Análise das Causas Geradoras de Falhas na Logística Interna de uma Empresa Farmacêutica.

O mercado farmacêutico passa por profundas alterações desde a promulgação da Lei 9.787, também conhecida como Lei dos Genéricos, e de uma alteração na economia mundial, com a migração da fabricação dos insumos farmacêuticos para países como a China e a Índia. Os medicamentos passaram a ter um comportamento de produtos de comparação ou mesmo de conveniência, gerando alterações em toda a cadeia logística das empresas deste ramo de negócios. As cadeias logísticas das indústrias farmacêuticas passaram a ser cobradas pela velocidade de reposição de suas mercadorias, e a falta delas acarretou em perda de vendas, uma vez que o consumidor passa a buscar o princípio ativo e não mais o produto com o nome de fantasia do laboratório fabricante. Assim sendo, considerando como sendo a “falha crítica” de todo o processo produtivo o não faturamento do produto solicitado pelo cliente na data combinada, chegando ao objetivo deste trabalho: analisar, individualmente, as falhas ocorridas (o não faturamento do produto solicitado pelo cliente na data planejada) numa indústria farmacêutica, através do estudo das causas e os departamentos que deveriam ter atuado para a não ocorrência destes fatos, analisando o processo produtivo da empresa como uma cadeia logística, com seus clientes e fornecedores internos, estudado as interações e responsabilidades de forma departamentalizada e integrada, para determinação das falhas setoriais e as falhas surgidas nos “hiatos” entre os departamentos. Para isto foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação, onde foi estudado o fluxograma do processo produtivo, desde a chegada do pedido, gerado pela área Comercial, passando pelo PCP, Produção, Almoxarifado e Expedição, além das áreas de suporte, tais como Manutenção, TI, Logística e Compras. Para todo cancelamento de produto ocorrido foi estudado o motivo, possibilitando o levantamento de vários fatores. As causas das falhas serviram de orientador para as ações propostas, visando minimizar tais ocorrências. O ambiente foi limitado às fronteiras da empresa, uma vez que negociações com parceiros externos deverão ser desenvolvidas seguindo a orientação estratégica da empresa, coisa que foge do escopo do trabalho, mas que não devem ser esquecidas

Influence of transient phenomena in the discharge coefficient through the intake valve in an internal combustion engine

Paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Florida, 14-16 July 2014.The project of engine intake systems involves optimization of parameters such as the pipe length and diameter, junctions, and opening and closing times of the intake and exhaust valves. The correct sizing leads to an increase of the air mass admitted to the cylinders at the desired engine operational conditions. A suitable design of the intake valves in internal combustion engines is one of the factors that maximize the amount of intake air mass to the cylinder. The parameter that determines the maximization of the mass flow through the valves is called discharge coefficient. The mass flow through the valve is usually described by the compressible flow equation through a restriction, based on a dimensional analysis of an isentropic flow. In the present work, pressure variations caused by the valve movement were investigated experimentally considering an intake system. The objective was to study and compare the dynamic response of the flow through the intake valve. For this purpose, curves of mass flow rate and the dynamic pressure in several locations of the intake system were obtained. The experimental data were obtained from the intake system connected to a cylinder head. The cylinder head was installed in an air supply system consisted by a blower, a flow measurement device, and a reservoir chamber. The valves were driven by an electric motor with controlled rotational speed. The results showed that the correct design of the intake valve affects positively the air mass flow rate.cf201

A combination of LongSAGE with Solexa sequencing is well suited to explore the depth and the complexity of transcriptome

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>"Open" transcriptome analysis methods allow to study gene expression without <it>a priori </it>knowledge of the transcript sequences. As of now, SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression), LongSAGE and MPSS (Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing) are the mostly used methods for "open" transcriptome analysis. Both LongSAGE and MPSS rely on the isolation of 21 pb tag sequences from each transcript. In contrast to LongSAGE, the high throughput sequencing method used in MPSS enables the rapid sequencing of very large libraries containing several millions of tags, allowing deep transcriptome analysis. However, a bias in the complexity of the transcriptome representation obtained by MPSS was recently uncovered.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In order to make a deep analysis of mouse hypothalamus transcriptome avoiding the limitation introduced by MPSS, we combined LongSAGE with the Solexa sequencing technology and obtained a library of more than 11 millions of tags. We then compared it to a LongSAGE library of mouse hypothalamus sequenced with the Sanger method.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We found that Solexa sequencing technology combined with LongSAGE is perfectly suited for deep transcriptome analysis. In contrast to MPSS, it gives a complex representation of transcriptome as reliable as a LongSAGE library sequenced by the Sanger method.</p

Intensity modulated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: rigid compliance to dose-volume constraints as a warranty of acceptable toxicity?

BACKGROUND: To report the toxicity after intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for patients with localized prostate cancer, as a sole treatment or after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Between August 2001 and December 2003, 132 patients with prostate cancer were treated with IMRT and 125 were evaluable to acute and late toxicity analysis, after a minimum follow-up time of one year. Clinical and treatment data, including normal tissue dose-volume histogram (DVH) constraints, were reviewed. Gastro-intestinal (GI) and genito-urinary (GU) signs and symptoms were evaluated according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) toxicity scales. Median prescribed dose was 76 Gy. Median follow-up time was of 26.1 months. RESULTS: From the 125 patients, 73 (58.4%) presented acute Grade 1 or Grade 2 GI and 97 (77.2%) presented acute Grade 1 or Grade 2 GU toxicity. Grade 3 GI acute toxicity occurred in only 2 patients (1.6%) and Grade 3 GU acute toxicity in only 3 patients (2.4%). Regarding Grade 1 and 2 late toxicity, 26 patients (20.8%) and 21 patients (16.8%) presented GI and GU toxicity, respectively. Grade 2 GI late toxicity occurred in 6 patients (4.8%) and Grade 2 GU late toxicity in 4 patients (3.2%). None patient presented any Grade 3 or higher late toxicity. Non-conformity to DVH constraints occurred in only 11.2% of treatment plans. On univariate analysis, no significant risk factor was identified for Grade 2 GI late toxicity, but mean dose delivered to the PTV was associated to higher Grade 2 GU late toxicity (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION: IMRT is a well tolerable technique for routine treatment of localized prostate cancer, with short and medium-term acceptable toxicity profiles. According to the data presented here, rigid compliance to DHV constraints might prevent higher incidences of normal tissue complication

ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF REYNOLDS NUMBER AND MAXIMUM THICKNESS ON AN AERODYNAMIC PROFILE

Aerodynamics is the science that studies the influence of the gas movements over solid bodies. This branch of science has been target of much interest mainly because of the large use of aircrafts and auto-vehicles nowadays. Using a numerical simulation software, this paper proposes a study on the influence of Reynolds number and maximum thickness of an airfoil on the aerodynamic forces. Stall angle, Lift and Drag forces were evaluated on different conditions. Lift and Drag coefficients in function of the angle of attack were obtained numerically and compared with experimental data from literature. The results showed that the software is able to simulate the main variables that influence the aerodynamics of NACA profiles with limitations. Keywords: Lift, Drag, NACA profile, Aerodynamics, XFLR