EKSISTENSI SURAT WASIAT DIBAWAH TANGAN TERHADAP ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM

Kedudukan anak angkat dalan hukum Islam tidak di anggap sebagai anak kandung. Hal ini menjadikan anak angkat tidak mempunyai hak mewaris terhadap harta warisan orang tua angkatnya. Akan tetapi dalam hukum Islam membolehkan pemberian berbagai bentuk bantuan atau jaminan hidup oleh orang tua angkat kepada anak angkatnya, salah satunya dengan jalan surat wasiat dibawah tangan. Terkait latar belakang yang telah diuraikan di atas, terdapat permasalahan yang diangkat penulis, yaitu bagaimanakah eksistensi surat wasiat dibawah tangan menurut perspektif hukum Islam dan bagaimanakah perlindungan waris terhadap anak angkat berdasarkan surat wasiat dibawah tangan menurut hukum Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian masalah yang diangkat untuk memperoleh pemahaman eksistensi surat wasiat dibawah tangan dalam perspektif hukum Islam dan untuk memahami perlindungan waris terhadap anak angkat berdasarkan surat wasiat dibawah tangan menurut hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer, yaitu dengan wawancara langsung. Spesifikasi penelitian dalam penelitian hukum ini bersifat analitis kualitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Eksistensi Surat wasiat dalam hukum Islam dapat berupa lisan mau pun tertulis dibawah tangan dengan syarat harus di saksikan oleh dua orang saksi. Wasiat hukumnya wajib dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan Q.S Al Baqarah ayat 108,181,182. Berwasiat kepada anak angkat tidak boleh melebihi sepertiga dari harta peninggalan, agar dapat berlaku adil kepada ahli waris dan tidak merasa dirugikan. Perlindungan waris terhadap anak angkat berdasarkan surat wasiat dibawah tangan yang melebihi sepertiga maka harus diselesaikan dengan cara dikurangi sampai sepertiga atau diminta kesediaan semua ahli waris menyatakan ikhlas atas kelebihan dari sepertiga dan dapat juga diminta penetapan Pengadilan Agama dengan jalan wasiat wajibah, dengan demikian tujuan melindungi kepentingan anak angkat agar terjamin keperluan hidupnya tetap tercapai

Treatment of a System with Explicitly Broken Gauge Symmetries

A system in which the free part of the action possesses a gauge symmetry that is not respected by the interacting part presents problems when quantized. We illustrate how the Dirac constraint formalism can be used to address this difficulty by considering an antisymmetric tensor field interacting with a spinor field.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX2e, typos correcte

Variability and Association Studies in Tomato Germplasm under High-Temperature Arid Region

Genetic variability and correlation studies were carried out for 12 traits in 23 genotypes of tomato grown during spring-summer of 2009 under hot, arid agro-climatic conditions. Genetic variability, heritability and expected genetic advance revealed significant differences for all the traits studied. PCV and GCV were high for fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, plant height and fruit yield per plant. High heritability with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for yield per plant (93.2%) as also for average fruit weight (92.8%), number of fruits per plant (73.4%) and plant height (50.1%) indicating the role of additive gene effects and for effectiveness of selecting for these traits. Correlation studies revealed that fruit yield had significant positive correlation with fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant, both at the genotypic and phenotypic levels, indicating mutual association of these traits. Negative correlation of days to flowering and days to first harvest on yield per plant suggested indirect selection for earliness for yield improvement

Pengaruh E-Service Quality Dan E-Security Seals Terhadap E-Satisfaction Melalui Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen E-Commerce (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Lazada Indonesia)

This study aims to determine the influence of e-service quality and e-security seals as x variable to e-satisfaction as y variable through z variable, buying decision. Type of research is explanatory research, used non-probability sampling to 100 of sample which were consumer of Lazada used purposive sampling. This research used simple regression, and multiple regresion as analysis methods, using t test as hypothesis instrument and Sobel Test as mediator instrument .The result shows e-service quality has positive influential of 0,536 to buying decision. E-security seals has positive influential of 0,680 to buying decision. Buying decision has positive influential to e-satisfaction. By the result of Sobel Test obtained between e-service quality and e-satisfaction through buying decision is 5,21131796 t sum by p-value is 0,00000019. Between e-security seals and e-satisfaction through buying decision using t sum in Sobel Test is 4,90327428 by p-value is 0,00000094

Higher-order cover cuts from zero–one knapsack constraints augmented by two-sided bounding inequalities

AbstractExtending our work on second-order cover cuts [F. Glover, H.D. Sherali, Second-order cover cuts, Mathematical Programming (ISSN: 0025-5610 1436-4646) (2007), doi:10.1007/s10107-007-0098-4. (Online)], we introduce a new class of higher-order cover cuts that are derived from the implications of a knapsack constraint in concert with supplementary two-sided inequalities that bound the sums of sets of variables. The new cuts can be appreciably stronger than the second-order cuts, which in turn dominate the classical knapsack cover inequalities. The process of generating these cuts makes it possible to sequentially utilize the second-order cuts by embedding them in systems that define the inequalities from which the higher-order cover cuts are derived. We characterize properties of these cuts, design specialized procedures to generate them, and establish associated dominance relationships. These results are used to devise an algorithm that generates all non-dominated higher-order cover cuts, and, in particular, to formulate and solve suitable separation problems for deriving a higher-order cut that deletes a given fractional solution to an underlying continuous relaxation. We also discuss a lifting procedure for further tightening any generated cut, and establish its polynomial-time operation for unit-coefficient cuts. A numerical example is presented that illustrates these procedures and the relative strength of the generated non-redundant, non-dominated higher-order cuts, all of which turn out to be facet-defining for this example. Some preliminary computational results are also presented to demonstrate the efficacy of these cuts in comparison with lifted minimal cover inequalities for the underlying knapsack polytope