Impacts of the East Asian monsoon on lower tropospheric ozone over coastal South China

The impact of the East Asian monsoon (EAM) on climatology and interannual variability of tropospheric ozone (O3) over the coastal South China was investigated by analyzing 11 years of ozonesonde data over Hong Kong with the aid of Lagrangian dispersion modeling of carbon monoxide and calculation of an EAM index. It was found that the seasonal cycle of O3 in the lower troposphere is highly related to the EAM over the study region. Ozone enhancements in the free troposphere are associated with the monsoon-induced transport of pollutants of continental anthropogenic and biomass burning origins. Lower tropospheric O3 levels showed high interannual variability, with an annual averaged amplitude up to 61% of averaged concentrations in the boundary layer (0–1 km altitudes) and 49% below 3 km altitude. In spring and autumn, the interannual variability in boundary layer O3 levels was predominately influenced by the EAM intensity, with high O3 mixing ratios associated with northeasterly circulation anomalies

Relation Between Chiral Susceptibility and Solutions of Gap Equation in Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model

We study the solutions of the gap equation, the thermodynamic potential and the chiral susceptibility in and beyond the chiral limit at finite chemical potential in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. We give an explicit relation between the chiral susceptibility and the thermodynamic potential in the NJL model. We find that the chiral susceptibility is a quantity being able to represent the furcation of the solutions of the gap equation and the concavo-convexity of the thermodynamic potential in NJL model. It indicates that the chiral susceptibility can identify the stable state and the possibility of the chiral phase transition in NJL model.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, misprints are correcte

Tunable Luminescence of CeAl11O18 Based Phosphors by Replacement of (AlO)+ by (SiN)+ and Co-Doping with Eu

A series of Si-N or Eu-Li doped CeAl11O18 and CeAl12O18N phosphors are prepared by solid–state reaction. Their structure and luminescence are researched carefully. Si-N doping with the concentration less than 8% can be successfully dissolved into CeAl11O18 crystal lattice and doesn't change the matrix structure, only resulting in crystal lattice shrinkage due to the shorter bond length for Si–N bond versus Al–O bond. It is observed that blue emission gradually decreases and UV emission becomes stronger due to the gradual disappearance of OMe ions with the increase of Si-N doping. Compared with the traditional UV emitting phosphor CeMgAl11O19, Si-N doped CeAl11O18 shows better thermal stability. The crystal structure and lattice parameters of Eu-Li codoped CeAl11O18 remain unchanged due to the large tolerance of rare-earth sites. On account of the energy transfer from UV emission of Ce3+ to Eu2+, a single overlapping blue emission with high intensity is obtained in Eu-Li codoped CeAl11O18 phosphor.RST/Radiation, Science and TechnologyApplied Science