St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): A Review of its Chemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical properties

St John's wort (also known as hypericum, millepertuis) is Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, an herbaceous perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and which has been introduced into the United States where it has naturalized (38). The chemical composition of St. John's wort has been well-studied. Documented pharmacological activities, including antidepressant, antiviral, and antibacterial effects, provide supporting evidence for several of the traditional uses stated for St John's wort. Many pharmacological activities appear to be attributable to hypericin and to the flavanoid constituents; hypericin is also reported to be responsible for the photosensitive reactions that have been documented for St. John's wort. This systematic review overviews the literature on the use of St. John’s Wort for chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties

Hydroformylation of olefins catalyzed by transient montomorillonite rhodium (II) catalyst

150-154<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "dejavu="" sans";mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:#00000a;mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Transient [RhIIH(CO)(PPh3)2]- 2 complex obtained by the reaction of synthesis gas with montmorillonite loaded complex [Rh(PPh3)3]+ 1 catalyzes the hydroformylation of allyl alcohol at 70°C and 60atm CO + H2 (1:1) in alcoholic solvents to give &gt; 96% yield of the linear product (L) 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde with branched (B)/linear product mole ratio 0.04. The activity of 2 is greatly influenced by the alcoholic solvents used in the hydroformylation reaction; the longer the carbon chain higher the activity of the catalyst with the loss of selectivity (B/L ratio 0.08-0.14). The activity is compared with the Wilkinson catalyst [Rh1H(CO)(PPh3)2] 6 in homogeneous conditions. Complex 6 is found to be five times more reactive than 2 but with a loss of selectivity in the hydroformylation of allyl alcohol which gives 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde (65%) (B/L ratio 0.54) in ethanol. Similar observations have been found in the hydroformylation reactions of styrene, 4-chlorostyrene, cyciohexene and 1,3-butadiene to give corresponding products.</span

Kinetics and mechanism of palladium (II) catalysed oxidation of allyl alcohol by N-chloro succinimide in aqueous alkaline medium

943-946The title reaction is the first order in [NCS] in the presence or paliadium(II) catalyst. The order in [allyl alcohol] is less than unity whereas that in [Pd(II)] is unity. Increase in [OH-} accelerates the reaction rate while added product, succinimide, retards the reaction rate. Increase in ionic strength and t-butanol content in reaction medium have negligible effect. The mechanism involving the hypochlorate ion as the reactive species of the oxidant has been proposed. The reaction constants of individual steps involved in the reaction mechanism have been evaluated.</span

Low temperature homologation of ethanol catalyzed by Ru-EDTA-CO complex

This article does not have an abstract