Guía de la exposición Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista

La Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid inicia el año 2017 con la exposición "Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista Española", con la que se conmemora el bicentenario de la muerte de Juan Andrés (1740-1817), autor de la primera "Historia universal y comparada de las Letras y las Ciencias" con el título de "Origen, progresos y estado actual de toda la literatura". Es Andrés cabeza o figura principal, junto con Lorenzo Hervás y Antonio Eximeno, de la Escuela Universalista Española del siglo XVIII, constituida por una treintena de autores, más otros tantos vinculados y diversos precursores que en su conjunto delinean una tradición humanística ininterrumpida hasta el acceso a esta Ilustración brillante, sólo tardíamente determinada, cuya emergencia modifica la faz de la cultura española y occidental moderna

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis Caused by Daptomycin

Daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic with similar action as vancomycin, is used to treat complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by resistant Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant streptococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), characterized by acute onset of numerous sterile, nonfollicular pinhead sized pustules, is common secondary to drugs, in particular, antibiotics. We present the first case of AGEP following the use of daptomycin

Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista Española

Catálogo de la exposición organizada por la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla desde el 18 de enero hasta el 16 de junio de 2017, en homenaje al bicentenario de la muerte de Juan Andrés (1740-1817), autor de la primera Historia universal y comparada de las Letras y las Ciencias: "Origen y progresos y estado actual de toda la literatura"

La Ilustración hispánica. Mestiza y universal

Catálogo de la exposición celebrada en la AECID (Madrid) de septiembre de 2017 a febrero de 2018Antecedentes y precursores de la Ilustración hispánica / Fermín del Pino -- La Escuela Universalista Hispánica o Española del siglo XVIII / Pedro Aullón de Haro -- El Galeón de Manila en la historia de la globalización / Davide Mombelli -- El Pacífico, Filipinas y los Mares del sur / Francisco G. Villanueva -- Expediciones de límites geográficos en América durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII / Carmen Martínez Martín -- Andrés, Hervás y la filología universal / Jesús García Gabaldón -- La Ilustración en Filipinas / Isaac Donoso -- La colaboración europea en materia científica. El período ilustrado / Fernando Miguel Pérez Herranz -- La salud como objetivo, la Real Expedición Filantrópica de la Vacuna : textos y contextos / Susana María Ramírez Martín -- El método del viaje / Joaquín Ibáñez Montoya -- La investigación basada en fuentes bibliográficas / Araceli Garcí

The genome size of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) reveals novel fish insights in gene duplication

We report a draft genome assembly for the teleost gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), reconstructed by combination of short- and long-read high-throughput sequencing, and genetic linkage maps. The assembly comprised 5,039 scaffolds that span 1.24 Gb of the expected 1.59 Gb complete genome size, with 932 scaffolds (~732 Mb) anchored to 24 chromosomes. This sequencing strategy resulted in a high quality fish genome assembly, as supported by the high N50 (1.07 Mb) and lower L50 (227) values. These long and continuous reads allowed the annotation of a large number of coding genes (55,423), non-coding RNA genes (2,991) and 345 Mb of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Synteny analysis revealed a high level of homology between gilthead sea bream genes. Phylogenomics relationships with other fish species were established to locate temporal speciation and to assign duplication events. A large degree of recent and lineage-specific gene duplications was found, that were mainly enriched in functions related to genome transposition, immune response and response to stimulus. These duplications and gene family expansions could be related in part to the activity of MGEs. This fact makes gilthead sea bream an interesting model for the study of gene repertoire expansion strategies complementary to fish whole genome duplication events. Transcriptional analyses across six different tissues (anterior and posterior intestine, skeletal muscle, liver, gills, spleen) indicated that gene duplication preferentially affected genes expressed in two or more tissues. These findings highlight the genomic complexity of this species and the importance of selective geneThis work was financed by Spanish (Intramural-CSIC, 1201530E025; MICINN, BreamAquaINTECH, RTI2018-094128-B-I00) and European Union (AQUAEXCEL2020, 652831) projects. BS was supported by a predoctoral research fellowship (Doctorados industriales, DI-17-09134) from Spanish MINECO.Peer reviewe

Genome sequencing and transcriptome analysis reveal recent species-specific gene duplications in the plastic gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata)

Gilthead sea bream is an economically important fish species that is remarkably well-adapted to farming and changing environments. Understanding the genomic basis of this plasticity will serve to orientate domestication and selective breeding toward more robust and efficient fish. To address this goal, a draft genome assembly was reconstructed combining short- and long-read high-throughput sequencing with genetic linkage maps. The assembled unmasked genome spans 1.24 Gb of an expected 1.59 Gb genome size with 932 scaffolds (~732 Mb) anchored to 24 chromosomes that are available as a karyotype browser at www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb. Homology-based functional annotation, supported by RNA-seq transcripts, identified 55,423 actively transcribed genes corresponding to 21,275 unique descriptions with more than 55% of duplicated genes. The mobilome accounts for the 75% of the full genome size and it is mostly constituted by introns (599 Mb), whereas the rest is represented by low complexity repeats, RNA retrotransposons, DNA transposons, and non-coding RNAs. This mobilome also contains a large number of chimeric/composite genes (i.e., loci presenting fragments or exons mostly surrounded by LINEs and Tc1/mariner DNA transposons), whose analysis revealed an enrichment in immune-related functions and processes. Analysis of synteny and gene phylogenies uncovered a high rate of species-specific duplications, resulting from recent independent duplications rather than from genome polyploidization (2.024 duplications per gene; 0.385 excluding gene expansions). These species-specific duplications were enriched in gene families functionally related to genome transposition, immune response, and sensory responses. Additionally, transcriptional analysis of liver, skeletal muscle, intestine, gills, and spleen supported a high number of functionally specialized paralogs under tissue-exclusive regulation. Altogether, these findings suggest a role of recent large-scale gene duplications coupled to tissue expression diversification in the evolution of gilthead sea bream genome during its successful adaptation to a changing and pathogen-rich environment. This issue also underscores a role of evolutionary routes for rapid increase of the gene repertoire in teleost fish that are independent of polyploidization. Since gilthead sea bream has a well-recognized plasticity, the current study will advance our understanding of fish biology and how organisms of this taxon interact with the environment.This work was financed by Spanish (Intramural CSIC, 1201530E025; MICINN BreamAquaINTECH, RTI2018-094128-B-I00) and European Union (AQUAEXCEL2020, 652831) projects to JP-S. BS was supported by a predoctoral research fellowship (Doctorados Industriales, DI-17-09134) from Spanish MINECO

La Ilustración hispánica. Mestiza y universal

Antecedentes y precursores de la Ilustración hispánica / Fermín del Pino -- La Escuela Universalista Hispánica o Española del siglo XVIII / Pedro Aullón de Haro -- El Galeón de Manila en la historia de la globalización / Davide Mombelli -- El Pacífico, Filipinas y los Mares del sur / Francisco G. Villanueva -- Expediciones de límites geográficos en América durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII / Carmen Martínez Martín -- Andrés, Hervás y la filología universal / Jesús García Gabaldón -- La Ilustración en Filipinas / Isaac Donoso -- La colaboración europea en materia científica. El período ilustrado / Fernando Miguel Pérez Herranz -- La salud como objetivo, la Real Expedición Filantrópica de la Vacuna : textos y contextos / Susana María Ramírez Martín -- El método del viaje / Joaquín Ibáñez Montoya -- La investigación basada en fuentes bibliográficas / Araceli GarcíaCatálogo de la exposición celebrada en la AECID (Madrid) de septiembre de 2017 a febrero de 201