of lower ws sediment, then the incorporation of these processes are likely to enhance the trapping of relatively higher ws sediment in the ETM region