Working girls: abuse or choice in street-level sex work? A study of homeless women in Nottingham

This paper aims to explore how abused homeless women understand their choice to sex work. In particular, there is a discussion of the motivations given by women as to why they sex worked, and it is suggested that abused homeless women can experience coercion from abusive partners in deciding to sex work. There is a challenge to the notion of 'victim' within the government's 'Prostitution Strategy' (Home Office, 2006) in specifying responses to the complex needs of sex working women. Recommendations are also made for practice in the context of the 'Strategy' when working with abused and coerced homeless women who choose to sex work. Twenty-six homeless women were interviewed - nine of whom had sex worked - and a structured, qualitative questionnaire was used in a case study design from which information was gathered about the relationship between a woman's experience of abuse and her decision to sex work

Response of a one-dimensional Vlasov plasma to external electric fields

Numerical results of calculated response of collisionless electron plasma to externally imposed electric fiel

Not going it alone: social integration and tenancy sustainability for formerly homeless substance users

This article draws on findings from a study of a specialised tenancy support service for homeless substance users in a Midlands city, and contributes to debates about what makes solutions to homelessness sustainable. Two approaches to tenancy support are examined: first, a resettlement model based on risk management; and second, a restorative model which prioritises support that enables people to rebuild their lives in a more holistic sense. Conclusions point to a need for a broader training for tenancy support workers and a funding level that enables them to stay with their clients long enough to facilitate this fuller restoration

The Washington experience (evaluation and selection of hardware for automated geo-based information systems)

A Washington geographic information system is described. The system has thrust from two different angles: the proprietary need for information to support the management of five million acres of thrust lands by the Department of Natural Resources, and the need for data over the entire state because of statewide governmental responsibilities. The data base includes information relevant to agricultural, forest, industrial, business, and community growth with emphasis on assembling information useful in setting intermediate and long-range goals. System selection procedures and system feasibility studies are discussed

The multi-disciplinary design study: A life cycle cost algorithm

The approach and results of a Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis of the Space Station Solar Dynamic Power Subsystem (SDPS) including gimbal pointing and power output performance are documented. The Multi-Discipline Design Tool (MDDT) computer program developed during the 1986 study has been modified to include the design, performance, and cost algorithms for the SDPS as described. As with the Space Station structural and control subsystems, the LCC of the SDPS can be computed within the MDDT program as a function of the engineering design variables. Two simple examples of MDDT's capability to evaluate cost sensitivity and design based on LCC are included. MDDT was designed to accept NASA's IMAT computer program data as input so that IMAT's detailed structural and controls design capability can be assessed with expected system LCC as computed by MDDT. No changes to IMAT were required. Detailed knowledge of IMAT is not required to perform the LCC analyses as the interface with IMAT is noninteractive

America, the War of 1739-48 and the development of British global power

Britain's global power rested on her ability to move effective forces to different parts of the globe. Seapower was at the core of this, but it also required expeditionary armies to establish British power on land in a more permanent fashion. During the Seven Years War (1756-63) Britain proved that she possessed this global power and that it was an extremely effective diplomatic weapon. The factors that contributed to this global capability were many and developed during the decades prior to 1756. One of those factors was the mobilisation of American manpower. This paper examines the contribution of the American Regiment raised in 1740 to serve with British expeditionary forces in the West Indies. Although the operation was a disaster, the experience of raising the troops and employing them was an important step in clarifying the manner in which American manpower could best be tapped for war in the Americas

Service users as peer research interviewers: why bother?

Drawing on two studies completed within the social housing sector, this chapter asks if there are advantages to peer interviewing, whereby those currently or recently receiving services interview their peers as part of a research project. Contribution is made to the broader methodological debate of how service users should be involved in research about their lives. Along with contributions from a peer interviewer, we examine the benefits to peer interviewers themselves, and whether there are any positive differences for the people being interviewed. This chapter argues that there are clear methodological advantages to peer interviewing as it can lend vital insights from rapport with those often regarded as ‘hardest to reach’. The chapter also discusses peer interviewing in terms of strategic risk and limitations, as well as practical and ethical considerations. Ways of developing peer research in general are also suggested

The first occurrence of the Ponto-Caspian invader, Hemimysis anomala G.O. sars, 1907 (Mysidacea) in the UK

An invasive Ponto-Caspian mysid, Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907, was recorded in England for the first time in 2004. Usually a deep water species, in England H. anomala has been observed in shallow waters, in which it shelters under or within anthropogenic structures during daylight. This behaviour renders traditional, net-based survey methods ineffective. Therefore, a distribution survey of the English East Midlands was conducted by searching for individuals by torchlight after dark. H. anomala was found to be widespread within the study area, occurring at 24 out of 51 sites surveyed. However, the geographical limits of its distribution were not determined. The species occurred at low densities in canals and in backwaters of the River Trent, whilst dense swarms were observed in September 2005 in a regatta lake connected to the River Trent. H. anomala has the potential to spread through England's canal network and could colonize the lower reaches and estuaries of rivers including the River Thames and River Severn. Habitat preference analysis indicated that flowing water and absence of shelter prevented population establishment, although the species' U.K. distribution suggests that it can migrate through such areas of unsuitable habitat

Developing a suicide prevention programme to address the increase in prison suicides in Kent

This document presents the final report of a student internship project, focusing on the development of a suicide prevention programme in Kent. Following an increase in prison suicides between 2013 and 2014, Kent & Medway Suicide Prevention Steering Group were approached by the commissioning manager for health and justice to conduct research into this area. Dr Ian Marsh from Canterbury Christ Church University put forward the CCCU student internship as a means of undertaking this research. The Research and Knowledge Exchange internships at Canterbury Christ Church University allow students to work with academic staff on a specific research project. Academics apply for a research intern to work with them on research in areas which are likely to result in tangible outputs. The author of this report is a final year BSc Sociology student at Canterbury Christ Church University who worked as an intern on this project for a period of 10 weeks from May to July. The project involved an extensive literature review, along with consultation with various agencies and individuals, in order to gain a deeper insight into the emerging issues. Consultations were with the following stakeholders: • Kent and Medway Suicide Prevention Steering Group • Mental health in-reach team at HMP Elmley • The Samaritans Listener Scheme Co-ordinator • The Howard League Policy Officer • The Prisons and Probation Assistant Ombudsman • Safer Custody team for Kent This report provides a brief overview of suicides, prison suicides, and prevention - nationally and in Kent. Key themes from the literature are outlined and supported with insight from the consultations where appropriate. Recommendations are put forward where appropriate in regard to potential steps for prison suicide prevention in Kent. Project Aims The main aims of this project were to: • Review existing literature and data around prison suicides and prevention. • Meet with key stakeholders who could give a deeper insight into these issues. • Present findings to the Kent & Medway suicide prevention steering group. • Use the final report to inform relevant agencies and prison staff