Työaikojen kehittäminen matkailu-, ravintola- ja vapaa-ajan palveluissa – tutkimus- ja kehittämishankkeen loppuraportti

Suomessa työelämässä olevista vuorotyötä tekee lähes joka neljäs. Matkailu-, ravintola- ja vapaa-ajan palveluissa työtä luonnehtivat vuorotyö, naisvaltaisuus, sesonkivaihtelut, työn fyysinen kuormittavuus ja osa- tai määräaikainen työ. Työaikajärjestelyillä voidaan vaikuttaa työhyvinvointiin, terveyteen ja alan vetovoimaisuuteen. Tässä Työsuojelurahaston rahoittamassa tutkimus- ja kehittämishankkeessa selvitimme Matkailu- ja Ravintolapalvelut MaRa ry ja Palvelualojen ammattiliitto (PAM) aloitteesta työaikoja, työaikajärjestelmiä ja työaikojen kuormittavuutta. Erityisesti tutkimme palautumiseen vaikuttavia työaikatekijöitä kuten työvuorojen rytmitystä sekä yöntekijöiden omia mahdollisuuksia vaikuttaa työaikoihin

Sleep and sleepiness in shift-working tram drivers

Driver sleepiness contributes to traffic accidents. However, sleepiness in urban public transport remains an understudied subject. To fill this gap, we examined the sleepiness, sleep, and on-duty sleepiness countermeasures (SCMs) in 23 tram drivers working morning, day, and evening shifts for three weeks. Sleepiness was measured using Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Nocturnal total sleep time (TST) was measured with wrist actigraphy. SCMs and naps were self-reported with a smartphone application. Caffeine and napping were considered effective SCMs. Severe sleepiness (KSS >= 7) was observed in 22% of shifts with no differences between shift types. Rest breaks were associated with slight reductions in sleepiness. TST between days off averaged 7 h but was 1 h 33 min and 38 min shorter prior to morning and day shifts, respectively. The use of effective SCMs showed little variance between shift types. These results highlight the need for fatigue management in non-night-working tram drivers.Peer reviewe

The self-reported stress and stressors in tram and long-haul truck drivers

Work stress may compromise professional drivers' health and driving capacity. Differences between driver groups in terms of on-duty stress are understudied. Therefore, we examined self-reported stress (Stockholm University Stress Scale) of shift-working tram and long-haul truck drivers (n = 75) across 2-3 weeks. Furthermore, stressors were self-reported retrospectively and categorised as related to the job, driving conditions, personal, or other causes. Stress levels were generally low, but moderate to high stress (>= 6) was more frequently reported among the tram drivers. Stressors related to the job (54%) and driving conditions (19% of all shifts) were frequently reported among the tram and truck drivers, respectively. Moderate to high stress was associated with categorised stressors related to the job and other causes among the tram drivers, and all categorised stressors among the truck drivers. Altogether, self-reported stress and stressors differ by driver group, but the role of shift type is less significant.Peer reviewe

Työaikojen kehittäminen kaupan alalla : tutkimus- ja kehittämishanke

Kaupan alaa ei ole aiemmin tutkittu hyödyntämällä työnantajan rekisteristä saatavia, objektiivisia työaikatietoja, vaikka kauppojen aukioloajat ovat viime vuosina laajentuneet ja yhä useampi työskentelee myöhään iltaisin tai öisin. Tämän hankkeen tavoitteena oli selvittää kaupan alan työaikoja ja niiden yhteyttä hyvinvointiin. Hankkeessa tutkittiin 1) eri työaikapiirteiden yleisyyttä, 2) eri työaikapiirteiden yksilöllistä vaihtelua iän, työsuhdetietojen ja sukupuolen mukaan ja 3) eri työaikapiirteiden yhteyksiä sairauspoissaoloihin. Lisäksi hankkeeseen sisältyi kehittämisosa, jossa pyrittiin edistämään kaupan alan työaikojen kehittämistä. Hankkeen tutkimusaineistona olivat kolmen alueosuuskaupan toteutuneet työajat vuosilta 2017–2020. Tietoja oli kaikkiaan yli 12 500 työntekijästä, joista 8 466–8 857 oli kaupan alan työntekijöitä

Hyvinvointia vuorotyöhön : Työntekijän opas vuorotyön hallintaan

Kun vuorotyön haittoja halutaan vähentää, keskeisiä keinoja ovat työvuorojen suunnittelu ja työn organisointi, työterveyshuollon järjestämä säännöllinen terveysseuranta, koulutus ja tiedottaminen. Tärkeitä ovat kuitenkin myös ne keinot, joiden avulla jokainen työntekijä voi itse helpottaa sopeutumistaan vuorotyöhön. Tämä opas tarjoaa neuvoja käytännön kysymyksiin, kuten miten nukkua päivällä, miten vuorotyössä pitäisi aterioida, miten kannattaa harrastaa liikuntaa tai mitä tehdä, kun väsymys käy sietämättömäksi. Vuorotyön ongelmiin tuskin löytyy kaikkien kohdalla toimivia patenttiratkaisuja.10.-11. uudistettu paino

