507 research outputs found
Provably Safe Reinforcement Learning via Action Projection using Reachability Analysis and Polynomial Zonotopes
While reinforcement learning produces very promising results for many
applications, its main disadvantage is the lack of safety guarantees, which
prevents its use in safety-critical systems. In this work, we address this
issue by a safety shield for nonlinear continuous systems that solve
reach-avoid tasks. Our safety shield prevents applying potentially unsafe
actions from a reinforcement learning agent by projecting the proposed action
to the closest safe action. This approach is called action projection and is
implemented via mixed-integer optimization. The safety constraints for action
projection are obtained by applying parameterized reachability analysis using
polynomial zonotopes, which enables to accurately capture the nonlinear effects
of the actions on the system. In contrast to other state-of-the-art approaches
for action projection, our safety shield can efficiently handle input
constraints and dynamic obstacles, eases incorporation of the spatial robot
dimensions into the safety constraints, guarantees robust safety despite
process noise and measurement errors, and is well suited for high-dimensional
systems, as we demonstrate on several challenging benchmark systems
Q-switched laser damage of infrared nonlinear materials
Q-switched laser-damage thresholds have been determined for six materials (proustite β Ag3AsS3, pyrargyrite β Ag3SbS3, cinnabar β HgS, silver thiogallate β AgGaS2, tellurium β Te, and gallium arsenide β GaAs) of interest for nonlinear optics in the medium infrared. Four TEM00 mode lasers were employed with outputs at wavelengths of 694 nm, 1.06, 2.098, and 10.6 Β΅m. Damage has been found to be confined to the surface of the crystals and occurs for radiation intensities between 3 and 75 MW/cm2. Particular care is needed in the cutting and polishing of tellurium crystals if a high-damage threshold is to be achieved
ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΠ€ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅
The article describes the method of calculating the inverse FFT N-point sequence with a N-point complex FFT, also the implementation of similar approach for computing on multi-core computing architecture. The main quality parameters of similar organization such as speedup and efficiency of computing resources were analyzed
Sensitive HPV detection in oropharyngeal cancers.
BACKGROUND: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the aetiological agents of certain benign and malignant tumours of skin and mucosae; the most important of which is cervical cancer. Also, the incidence of ano-genital warts, HPV-anal cancer and oropharyngeal cancers are rising. To help ascertain a useful PCR detection protocol for oropharyngeal cancers, we directly compared three commonly used primer sets in detection of HPV from different clinical samples. METHODS: We compared PGMY09/11, MY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primers sets in PCRs of 34 clinically diagnosed samples of genital warts, cervical brushings (with associated histological diagnosis) and vulval biopsies. All negative samples were subsequently tested using the previously reported PGMY/GP PCR method and amplicons directly sequenced for confirmation and typing. An optimised PCR protocol was then compared to a line blot assay for detection of HPV in 15 oropharyngeal cancer samples. RESULTS: PGMY09/11 primers detected HPV presence in more cervical brushing (100%) and genital wart (92.9%) samples compared to MY09/11 (90% and 64.3%) and GP5+/6+ (80% and 64.3%) primer sets, respectively. From vulval biopsies, HPV detection rates were: MY09/11 (63.6%), GP5+/6+ (54.5%) and PGMY09/11 (54.5%). PGMY/GP nested PCR demonstrated that HPV was present, and direct sequencing confirmed genotypes. This nested PCR protocol showed detection of HPV in 10/15 (66.7%) of oropharyngeal cancer samples. CONCLUSIONS: PGMY09/11 primers are the preferred primer set among these three for primary PCR screening with different clinical samples. MY09/11 and GP5+/6+ may be used (particularly for cervical samples) but demonstrate lower detection rates. A nested PCR approach (i.e. a PGMY-GP system) may be required to confirm negativity or to detect low levels of HPV, undetectable using current primary PCR methods, as demonstrated using oropharyngeal cancer samples.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are
Portfolio Vol. II N 3
Jeffers, Robinson. From \u27The Beaks of Eagles\u27 . Poem. 6.
Clement, Harry. Mr. Bigger Tries Faith . Prose. 7.
Shaw, A.A. Students of Denison . Prose. 9
Deweerd, H.A. New German War Prophets . Prose. 11.
West, Bill C. Reproach . Poem. 14.
West, Bill C. Dilemma . Poem. 14.
Manship, Paul. Dancer and Gazelles . Picture. 14.
Saunders, Paul. Review of New Books . Prose. 15.
Smith, Bob. Review of New Records . Prose. 15.
Picasso, Pablo. Nude (Pink) . Picture. 16.
Korbel, Mario. The Andante . Picture. 16.
Bethune, Don. Review of \u27Susan and God\u27 . Prose. 17.
