Mobile-based Telemedicine Application using SVD and F-XoR Watermarking for Medical Images

منصة الخدمات الطبية عبارة عن تطبيق متنقل يتم من خلاله تزويد المرضى بتشخيصات الأطباء بناءً على المعلومات المستقاة من الصور الطبية. يجب ألا يتم تبديل محتوى هذه النتائج التشخيصية بشكل غير قانوني أثناء النقل ويجب إعادته إلى المريض الصحيح. في هذه المقالة، نقدم حلاً لهذه المشكلات باستخدام علامة مائية عمياء وقابلة للانعكاس وهشة استنادًا إلى مصادقة صورة المضيف. في الخوارزمية المقترحة، يتم استخدام الإصدار الثنائي من ترميز بوس_شوهوري _هوكوينجهام (BCH) للتقرير الطبي للمريض (PMR) والصورة الطبية الثنائية للمريض (PMI) بعد استخدام الغامض الحصري أو (F-XoR) لإنتاج العلامة الفريدة للمريض باستخدام مخطط المشاركة السرية (SSS). يتم استخدامه لاحقًا كعلامة مائية ليتم تضمينها في مضيف (PMI) باستخدام خوارزمية تحليل القيمة المفرد (SVD) العمياء القائمة على العلامة المائية. وهو حل جديد اقترحناه أيضًا بتطبيق SVD على صورة العلامة المائية العمياء. تحافظ الخوارزمية الخاصة بنا على مصادقة محتوى (PMI) أثناء النقل وملكية (PMR) للمريض لنقل التشخيص المصاحب فيما بعد إلى المريض الصحيح عبر تطبيق التطبيب عن بعد المحمول. يستخدم تقييم الخوارزمية لدينا علامات مائية مسترجعة توضح النتائج الواعدة لمقاييس الأداء العالية مقارنتا مع نتائج الاعمال السابقة في مقاييس الكشف عن التزوير وإمكانية الاسترداد الذاتي، مع قيمة 30NB PSNR، قيمة NC هي 0.99.A medical- service platform is a mobile application through which patients are provided with doctor’s diagnoses based on information gleaned from medical images. The content of these diagnostic results must not be illegitimately altered during transmission and must be returned to the correct patient. In this paper, we present a solution to these problems using blind, reversible, and fragile watermarking based on authentication of the host image. In our proposed algorithm, the binary version of the Bose_Chaudhuri_Hocquengham (BCH) code for patient medical report (PMR) and binary patient medical image (PMI) after fuzzy exclusive or (F-XoR) are used to produce the patient's unique mark using secret sharing schema (SSS). The patient’s unique mark is used later as a watermark to be embedded into host PMI using blind watermarking-based singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm. This is a new solution that we also proposed to applying SVD into a blind watermarking image. Our algorithm preserves PMI content authentication during the transmission and PMR ownership to the patient for subsequently transmitting associated diagnosis to the correct patient via a mobile telemedicine application. The performance of experimental results is high compare to previous results, uses recovered watermarks demonstrating promising results in the tamper detection metrics and self-recovery capability, with 30db PSNR, NC value is 0.99

Physical and Electrical Properties of Trimetallic Nitride Template Endohedral Metallofullerenes and their Polymer Nanocomposites

The main objective of this study was characterization of pure metallic nitride fullerene, MNF, and MNF containing polymers to evaluate these materials as suitable devices for tunable applications. Polymer-fullerene nanocomposites consisting of linear polyurethane (PU) segments crosslinked via polyhydroxylated fullerenes (C60 and Sc3N@C80, a metallic nitride fullerene) were prepared and characterized for their mechanical and dielectric properties using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and broadband dielectric spectroscopic techniques. Polyhydroxylated fullerenes C60(OH)29 and Sc3N@C80(OH)18 were synthesized in a high yield through a solid-state high sheer ball-milling procedure and were characterized using a verity of techniques, such as FT-R, mass spectroscopy (MS) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), to elucidate their structures. A difunctional isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was prepared from the reaction of poly(tetramethylene oxide) glycol (PTMO, ∼2000 g/mol) and methylene bis(4-isocyanatobenzene) (MDI) followed by the addition of the crosslinking fullerene agent. Fullerene-polymer networks [C60-PU and Sc3N@C80-PU] having high gel fractions and good mechanical properties and thermal stabilities were produced. Dynamic mechanical analyses of (C60 or Sc3N@C80)-PU networks indicated a glass transition temperature, Tg, of -50°C with a sub-Tg relaxation due to local chain motions. Broadband dielectric spectroscopic analyses of the nanoparticles prior to incorporation into the networks revealed one relaxation and large ϵ\u27 values in hydroxylated C60 relative to unfunctionalized C60. The analogous hydroxylated Sc3N@C80 exhibited two relaxations, and the extra relaxation may be due to reorientations of cage-encapsulated Sc3N clusters. Permittivity values (ϵ\u27) for Sc3N@C80-PU were found to be higher than the corresponding values for C60-PU, likely because of the rotationally mobile dipoles. For temperature \u3c 0°C there was a dielectric loss peak due to the glass transition of the PU matrix and another at a lower temperature due to short range chain motions. The loss-frequency spectra of all prepared samples were analyzed sing the Kramers-Kronig transformation and Havriliak-Negami (HN) equation to extract information about relaxation processes taken place in these samples. Capacitance-voltage characteristics of the fullerene-PUs did not show any significant change with the applied dc bias voltage in the range of our instrument window (-30 to +30 volt). A general conclusion is that this class of materials can be rendered quite polarizable

