The Effect of Danofloxacine on in vitro Rat Myometrium

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of danofloxacine on in vitro rat myometrium. The myometrium (n= 60) obtained from adult female rats. After myometrium showed spontaneous contractions, the contractions were regulated by injecting 0.1mM oxytocin. Then, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mu mol danofloxacine was added to isolated organ bath in 10 min intervals, and frequency, peak amplitude and peak area calculations were recorded. With oxytocin supplementation, frequency, peak amplitude and peak area calculations were determined as 6.7 +/- 1.0, 1874 +/- 107, 1749 +/- 68, respectively. With danofloxacine supplementation, frequency and peak amplitude first increased then slowed down in relation to the dose and the peak area decreased in relation to the dose (P<0.05). In conclusion, by adding danofloxacine to the media after contractions caused by an oxytocin treatment, we observed biphasic activity. The effects of danofloxacine high doses (40 and 80 mu mol) may inhibit both K+ channels and the intracellular-induced mechanism. (c) 2010 PVJ. All rights reserve

Effects of Selenium with Vitamin E and Melatonin on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver and Kidneys

WOS: 000262202000006PubMed ID: 18528643The present study was performed to determine the protective effects of melatonin alone and vitamin E with selenium combination against cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. A total of 60 male rats were equally divided into five groups, one of which acted as control receiving subcutaneous injections of physiological saline. The remaining four groups were treated with subcutaneous injections of cadmium chloride at a dose of 1 mg/kg weight. The first study group received no treatment. The second group was treated with a combination of 60 mg/kg vitamin E and 1 mg/kg sodium selenite. Group 3 was treated with 10 mg/kg melatonin, and the four group received a combination of vitamin E, sodium selenite, and melatonin at the doses mentioned above. After 1 month, the animals were killed, and liver and kidneys were excised for histopathological inspection and determination of tissue malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase. The animals receiving no treatment showed significantly higher malondialdehyde levels and reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (p<0.05). Treatment with antioxidants resulted in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde when compared to nontreated animals (p<0.05) and increase in the enzyme activity that was almost the same as the controls. The pathological findings were also in parallel with the results of the biochemical analysis. In conclusion, all the agents tested had protective effects against cadmium-induced oxidative damage

The effect of thiosemicarbazone derivatives on some blood parameters in rats

Çalışmada, deney grubu ratlara 45 günlük deney süresince üçer gün ara ile deri altı yolla 25 mg/kg tiyosemikarbazon ve 25 mg/kg tiyosemikarbazon-çinko kompleksi uygulandı. Uygulamaların serum aspartat amino transferaz (AST), alanin amino transferaz (ALT), laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH), gamma-glutamil transferaz (GGT) aktivitelerine ve üre, kreatinin, total ve direkt bilirubin düzeylerine, karaciğer ağırlığına ve canlı ağırlığına etkileri belirlemek için 60 adet rat kullanıldı. Ratlar kontrol grubu, tiyosemikarbazon uygulanan grup ve tiyosemikarbazon-çinko kompleksi uygulanan deney grubu olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Uygulamanın 7., 15., 30. ve 45. günlerinde her gruptan 5’er rat ayrılıp tartılarak dekapite edildi; kanları alınıp karaciğer ağırlıkları kaydedildi. Gerekli analizler otoanalizörde spektrofotometrik yöntemle yapıldı. Tiyosemikarbazon ve tiyosemikarbazon-çinko kompleksi uygulanan ratların serum AST, ALT, LDH ve GGT aktiviteleri ile üre, kreatinin, total ve direkt billirubin düzeyleri, karaciğer ağırlıkları ve canlı vücut ağırlıklarının kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark göstermediği (p>0.05) bulundu. Ratlara deri altı yolla verilen 25 mg/kg tiyosemikarbazon ve tiyosemikarbazon-çinko kompleksinin çalışılan serum parametrelerini, karaciğer ağırlığını ve canlı ağırlığı etkilemediği gözlendi. Buna bağlı olarak ta tiyosemikarbazon veya tiyosemikarbazon-çinko kompleksinin tedavi amaçlı kullanıldığında uygun doz ayarlaması ile yan etkilerinden korunulabileceği düşünüldü.In this study, 25 mg/kg thiosemicarbazone and 25 mg/kg thiosemicarbazone-zinc complex were given to the experiment group rats subcutoneusly at an interval of three days. 60 rats were used to determine of the effect of thiosemicarbazone and thiosemicarbazonezinc complex on the rats, the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and levels of urea, creatinine, direct billirubin, total billirubin in serum and liver weight and live weight of rats. Rats were divided into three groups namely the control group and the two experimental groups exposed to thiosemicarbazone and thiosemicarbazone-zinc complex. Five rats from the each group at 7th, 15th, 30th, 45th days of application were separated and weighed and then decapitated. Their bloods were taken and their liver weights were recorded. Necessary analyses were conducted through the autoanalyser and no statistically significant differences were found in activities of AST, ALT, LDH, GGT, and levels of urea, creatinine, total and direct billirubin in serum of rats exposed to thiosemicarbazone and thiosemicarbazone-zinc complex, and their liver weight and alive weights relative to control group (p&gt;0.05). It has been observed that 25 mg/kg thiosemicarbazone and 25 mg/kg thiosemicarbazone-zinc complex given subcutoneusly to the rats did not affect some of their blood parameters, and liver and live weights of rats. As a result, it was thought that when thiosemicarbazone and thiosemicarbazone-zinc complex were used for the purpose of treatment, from their side effects might be avoided by adjusting suitable doses of those substances

