Virtual Assessment in English Language Teaching during COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Considerations in Bangladesh Perspectives

Background: This study examines the methods of assessing the learners of English Language Teaching (ELT) learners virtually, obstacles both the teachers and students face in virtual assessment, the kind of renovations both teachers and learners have to accommodate for effective virtual assessment, and the imperative suggestions they have in terms of more fruitful and plausible assessment during COVID-19-like pandemics in the context of Bangladesh. Methodology: 10 teachers and 21 students from 5 renowned private universities in Bangladesh participated in the study. And it applied a mixed-method approach consisting of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Findings: The findings of the study revealed that all the teachers and students go through virtual assessment during the COVID-19 lockdown; the majority of them use Zoom Meeting App and Google Classroom for both summative and formative assessments in the form of mostly virtual viva voce, online assignment, and presentation; virtual assessment is time and money-saving, and has scheduled benefits; its disadvantages include, mainly, unstable internet connection across the country; and most suggest for both teachers’ and students’ training in dealing with technological devices and apps used for virtual assessment. Conclusion: The major results of the research suggest that virtual assessment in ELT in the Bangladeshi context requires substantial technological modifications and renovations. Originality: Since online assessment in ELT, like other academic disciplines, is in function in Bangladesh, better decisions on assessment methodology and, logically, more appropriate assessment policies can be formed. Conforming to this purpose, this research aims to unearth the existing challenges both teachers and learners encounter in virtual assessment and modifications recommended by them

ELT in Covid-19-Augmented-Technological-Educational Ambience at the Private Universities in Bangladesh

This study aims to examine students’ obstacles encountered and the modifications they recommended in English language teaching and learning at private universities in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Applied mixed-method approach comprised of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The findings of the study show that all participants go through virtual English language learning during the COVID-19 lockdown and the majority of them mention the difficulties to adopt a new approach in ELT suddenly, unstable network connection, costly internet data package, unskilled teachers, load shedding, mental stress, teachers’ and students’ lack of technological skills, not having technological devices and sense of remoteness as the prevailing disadvantages they face in online English language learning during COVID-19. This study also recommends that university authorities should train students and teachers concerning technological devices and uninterrupted internet network and power supply, high-speed internet, and fair assessment should be ensured. The prevalent result of the study is that online English language teaching and learning at private universities in Bangladesh require considerable pedagogical and technological modifications

COMPLEXITIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN HIGHER SECONDARY LEVEL: A STUDY OF FOUR COLLEGES IN BOGURA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH

This paper aims to explore the challenges of English language teaching in the Bogura district, Bangladesh. Although Bogura is advanced in establishing educational institutions and trades, it is still lagging in respect of the quality and consequence of English language teaching in higher secondary education. In comparison to the other subject, it seems much more difficult for both teachers and learners. Therefore, the problems of English language learning have been listed, and the result of class observation of colleges in the Bogura district has been presented. To do this study, a descriptive research design, quantitative method, and questionnaires are used. The present findings opine that the majorities depend on the exam system to just pass the exam and there is no equal chance to be skilled in four skills of the English language students. The lacking of teachers has also been detected. However, the study attempts to illuminate a scenario of the English teaching system as well as the problems and prospects of English language learning and teaching in higher secondary education

Network Route Minimization Using Time Based Interface Control

The demand for networking is increasing day by day with the progressive need of communication. As a result the communication channel and state database are increased with correspondingly. A rise in the amount of state database maintenance is one of the important cost effective issues for communication devices. The most challenging think is router state database reducing. As of now, many different types of state table accomplishments method are proposed for router state database reducing. In this purpose, we apply and modify the SPF algorithm by time based interface control. Dijkstra’s SPF algorithms searching the shortest specific link among from the all link then build a router state database table. If the state table size is little amount, then router OS using little amount of clock cycle. Some of Network interface are down for a fixed amount of time in a router. Therefore, we proposed a time based interface control method on SPF algorithm for re-build a new state database table. The modified SPF time based interfaces control algorithm suggests a new approach on dynamic routing protocol for reducing routing table size and saving router state-database size, resulting in a better convergence time

Technology-Mediated Task-Based Language Teaching at Private Universities in Bangladesh: Students' and Teachers' Perceptions

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) facilitates the process of language learning by focusing on communicative skills in real life. The English language teaching (ELT) system at the private universities of Bangladesh is trying to integrate TBLT with technology nowadays. This study aims to explore the proportion of successful implications of technology and tasks, the perceptions of teachers and learners regarding technology-mediated tasks, the challenges faced by both sides and recommendations to overcome limitations at three private universities in Bangladesh. Besides, this study identifies the task patterns used by teachers as well as the types of tasks preferred by students. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to conduct this study. Data were collected from the teachers and learners of Pundra University of Science & Technology, Bogura; Varendra University, Rajshahi; and Rabindra Maitree University, Kushtia by providing them with Google Docs semi-structured questionnaires. The teachers of the department of English, and the students of the department of English, Computer Science Engineering (CSE) and Business Administration participated in the data collection procedure. The study found that technology-mediated TBLT is implemented alongside traditional teaching methods in language teaching. Students appreciate technology-based tasks in learning a target language. They recommend more skilled and experienced teachers. Teachers suggest that financial funding and skilled IT officers are needed to implement TBLT. Poor internet connection, inadequate technological support, faulty projectors and sound systems are the difficulties faced by teachers and students

Code-Switching and Social Media in Bangladesh: Emergence of a New English

Using two or more languages in a singular context or conversation is similar to going with the flow these days, specifically on social sites. This is referred to as "code-switching" by sociolinguists. The study aims at finding out the ratio and scenario of code-switching on social media in Bangladesh, and whether a New English has emerged or not for that. The study was conducted on a randomly chosen sample population of 40 participants across the country. It applied a mixed-method approach consisting of both qualitative and quantitative research methods to conduct this study. The study collected data through a close-ended questionnaire sent to the sample population via email, Messenger, WhatsApp, and Google Docs and some relevant data in the form of screenshots from Facebook posts, comments, and messenger chats. The findings of the study show that more than half of the participants in this research does not have the proper knowledge and intention regarding code-switching, and they perform it for sheer convenience in colloquial practice and communication. However, most of the participants do not support code-switching because they are concerned about their English language efficiency. And they also assert that Code-switching does not play a major role in the emergence of new sorts of English language because there are, in truth, other reasons behind this

Influence of Rock Properties on Structural Failure Probability—Caprock Shale Examples from the Horda Platform, Offshore Norway

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Bibliometric Analysis of the E-Journal of Library Philosophy and Practice During the Period of 2014-2018

The present study is based on the Bibliometrics analysis of the articles published in Library Philosophy and Practice (E-Journal) for the period 2014–2018. During this period, a total of 1046 scholarly papers have been published by LIS researchers around the world. The study analyzes the documents based on various bibliometric aspects like year wise contribution of articles, year wise growth of publication, average publication per author, subject wise distribution of articles, the geographical distribution of articles, authorship pattern, author productivity, degree of collaboration, reference distribution pattern and length of reference distribution. In all with an average 209.2 articles were published each year and the highest numbers (421) of articles were published in 2018. From the 35 of the world contributed countries Nigeria is in top rank with 36.33% contributions. Two authorship is leading authorship trend, and also Multi-Authored has shown the unique number of contribution with the 0. 71 rates of the degree of collaboration

Influence of Depositional and Diagenetic Processes on Caprock Properties of CO2 Storage Sites in the Northern North Sea, Offshore Norway

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Artificial Neural Network-Based Caprock Structural Reliability Analysis for CO2 Injection Site—An Example from Northern North Sea

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