A Proposed Systematic Framework for Applying Hoshin Kanri Strategic Planning Methodology in Educational Institutions

Hoshin Kanri is a methodology that was developed in Japan in the late 1960s. Now, it has become an essential component in numerous institutions that are implementing new management systems and concepts such as Balanced Scorecard (BSC), TQM, and Lean Management or Six Sigma. Hoshin Kanri is a management method used for reinforcing strategic work. In spite of a number of Hoshin Kanri success stories in many sectors and a variety of institutions, little research attention has been given to the implementation of Hoshin Kanri methodology in educational institutions. This research supports an increased focus on Hoshin Kanri methodology in Strategic Planning for educational institutions. The main aim of this paper is to propose a systematic framework for applying Hoshin Kanri strategic planning methodology in educational institutions. In achieving this aim, the meaning and origins of Hoshin Kanri were defined, the foundations of Hoshin Kanri planning methodology were analyzed, the factors influencing the implementation of Hoshin Kanri planning in educational institutions were discussed, and a structured process for implementing Hoshin Kanri planning in educational institutions was developed

Production Lot Sizing Problem with the Lead Time

The issue in lot sizing problem is to plan production processes, so that mean the production quantities must be equal to customer demand quantities such that the inventory cost and setup production cost is minimized. In this work, we use the model Multi Level Capacitated Lot Sizing problem with consideration the Lead times, which means that the problem of finding a feasible solution is complex. For this, we propose a new formula in comparison with the classic model. The efficiency of the new formula is demonstrated and infeasible solutions are solved by a heuristic method that's based on Lagrangian relaxation. Computational tests conducted in 1000 instances with up to 40 components and 16 periods have shown that optimal solutions were obtained on average 96.43% of the large instances. For the improvement of the best solution, the heuristic is able to find the efficiency with 97.62% on average. The solution quality is evaluated through initial iterations, the average solution time provided by Lagrangian relaxation is less than 0.43s

Strategic Approach for Developing World-Class Universities in Egypt

In the past decade, the term “world-class university” “WCU” - also called “globally competitive universities”, “world-class”, “elite”, or “flagship” universities- has become a catch phrase, not simply for improving the quality of learning and research in higher education but also, more important, for developing the capacity to compete in the global higher education marketplace through the acquisition and creation of advanced knowledge. The main objectives of   paper is to propose a strategic approach for developing world-class universities in  Egypt, to achieve this objective the paper starts by attempting to construct an operational definition of a world class university. It then outlines the features of world class University, the requirements of the transformation into a world-class universities, the challenges involved in achieving world class universities, and the key problems and challenges of the Egyptian higher education system. Finally. The selected statistical population of the research are Higher Education experts [N=57], and a mix methods of conducting a questionnaire and interviews are used. The research questions are: 1- What does it mean to be a world-class university? 2-What are the essential features and characteristics of world-class university?3-How does the ecosystem influence the performance of universities?4-What are the present performance, problems and challenges of the Egyptian higher education system ? 5-What are the higher education reform initiatives in Egypt? 6-What are the requirements that could upgrade public Egyptian universities to world class universities? 7- What are the existing challenges of developing world-class universities?8-What Strategic approach is developed for Egypt to develop its world-class universities ? One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test is used to analyze the data. Results: The result obtained in the study is to use the collaborative approach rather than to upgrade the present universities or create or merge. Key words: World-class universities, global university rankings, higher education, Egypt