Protective effect of octreotide on intra-tracheal bleomycin-induced oxidative damage in rats

The present study is aimed at determining the effect of parenteral octreotide against oxidative damage caused by intra-tracheal bleomycin (BLM) administration. A total of 30 male Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups (control, bleomycin alone, and bleomycin and octreotide) were used in the study. A group of animals received a single dose of intra-tracheal bleomycin (7.5 mg/kg). Animals in another group, which also received intra-tracheal bleomycin, were given 82.5 mu g/kg octreotide via i.m. injection for a week. Animals in the control group received neither bleomycin nor octreotide. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, vitamins A, E, and C, selenium levels were determined. In addition, glutathion peroxidase activity levels in erythrocytes were also determined. Malondialdehyde levels and glutathion peroxidase activity were increased whereas antioxidant vitamin levels were decreased significantly in animals that received only bleomycin compared to control animals (pThe present study is aimed at determining the effect of parenteral octreotide against oxidative damage caused by intra-tracheal bleomycin (BLM) administration. A total of 30 male Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups (control, bleomycin alone, and bleomycin and octreotide) were used in the study. A group of animals received a single dose of intra-tracheal bleomycin (7.5mg/kg). Animals in another group, which also received intra-tracheal bleomycin, were given 82.5 microg/kg octreotide via i.m. injection for a week. Animals in the control group received neither bleomycin nor octreotide. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, vitamins A, E, and C, selenium levels were determined. In addition, glutathion peroxidase activity levels in erythrocytes were also determined. Malondialdehyde levels and glutathion peroxidase activity were increased whereas antioxidant vitamin levels were decreased significantly in animals that received only bleomycin compared to control animals (p&lt;0.05). The values in rats that received bleomycin and octreotide were found to be closer to the control group (p&lt;0.05). Selenium levels in animals that received only bleomycin were determined to be reduced compared to controls (p&lt;0.05). On the other hand, selenium levels in bleomycin and octreotide groups were similar to control values in (p&lt;0.05). In conclusion, bleomycin induces a severe stress and more importantly increases the amount of free radicals whereas octreotide administration reduces this oxidative damage significantly.</p

Ultrastructural changes in the kidney of rats with acute exposure to cadmium and effects of exogenous metallothionein

Ultrastructural changes in the kidneys of rats after acute cadmium exposure and the effects of exogenous metallothionein (MT) were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Thirty-six adult Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (3.5 mg/kg/day) was injected subcutaneously in the first group. In the second group, 30 mu mol/kg MT was administered in addition to CdCl2. Control rats received 0.5 ml subcutaneous saline solution. Four rats from each group were killed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after administration of the compounds. Kidney tissues were taken and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution for electron microscopic observations. Tissue damage in kidney increased as time passed since the administration of CdCl2 in the first group. Degeneration in the proximal and distal tubules was observed. Increased apoptosis was seen in the proximal tubules epithelium, especially on day 7. Peritubular capillaries became dilated, there was degeneration of the endothelial cells, and the amount of intertubular collagen fibers was increased. On day 1, irregular microvilli in the proximal tubules, deepening of the basal striations, and myelin figures; on day 3, multiple vesicular mitochondria and regions of edema around tubules; on days 5 and 7, increased apoptotic cell in the proximal tubules and widened rough endoplasmic reticulum of the endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries were observed. We observed that the structural alterations that increased depending on the day of Cd administration decreased after exogenous MT administration, the dilation of the peritubular capillaries persisted, and there were degenerated proximal tubules. It was established that cadmium chloride was toxic for kidney cortex and caused structural damage. Exogenous MT partly prevents CdCl2-induced damage