Recurrence of Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal Immunoglobulin G Deposits with a Striated Ultrastructure

This is the peer-reviewed but unedited manuscript version of the following article: Nephron 2020;144(suppl 1):43–48 (DOI: 10.1159/000512330)]. The final, published version is available at http://www.karger.com/?doi=10.1159/000512330

Dynamics of cellular immune responses in the acute phase of dengue virus infection.

In this study, we examined the dynamics of cellular immune responses in the acute phase of dengue virus (DENV) infection in a marmoset model. Here, we found that DENV infection in marmosets greatly induced responses of CD4/CD8 central memory T and NKT cells. Interestingly, the strength of the immune response was greater in animals infected with a dengue fever strain than in those infected with a dengue hemorrhagic fever strain of DENV. In contrast, when animals were re-challenged with the same DENV strain used for primary infection, the neutralizing antibody induced appeared to play a critical role in sterilizing inhibition against viral replication, resulting in strong but delayed responses of CD4/CD8 central memory T and NKT cells. The results in this study may help to better understand the dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses in the control of DENV infection

Drift assesment of pressure gauges for longterm subseafloor observation

Poster OS11A-1466 presented at 2011 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. / Poster title: Depthmeter drift calibration for longterm obseervatio

Acoustic and mechanical properties of Nankai accretionary prism core samples

International audienceWe studied undeformed sediment and accreted strata recently recovered by Ocean Drilling Program/Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (ODP/IODP) drilling in Nankai Trough convergent margin to unravel the changes in physical properties from initial deposition to incipient deformation. We have derived acoustic (Vp) and mechanical (uniaxial poroelastic compliance, compaction amplitude) properties of samples from various drill sites along the Muroto (ODP 1173) and Kii transects (IODP C0001, C0002, C0006, and C0007) from isotropic loading tests where confining and pore pressure were independently applied. We quantified the dependence of Vp on both effective (Peff) and confining (Pc) pressure, which can be used to correct atmospheric pressure measurements of Vp. Experimental Vp obtained on core samples extrapolated to in situ conditions are slightly higher than logging-derived velocities, which can be attributed either to velocity dispersion or to the effect of large-scale faults and weak zones on waves with longer wavelength. In the high-porosity (30%-60%) tested sediments, velocities are controlled at first order by porosity and not by lithology, which is in agreement with our static measurements of drained framework incompressibility, much smaller than fluid incompressibility. Rather than framework incompressibility, shear modulus is probably the second-order control on Vp, accounting for most of the difference between actual Vp and the prediction by Wood's (1941) suspension model. We also quantified the mechanical state of Nankai samples in terms of anisotropy, diagenesis, and consolidation. Both acoustic and mechanical parameters reveal similar values in vertical and horizontal directions, attesting to the very low anisotropy of the tested material. When considering the porous samples of the Upper Shikoku Basin sediments (Site 1173) as examples of diagenetically cemented material, several mechanical and acoustic attributes appeared as reliable experimental indicators of the presence of intergrain cementation. We also detected incipient cementation in samples from IODP Site C0001 (accretionary prism unit). In terms of consolidation, we distinguished two classes of material response (shallow, deformable samples and deep, hardly deformable ones) based on the amount of compaction upon application of a Peff large with respect to the inferred in situ value, with a transition that might be related to a critical porosity

ダイガク ボランティア カンレン ソシキ ニヨル ガクセイ ボランティア カツドウ ノ ジッサイ

東日本大震災から現在に至るまでのこの期間（研究期間[2016－2017年]）、この震災について大学教員が大学生にどのように語ってきたのか、また大学の教学システムは学生にどのような影響を与えてきたのか、十分に検討されてきたとは言えない状況であった。本研究では、ボランティアに関する大学教育のあり方を大学組織の立場から検討することを目的とし、震災ボランティアに学生を派遣している各大学のボランティアステーション・スタッフへの調査をもとに、その活動の実態把握を行った。結果、ボランティア関連組織を設立していた大学においては、学生にとってのボランティアの有用性が意識されており、自治体との連携や大学間連携が進みつつある現状が明らかとなったが、学内の体制整備、移動費など費用の工面、学生ボランティアの安全確保、被災地域となった場合のボランティアコーディネート能力の向上などが課題として認識されていた