Relationship between Body Mass Index and in-hospital Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients at a Selected Critical Care Unit of a University Hospital - Egypt.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is acute and catastrophic event. It is one of the leading causes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multiple risk factors were found to be responsible for the occurrence of MI; among these factors are overweight and obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and in-hospital outcomes among acute myocardial infarction patients at a selected critical care unit of a university hospital. Two research questions were formulated:1- What is the body mass index profile of acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to a selected critical care unit of a university hospital?; and 2: What is the relationship between body mass index and different in-hospital outcomes of acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to a selected critical care unit of a university hospital?. A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized. The current study was conducted at a selected critical care unit of a university hospital, in Egypt. A sample of convenience including 60 adult male and female patients was included in the current study. Two tools were developed by the researcher and utilized to collect data pertinent to the current study: Socio-demographic and medical data sheet which covers data about patients’ age, gender, diagnosis, body weight, height, length of ICU stay, past medical history, current or recent smoking, and at home medications; and Patient’s assessment sheet which was developed based on Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network (ACTION) Registry-Get with the Guidelines (GWTG). It covers data such as: patients’ presentation; laboratory findings; reperfusion strategy; medications within 24 hours of admission and at discharge; discharge intervention and in- hospital outcomes. Results: males represented the great majority (90%) of the studied sample. They had different BMI categories: overweight, grade I, and grade II obesity, in percentages of 33.3%, 30%, and 25% respectively, with a mean BMI of 31.52+ 4.96. No significant statistical relationship was found between BMI and gender. The studied group admitted as a result of acute anterior MI, acute inferior MI, and acute unspecific MI, in percentages of 45%, 30%& 25% respectively. No significant statistical relationship was found between BMI and diagnosis. Around two thirds of the studied group (58.2%) experienced different in hospital problems/outcomes: recurrent MI attacks (26.7%), cardiogenic shock (18.3%), C.V.S (6.6%), and Death (6.6%). High significant statistical relationship was found between BMI and in-hospital outcomes (Chi square = 46.13 at p<0.004). Based on findings of the present study it can be concluded that the majority of acute myocardial infarction patients had above normal BMI values ranging from over weight to the third grade obesity (in the current study), and obviously was significantly related to the adverse in hospital outcomes. Therefore, the current study recommends, the important role of the critical care nurse in monitoring myocardial infarction patients’ nutritional status through assessing their body mass index, thus providing individualized in hospital / at discharge instructions, which could enhance patients’ outcomes, and reduce complications. Key words: Acute Myocardial Infarction, Body Mass Index, Risk factors, In- hospital patients’ outcomes

Strategic Future Directions for Developing STEM Education in Higher Education in Egypt as a Driver of Innovation Economy

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education has been achieving growing international attention. As the world economy is becoming more diversified and dependent on innovation, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) skills and expertise are progressively more needed for competition and development. Egyptian students are less competitive with other countries in STEM fields. With this new movement in education to focus more on STEM, Egyptian policymakers need to develop strategic future directions for developing STEM education in higher education in Egypt as a driver of innovation economy. The main objective of this paper is to propose strategic future directions for developing STEM education in higher education in Egypt as a driver of innovation economy, to achieve this objective the paper starts by outlining historical perspective regarding the roots of STEM education, and then followed up with the attempt to conceptualize and define the basic terms of the paper. It then outlined the features of STEM education as a national priority, since it is a driver of innovation economy. The contemporary current status of STEM education efforts in Egypt was analyzed by utilizing SWOT analysis. Finally, strategic future directions for developing STEM education in higher education in Egypt were proposed. Keywords: STEM education, Innovation Economy

A Suggested Strategic Roadmap for Public Egyptian Universities to Adopt and Adapt to the Requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0 to Prepare Students for the Future Labor Market

