INTRODUCTION

WOS: 00044863240000

Is Obesity Associated with Lower Mini Mental Test Scores among Elderly? A Cross Sectional Study

Objectives: Obesity leads to many chronic diseases and its association with cognitive impairment is controversial. The objective was to investigate the association between obesity, anthropometric measurements and cognitive functions of elderly. Methods: Planned cross-sectionally, community-dwelling Cypriots (aged >= 50 years) without any neurological disorders, were included. Cognitive impairment evaluated by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was the dependent variable. Socio-demographic variables, anthropometric measurements and obesity were the independent variables. The data was collected via face-to-face interview. Logistic regression models were constituted to determine the association of anthropometric measurements, obesity and dementia. Results: The mean age of participants (n = 541) was 60.0 +/- 8.7 for women (n = 377) and 61.5 +/- 6.0 years for men (n = 164). According to MMSE, 26.0% of women and 11.0% of men had mild-dementia, and the rest scored normal. After adjusted for age and sex, each unit increase in BMI (OR: 1.045, 95%CI: 1.008-1.091), Waist to height ratio (WHtR; OR: 1.030, 95%CI: 1.006-1.055) and Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC; OR: 1.077, 95%CI: 1.016-1.141) increases the risk of mild-dementia. When education, employment and smoking were included in the models, significance of anthropometric measurements was diminished and only sex and education were remained significant for all. Conclusion: After controlled for age and sex, increment in anthropometric measurements increased the risk of dementia but when education was taken into consideration, this significant association was diminished showing that sex and education is more predominant in a heterogeneous group in means of education. Thus, for heterogeneous groups it might be better to revise MMSE. To determine the association between obesity and dementia cohort studies with longer follow-up duration with larger samples are needed

Dietary Intake Of Patients With Moderate To Severe Copd In Relation To Fat-Free Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Fat-free mass (FFM) depletion has been shown to be a better predictor of mortality than BMI in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The specific aim of the current study was to assess the nutritional status of stable COPD patients in relation to fat free mass index profiles. Methods We investigated 65 male moderate-to-severe stable COPD patients. A self-reported questionnaire was applied about general characteristics and smoking history. Nutritional intake was assessed by using a 54–item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference (WC), handgrip strength and body composition measurements were taken by a trained dietitian. The data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. Results The mean age of the patients was 62.1 ± 8.9 years. Among all of the patients 13.8% was underweight (BMI < 21 kg/m2) and 18.5% had a low fat-free mass index (FFMI < 16 kg/m2). The percentages of the patients who did not meet the daily recommended intakes (RNI) were highest for magnesium (93.8%) and calcium (92.3%). Mean daily consumptions of milk-yogurt, red meat and fruits were significantly low in the low FFMI group compared to normal FFMI group (for all; p < 0.05). Patients with normal FFMI had significantly higher weight, height, WC, MUAC, handgrip strength, fat and fat-free mass than the patients with low FFMI (for all; p < 0.05). Conclusions Dieticians should be aware of COPD patients with low FFMI in order to evaluate the nutritional intake and therefore plan nutritional strategies to improve prognosis of the disease.PubMedWoSScopu

Determination Of Lipid Profile And Anthropometric Measurements Of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Controlled Descriptive Study

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Lipid profile and anchropomecric measurements might differ for patients with MS and healthy people. This study aimed to compare the lipid profiles and anthropometric measurements of patients with MS and healthy participants. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a controlled descriptive study, consisting of 392 people (196 patients in the MS-MS group, and 196 healthy volunteers in the control group) who presented to a state hospital in Turkey. Blood samples were collected and lipid profiles (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides) were analyzed. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios were calculated, and the parameters were compared between the groups. The relationship between the parameters and the presence of MS was investigated. Results: The weights, heights, hip circumferences, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios of the people differed statistically significantly between the groups (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the considered lipid profiles. The difference between the BMI values of males in the control and MS groups was statistically significant (p=0.006). Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that anthropometric measurements of patients with MS differ significantly from healthy individuals, although no significant difference could be observed in terms of lipid profiles. Most of the findings of this study are consistent with the literature and suggest that the anthropometric changes in individuals should be followed regularly to prevent a possible MS risk.WoSScopu

The Cholesterol Lowering Efficacy of Plant Stanol Ester Yoghurt in a Turkish Population: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background We evaluated the cholesterol lowering efficacy of low-fat spoonable yoghurt with 1.9 g/d plant stanols as esters on plasma lipid profiles of Turkish subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Methods Using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study design, intervention (n = 35) and control (n = 35) groups consumed either 115 g low-fat yoghurt with 1.9 g/d plant stanols as esters or placebo yoghurt, respectively, for 4 weeks. Seventy subjects with untreated mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia (aged 23-65 years) were recruited. Changes in the lipid profile, including lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, and triglycerides, and anthropometric measurements were monitored at screening, baseline, and at the end of the second, third, and fourth weeks of intervention. The general linear model repeated measures procedure was used to test differences in the repeated continuous variables between study groups. Results Serum total cholesterol (4.6%), LDL cholesterol (6.3%), and non-HDL cholesterol (6.2%) concentrations were reduced significantly from baseline in the plant stanol group compared to the control group (p = 0.007, p = 0.005 and p = 0.005, respectively). A variation in the response of serum total and LDL cholesterol between the subjects in plant stanol group was obtained. No clinically significant change in anthropometrical measurements was observed during the intervention. Conclusions The spoonable low-fat yoghurt with 1.9 g/d plant stanols as esters lowered total, LDL, and non-HDL cholesterol levels in Turkish subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Nevertheless variation in baseline cholesterol levels, genetic predisposition of the subjects and compliance may contribute to a large individual variability.PubMedWoSScopu

IMPLEMENTATION OF A "BALANCED NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM" AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN TURKEY

4th Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles Summit of the Sabri-Ulker-Food-Research-Foundation on Effects of Eating Behavior on Health -- MAY 04, 2017 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000448632400009Sabri Ulker Food Res Fd

How Does Food Addiction Influence Dietary Intake Profile?

This study aimed to investigate whether there was any difference in eating pattern, abnormal eating behaviour, obesity and the number of food addiction symptoms according to food addiction presence. A total sample of 851 healthy subjects living in Ankara (n = 360 male, n = 491 female) aged 19–65 years were included in this cross-sectional survey. Data on demographic information, 24-hour dietary recalls, Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), and anthropometric measurements were collected through face-to-face interviews. Overall, 11.4% of participants were identified as “food addicted” (F: 13.0%; M: 9.2%). Subjects meeting criteria for ‘food addiction' had higher body mass index (35.1% were obese and 3.1% were underweight), compared to subjects without food addiction (13.1% were obese and 10.2% were underweight) (p<0.05). Abnormal eating attitudes estimated with EAT-26 were determined as 45.5% in males, 37.5% in females and 40.2% in total, among subjects with food addiction. Daily energy, protein and fat intakes were significantly higher in food addicted females, compared to non-addicted females (p<0.05). Participants with food addiction reported significantly more problems with foods, which contain high amounts of fat and sugar, compared to the participants without food addiction. Food addiction behaviour should be considered as a part of efforts towards reducing food related problems involving obesity.PubMedWoSScopu