Hospital physicians´ working hour characteristics and sleep quality : a cross-sectional analysis of realized working hour and survey data

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Background: Hospital physicians’ work includes on-call duties to provide 24/7 health care. Previous studies using self-reported survey data have associated long working hours and on-call work with sleep difficulties. To reduce recall bias, we complemented survey data with payroll-based objective data to study whether hospital physicians’ realized working hours are associated with sleep. Methods: The study was nested within the Finnish Public Sector study. We used survey data on 728 hospital physicians (mean age 43.4 years, 62% females) from 2015 linked to realized daily working hour data from 3 months preceding the survey. The associations of working hour characteristics with sleep quantity and quality were studied with multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for demographics, overall stressfulness of life situation, control over scheduling of shifts, and hospital district. Results: One fourth (26%) of the participants reported short (≤6.5 h) average sleep duration. Frequent night work (> 6 shifts/91 days) was associated with short sleep (OR 1.87 95%CI 1.23–2.83) compared to no night work. Approximately one third (32%) of the physicians reported insufficient sleep. Physicians with long weekly working hours (> 48 hours) had higher odds for insufficient sleep (OR 1.78 95%CI 1.15–2.76) than physicians with short weekly working hours ( 12 shifts/3 months OR 2.00 95%CI 1.08–3.72), frequent night work (OR 1.60 95%CI 1.09–2.37), and frequent short shift intervals (≤11 hours; > 12 times/3 months OR 1.65 95%CI 1.01–2.69) compared to not having these working hour characteristics. Nearly half of the physicians (48%) reported at least one sleep difficulty at least two times a week and frequent night work increased odds for difficulties in initiating sleep (OR 2.43 95%CI 1.04–5.69). Otherwise sleep difficulties were not associated with the studied working hour characteristics. Conclusion: We used realized working hour data to strengthen the evidence on on-call work and sleep quality and our results advice to limit the frequency of night work, on-call shifts, short shift intervals and long weekly working hours to promote hospital physicians’ sufficient sleep.Peer reviewe

Ageing shift workers' sleep and working-hour characteristics after implementing ergonomic shift-scheduling rules

We studied whether implementing binding ergonomic shift-scheduling rules change ageing (>= 45 years) social and healthcare employees' (mean age 52.5 years, 95% women) working-hour characteristics (e.g. weekly working hours, number and length of night shifts, and short shift intervals) and sleep. We compared an intervention group (n = 253) to a control group (n = 1,234) by survey responses (baseline 2007/2008, follow-up 2012) and objective working-hour characteristics (intervention group n = 159, control group n = 379) from 91 days preceding the surveys. Changes in working-hour characteristics were analysed with repeated measures general linear models. The fully adjusted model (sociodemographics and full-/part-time work) showed that proportion of short shift intervals (= 9 hr; odds ratio [OR] 5.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.21-13.80), and lower odds of short sleep (Peer reviewe

Association of changes in work shifts and shift intensity with change in fatigue and disturbed sleep : a within-subject study

Objectives The aim of this study was to examine whether changes in work shifts and shift intensity are related to changes in difficulties to fall asleep, fatigue, and sleep length. Methods Questionnaire responses of hospital employees (N=7727, 93% women) in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2015 were linked to daily-based records of working hours during three months preceding each survey. We used conditional logistic regression and longitudinal fixed-effects analyses to investigate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each 25% within-individual change in the proportion of working hour characteristics in relation to changes in fatigue, difficulties to fall asleep, and 24-hour sleep length. Results Change in night but not in morning or evening shifts was associated with parallel changes in odds for longer sleep length (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.28-1.64) and fatigue during free days (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16-1.64). Similarly, short shift intervals and having >2 but not >4 consecutive night shifts were associated with increased odds of fatigue during work and difficulties to fall asleep (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19-1.72 and OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05-1.19, respectively). Among workers aged >= 50 years, the associations were the strongest between night shifts and longer sleep (OR 2.24,95% CI 1.52-3.81) and between higher proportion of short shift intervals and fatigue during free days (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.10-2.54). Conclusions Among shift workers with fatigue or sleep problems, decreasing the proportion of night shifts and quick returns and giving preference to quickly forward-rotating shift systems may reduce fatigue.Peer reviewe