Currently, the world is facing an unprecedented challenge which is “youth bulge” with a high rate of unemployment. It is argued that the employability challenges will be compounded by the impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and Society 5.0, and “Open talent economy” is the new economy replacing traditional permanent employees with talented “free lancers” to perform the required work from anywhere in the world. Currently, institutions around the world prefer to employ those who have skills for specific projects. Gig economy primarily depends on two forms of work: “crowd work” and “work on-demand”. In addition, in the last five years, "artificial intelligence" (AI) has begun to replace people in many of routine jobs, and will continue to replace people in new unimaginable jobs that may arise in the future due to the continuous developments of smart technologies. Accordingly, universities all over the world will face a new problem of preparing students for a new way of life and work with a somewhat uncertain future in the coming era that involves a new industrial revolution whose repercussions are unprecedented.Accordingly, there is increasing trend that calls for the necessity of preparing a flexible or liquid workforce able to constantly adapt itself to the requirements of fast-changing labor market, and establishing a culture of flexibility in moving between businesses according to the needs of the labor market which witnessed the emergence of new types of labor across the world. If universities failed to align employability competences with the requirements of 4IR and Society 5.0, the unemployment gap will increase. Thus, the main objective of this study is to propose a strategic roadmap for public Egyptian universities to adopt and adapt to the requirements of the fourth industrial revolution and society 5.0 to prepare students for the future labor market. To achieve this objective, the author adopted both descriptive and exploratory research design, and used mixed methods research approach. Since the requirements of 4IR and Society 5.0 and Gig economy do not depend on national educational institutions that operate in accordance with national standards, but reliance is on the standards set by transnational "digital institutions" and platform companies, so the national contexts will have minor influence on practices and structure of university education systems, therefore the suggested strategic proposal may be applied by many universities in different educational contexts. Keywords: The Fourth Industrial Revolution; Society 5.0; Strategic Roadmap; Education 4.0; Work 4.0; Egyptian Universities; Gig economy. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-29-03 Publication date:October 31st 202

Public Universities Faculty and Leaders' Perspectives on the Role of Public Egyptian Universities in Developing National Innovation System

This paper describes university faculty and leaders' perspectives on the role of Public Egyptian universities in developing national innovation system(NIS), as universities are often cited as a critical institutional actors in national innovation systems, most of the literature on national innovation systems defines them as the institutions and actors that are critical for the creation, development, and diffusion of innovations. This qualitative study is based on interviews with 73 University Faculty and Leaders in  Egypt, finds possible advantages for Public Egyptian universities to develop national innovation system, as well as a number of barriers that hinder the Public Egyptian universities to develop national innovation system. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the relevance of innovation systems to economic growth , analyze the Egyptian NIS beginning with a brief introduction of the role of innovation and an examination of the elements that comprise national innovation systems, interaction between various actors involved, and shows how the Public Egyptian universities are important players in developing the National Innovation System. One important theme in this paper is to define the challenges that faces the Public Egyptian universities to substantially support NIS. Three existing Frameworks ( “Mode 2 ” ,”Triple Helix” and “Entrepreneurial University) to explain the significance of universities linkages to NIS  are discussed, and the context of developing innovation systems in Egypt and the government initiatives in that regard will be explored. Keywords: Innovation ,National Innovation System; Egyptian universities; knowledge Innovation; education reform;  Mode 2;  Triple Helix

Strategic Alternatives for Transforming Public Egyptian Universities to World-Class Universities

In the past decade, the term “world-class university (WCU)” - also called “globally competitive universities”, “world-class”, “elite”, or “flagship” universities- has become a catch phrase. This is simply not only for improving the quality of learning and research in higher education, but is also more significant for developing the competency to compete in the global higher education marketplace through the acquisition and formation of advanced knowledge. The main objective of this paper is to propose strategic alternatives for transforming public Egyptian universities to world-class universities. In achieving this objective, the paper starts by attempting to construct an operational definition of a world-class university. Then, it outlines the features of world-class university, the requirements for transformation into world-class universities, the challenges involved in achieving world-class universities, and the key problems and challenges of the Egyptian higher education system. Finally, the selected statistical population of the research include higher education experts [N=57]. Thus, a mix method of using a questionnaire and conducting interviews were used. The research questions are: 1- What does it mean for a university to be a world-class university? 2-What are the essential features and characteristics of a world-class university? 3-How does the ecosystem influence the performance of universities? 4-What are the present performance, problems, and challenges of the Egyptian higher education system? 5-What are the higher education reform initiatives in Egypt? 6-What are the requirements that could upgrade public Egyptian universities to world-class universities? 7- What are the existing challenges of developing world-class universities? 8-What strategic alternatives have been developed for transforming public Egyptian universities to world-class universities? Therefore, one-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used to analyze the data. In addition, the result obtained in the study shows the use of collaborative strategic alternative rather than to upgrade the present Public universities, or create or merge them together