Structure of large-scale flows and their oscillation in the thermal convection of liquid gallium

This investigation observed large-scale flows in liquid gallium and the oscillation with Rayleigh-Bénard convection. An ultrasonic velocity profiling method was used to visualize the spatiotemporal flow pattern of the liquid gallium in a horizontally long rectangular vessel. Measuring the horizontal component of the flow velocity at several lines, an organized roll-like structure with four cells was observed in the 1 x 10^[4]-2 x 10-[5] range of Rayleigh numbers, and the rolls show clear oscillatory behavior. The long-term fluctuations in temperature observed in point measurements correspond to the oscillations of the organized roll structure. This flow structure can be interpreted as the continuous development of the oscillatory instability of two-dimensional roll convection that is theoretically investigated around the critical Rayleigh number. Both the velocity of the large-scale flows and the frequency of the oscillation increase proportional to the square root of the Rayleigh number. This indicates that the oscillation is closely related to the circulation of large-scale flow

Sediment strength contrasts and decollement localization in Nankai subduction zone

International audienceWe experimentally characterized the mechanical properties of marine sediments entering the Nankai Trough subduction zone (southwestern convergent margin of Japan). The mechanical tests, based on the independent application of isotropic confining Pc and pore pressure Pp, aimed at assessing both the poroelastic compressibility as well as the resistance to compaction samples from ODP Site 1173 regularly spaced over the 250-700 meter below seafloor (mbsf) depth interval. The resistance to compaction, estimated as the irreversible uniaxial shrinkage upon application of an effective pressure in the order of twice in-situ value, shows large and non-linear variations. In a shallow domain (0-450 mbsf), samples are affected by large compaction, whereas in a deep domain (550-700 mbsf) compaction is much more limited; the transition zone between the two domains occurs at depths compatible with the actual decollement localization. Building on such experimental results, we designed a model to assess the effect of the increase in stress in a sedimentary column approaching the prism toe, which is based on the assumptions that (i) the porosity reduction associated with stress variations in the column varies strongly with depth according to our experimental results as well as drill core data, and that (ii) at least a small fraction of this porosity reduction results from horizontal compression (i.e. lateral shortening). In this modeling framework, differential compaction in response to horizontal compression between shallow and deep sections of an incoming column results in large differential displacement, i.e. shear strain in the transition zone, which may facilitate decollement propagation and therefore poses some control its localization

Development of an Equine Herpesvirus Type 4-Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using a B-Cell Epitope as an Antigen

The equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4)-specific region of glycoprotein G has served as an antigen for serodiagnosis and seroepizootic studies of EHV-4 infection (B. S. Crabb and M. J. Studdert, J. Virol. 67:6332-6338, 1993; S. Yasunaga, K. Maeda, T. Matsumura, K. Kai, H. Iwata, and T. Inoue, J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60:1133-137, 1998; S. Yasunaga, K. Maeda, T. Matsumura, T. Kondo, and K. Kai, J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62:687-691, 2000). Here we identified a major B-cell epitope in the type-specific region of EHV-4 and applied it as an antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A 24-amino-acid repeat sequence expressed as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein specifically reacted as well as the type-specific region with sera from foals infected with EHV-4. Five synthetic peptides (12-mer peptides) in the repeat sequence were included as ELISA antigens. The results indicated that the 12-mer peptide MKNNPIYSEGSL contained a major B-cell epitope specific for EHV-4 infection. Inclusion of this 12-mer peptide in ELISAs for an epidemiological study specifically detected EHV-4 infection in the field. These results indicated that the 12-mer epitope was responsible for the type-specific antibody response and therefore is useful for seroepizootic studies and serodiagnosis of EHV-4 infection