Baily, Bernard. Thornton Wilder\u27s \u27Out Town Reviewed . 17.
Maxwell, Robert. Reflections . Poem. 18.
Carter, Clarence Holbrook. July . Picture. 18.
Browne, Phil. The Drag . Picture. 2.
Browne, Phil. A Faithful Servant . Prose. 19.
Hanna, Stanley. Jazz . Poem. 20.
Hanna, Stanley. M.A. . Poem. 20.
Whistler, James McNeill. Rotherhithe .
Wager, Dick. Black . Poem. 22.
Wager, Dick. Ruthless . Poem. 22.
Wager, Dick. Train . Poem. 22.
Martindale, Virginia. Song of a Cynic . Poem. 22.
Blazys, Alexander. Russian Dancers . Picture. 22.
Price II, Ira. The Rains Fell . Prose. 5
Π£ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅
Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π² Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ.In the article address the formation and functioning of the conditions, as well as story development of large industrial and corporate structures, becoming diversification in Ukraine. Proposes approaches assessing impact of the process of diversification, using of different methods. Proved that the current performance assessment process of diversification can only be indirect mathematical methods
'Silence bleeds': Hamlet across borders : The Shakespearean Adaptations of Sulayman Al-Bassam
Original article can be found at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713734315~db=all Copyright Informa / Taylor and FrancisThis article addresses the writing and performance work of Anglo-Kuwaiti director Sulayman Al-Bassam, tracing the development of his various adaptations of Shakespeare's Hamlet into English and Arabic 'cross-cultural' versions between 2001 and 2007. Al-Bassam's work presents English as a 'language in translation'. His works move from early modern to modern English, from Arabized English to Arabic, from one linguistic and geographical location to another, their forms moulded and remoulded by complex cultural pressures. The study focuses on specific examples from three adaptations to show in practice how in these works English is 'constantly crossed, challenged and contested'Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio
Landau level mixing and spin degeneracy in the quantum Hall effect
We study dynamics of electrons in a magnetic field using a network model with
two channels per link with random mixing in a random intrachannel potential;
the channels represent either two Landau levels or two spin states. We consider
channel mixing as function of the energy separation of the two extended states
and show that its effect changes from repulsion to attraction as the energy
separation increases. For two Landau levels this leads to level floating at low
magnetic fields while for Zeeman split spin states we predict level attraction
at high magnetic fields, accounting for ESR data. We also study random mixing
of two degenerate channels, while the intrachannel potential is periodic
(non-random). We find a single extended state with a localization exponent
for real scattering at nodes; the general case has also a
single extended state, though the localized nature of nearby states sets in at
unusually large scales.Comment: 18 pages, 11 tex-files and 1 ps-file of figure
Portfolio Vol. I N 3
Sweitzer, Harry J. Portfolio Goes to Press . Prose. 1.
Browne, Phil. William Howard Doane Library . Picture. 2.
Overhuls, James. Out of Himself . Prose. 3.
MacNeill, Annie Marie. To President and Mrs. Shaw . Poem. 6.
Baker, George. Saint in a Silo . Prose 7.
Beckham, Adela. In Moods . Poem. 8.
Vincent, Charles. Incident of August 7, 1930. Prose. 9.
Flory, Doris. Opinions . Poem. 10.
Flory, Doris. Thoughts in Spring . Poem. 10.
Flory, Doris. Breakfast Scene . Poem. 10.
Shaw, Robert B. A Date for the Dances . Prose. 11.
Cronberger, Barbara. And the Years Go On . Prose. 13.
Hanna, Stanley. Reola, Reola . Poem. 14.
Hanna, Stanley. The Dance of the Kobolds . Poem. 14.
Nadel, Norman. I died Last Night . Prose. 15.
Bethune, Don S. Adolescence . Poem 16.
Vodev, Eugene. The Black Day of Bulgaria . Prose. 17.
Dick, Pewilla. To a White Violet . Poem. 18.
Dick, Pewilla. As With Your Shadow . Poem. 18.
Dwelly, Thorndike. Of Mice and Men . Prose. 19.
Clements, Helen. Our Town . Prose. 19.
Schlle, Alice. Marion is an Old Costume . Picture. 20.
Chadeayne, Robert. Factory . Picture. 20.
Nadel, Norman. Dmitri Shostakovitch . Prose. 21.
Stewart, John. Duke Ellington\u27s Records . Prose. 21.
Beck, Virginia. The Dance as an Art . Prose. 22.
Dick, Pewilla. Death . Poem. 23.
Flory, Doris. On Reforms . Poem. 24.
Beckham, Adela. The Lie . Poem. 24.
Bethune, Don. Futility . Poem. 24
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