Cogex: A semantically and contextually enriched logic prover for question answering

AbstractThis paper presents the architecture and functionality of a logic prover designed for question answering. The approach transforms questions and answer passages into logic representations based on syntactic, semantic and contextual information. World knowledge supplements the linguistic, ontological, and temporal axioms supplied to the prover which renders a deep understanding of the relationship between the question and answer text. The trace of the proofs provides a basis for generating human comprehensible answer justifications. The results show that the prover boosts the performance of the Question Answering system on TREC 2004 questions by 12%

Adaptation and Dissemination of a National Cancer Institute HPV Vaccine Evidence-Based Cancer Control Program to the Social Media Messaging Environment

Social media offers a unique opportunity to widely disseminate HPV vaccine messaging to reach youth and parents, given the information channel has become mainstream with 330 million monthly users in the United States and 4.2 billion users worldwide. Yet, a gap remains on how to adapt evidence-based vaccine interventions for the in vivo competitive social media messaging environment and what strategies to employ to make vaccine messages go viral. Push-pull and RE-AIM dissemination frameworks guided our adaptation of a National Cancer Institute video-based HPV vaccine cancer control program, the HPV Vaccine Decision Narratives, for the social media environment. We also aimed to understand how dissemination might differ across three platforms, namely Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter, to increase reach and engagement. Centering theory and a question-answer framework guided the adaptation process of segmenting vaccine decision story videos into shorter coherent segments for social media. Twelve strategies were implemented over 4 months to build a following and disseminate the intervention. The evaluation showed that all platforms increased following, but Instagram and TikTok outperformed Twitter on impressions, followers, engagement, and reach metrics. Although TikTok increased reach the most (unique accounts that viewed content), Instagram increased followers, engagement, and impressions the most. For Instagram, the top performer, six of 12 strategies contributed to increasing reach, including the use of videos, more than 11 hashtags, COVID-19 hashtags, mentions, and follow-for-follow strategies. This observational social media study identified dissemination strategies that significantly increased the reach of vaccine messages in a real-world competitive social media messaging environment. Engagement presented greater challenges. Results inform the planning and adaptation considerations necessary for transforming public health HPV vaccine interventions for social media environments, with unique considerations depending on the platform

Generating Single and Multi-Document Summaries with GISTEXTER

This paper presents the techniques implemented in GISTEXTER for producing extracts and abstracts from both single and multiple documents. These techniques promote the belief that highly coherent summaries may be generated when using textual information identified by the Information Extraction technology. The results of GISTEXTER in the DUC-2002 evaluations account for the advantages of using the techniques presented in this paper

From Lexical Cohesion to Textual Coherence: A Data Driven Perspective

This paper presents research that connects the cohesion structure of a text to the derivation of its coherence structure. Two different algorithms that derive the cohesion structure in the form of lexical paths from large thesauri are illustrated. Their results are correlated with (1) cue phrases of discourse usage and (2) coherence constraints empirically derived. A novel model of coherence structure is devised, based on the data provided by lexical paths from real world texts. 1 Introduction The inference of the coherence structure of a text is a major natural language processing endeavor, that has been stimulating a lot of theoretical work in the 80s, and more recently, promising computational research. It has been shown that coherence-based approaches increase the accuracy of some of the most important present applications of the language technology: information extraction and textual summarization. Moreover, coherence information is an important factor in building content-based W..

An Application of WordNet to Prepositional Attachment

This paper presents a method for word sense disambiguation and coherence understanding of prepositional relations. The method relies on information provided by WordNet 1.5. We first classify prepositional attachments according to semantic equivalence of phrase heads and then apply inferential heuristics for understanding the validity of prepositional structures. 1 Problem description In this paper, we address the problem of disambiguation and understanding prepositional attachment. The arguments of prepositional relations are automatically categorized into semantically equivalent classes of WordNet (Miller and Teibel, 1991) concepts. Then by applying inferential heuristics on each class, we establish semantic connections between arguments that explain the validity of that prepositional structure. The method uses information provided by WordNet, such as semantic relations and textual glosses. We have collected prepositional relations from the Wall Street Journal tagged articles of the..

WordNet-Based Inference of Textual Cohesion and Coherence

This paper 1 presents a computational method for the recognition of the cohesive and coherence structures of texts. A large lexical knowledge base built on top of WordNet provides with the lexico-semantic information that needs to be mined. A path-finding algorithm returns the cohesive structure of a text with results that outperform previous approaches. The lexical paths contained in the cohesive structures are used to (1) build patterns of association between cue phrases and coherence relations and (2) to find the lexical characteristics of coherence categories. Finally, the textual coherence structure is recognized by giving priority to the coherence constrains induced by cue phrases. The paper presents also the performance of building the coherence structure for several texts. Introduction In a text, a sequence of sentences tends to convey information about a certain topic, and by doing so, they use related words, providing the text with the quality of unity. This property of se..

judgments

Relevance judgments used to train and evaluate the L-PCRS system