Near-Optimal Active Learning of Halfspaces via Query Synthesis in the Noisy Setting

In this paper, we consider the problem of actively learning a linear classifier through query synthesis where the learner can construct artificial queries in order to estimate the true decision boundaries. This problem has recently gained a lot of interest in automated science and adversarial reverse engineering for which only heuristic algorithms are known. In such applications, queries can be constructed de novo to elicit information (e.g., automated science) or to evade detection with minimal cost (e.g., adversarial reverse engineering). We develop a general framework, called dimension coupling (DC), that 1) reduces a d-dimensional learning problem to d-1 low dimensional sub-problems, 2) solves each sub-problem efficiently, 3) appropriately aggregates the results and outputs a linear classifier, and 4) provides a theoretical guarantee for all possible schemes of aggregation. The proposed method is proved resilient to noise. We show that the DC framework avoids the curse of dimensionality: its computational complexity scales linearly with the dimension. Moreover, we show that the query complexity of DC is near optimal (within a constant factor of the optimum algorithm). To further support our theoretical analysis, we compare the performance of DC with the existing work. We observe that DC consistently outperforms the prior arts in terms of query complexity while often running orders of magnitude faster.Comment: Accepted by AAAI 201

Complexity and Behind the Horizon Cut Off

Motivated by $T{\overline T}$ deformation of a conformal field theory we compute holographic complexity for a black brane solution with a cut off using "complexity=action" proposal. In order to have a late time behavior consistent with Lloyd's bound one is forced to have a cut off behind the horizon whose value is fixed by the boundary cut off. Using this result we compute holographic complexity for two dimensional AdS solutions where we get expected late times linear growth. It is in contrast with the naively computation which is done without assuming the cut off where the complexity approaches a constant at the late time.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures, refs added, contribution of a counter term is added, minor correction, the final conclusion is not change

The Relationship between Personality Type (extrovert and introvert) and Organizational Commitment: a study on employees of Shahid Bahonar hospital, Kerman

Background: Personality type is a model for the reality of individuals. One of the most common classifications for human character used by psychologists is introvert and extrovert personality. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from 493 employees, 215 ones were selected. Data collection tools were Makiabadi personality type questionnaire (2011) and Porter Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (1974). One sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to determine the normality of data and Pearson correlation test was used to examine the research hypotheses. Data analysis was performed through SPSS20. Results: There was a significant relation between introvert personality and organizational commitment (P=0.015), but there was no relation between extrovert personality and organizational commitment (P= 0.264). In addition, there was a significant difference between male and female employees' organizational commitment, so that women had more organizational commitment than men (P=0.004). Conclusion: In order to improve organization performance, it is suggested to consider job features as well as employees' personality characteristics, abilities and skills in planning organization strategies

Stimulated quantum phase slips from weak electromagnetic radiations in superconducting nanowires

We study the rate of quantum phase slips in an ultranarrow superconducting nanowire exposed to weak electromagnetic radiations. The superconductor is in the dirty limit close to the superconducting-insulating transition, where fluxoids move in strong dissipation. We use a semiclassical approach and show that external radiation stimulates a significant enhancement in the probability of quantum phase slips. This can help to outline a new type of detector for microwave to submillimetre radiations based on stimulated quantum phase slip phenomenon.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

Morphological Characterization of Gadik Sheep in North East Part of Afghanistan

The Gadik sheep, the local breed in Afghanistan, is reared mainly for meat. The sheep is a native breed in Badakhshan and Panjshir provinces of Afghanistan and has good adaptation to cold weather and mountainous regions. It also plays a vital role in the income of households, this study investigated the documentation and morphological traits of the sheep, a survey was conducted during the research that examined the sheep\u27s habitat, body biometry, management procedures, and reproductive and productive performance. To examine the sheep\u27s morphological characteristics, 40 sheep 20 ewes and 20 rams from one to four years old had their morphological features measured. Morphological characteristics that are included in measurements are: head and neck traits; back and tail traits; teats and testes; height, length, and depth traits; coat covert; and coloring. Gadik had a characteristically three-color coat: brown, white, and black. All data were collected from 40 flocks, with an average of 28.1±1.9 heads per flock. They lambed twins at about 45.0±3.33% and remain single, and they also followed a restricted breeding pattern, i.e., they got just one lambing per year in the spring but others lambed twice per year. The flocks graze for 10±0.2 h daily during the summer. Shearing was done twice a year, in spring and fall, with an average wool production of 0.4±0.02 kg/clip animal. Gadik is a small breed among other sheep breeds in Afghanistan and possesses a small, thin, short-tail sheep with an average weight of 25.35±0.0 kg (males: 26.6±0.40 kg; females: 24.1±0.40 kg) and a slightly convex nose. Males had horns, Females were hornless. Birth weight averaged 1.2±4.39 kg. The average body length was 50.85±0.03 cm. Sex and age were important contributors to differences in most traits; however, location differences also affected a few of the traits. Location differences existed for weight traits, and animals at Wiyar and Bashar were slightly bigger and heavier as compared to Shedoj, Dashar, and Sarchashma villages. Animals had medium-sized heads with a slightly bulging forehead, a tapering face, and shining eyes. Rams carried horns, 21.9±0.44 cm long, affected by sex and age. In mature males, horns run backward and grow outward somehow spirally. The adult population had fully developed, floppy (semi-pendulous), laterally protruded, and free of any pricks, small-sized ears with an average length of 7.00±0.13 cm and a blade width of 7.00±0.12 cm, and was affected by age and sex factors. Lambs in Wiyar and Bashar had higher respective body weights, while lambs in Shedoj, Dashar, and Sarchashma were inferior to those in the remaining villages