Deneyimsel Ürünler ve Araştırma Ürünleri ile İlgili Çevrimiçi Tüketici Yorumları ve Referans Fiyat Bilgisinin Tüketicilerin Satın Alma Davranışları Üzerindeki Etkisi

İşletmeleri karlı kılmak için işletme yöneticileri pazarlama programlarında pazarlama süreç ve politikalarının bir karmasını kullanmaktadırlar. Pazarlama karması, dört pazarlama unsuru (4P) için stratejik bir araç olmasına rağmen, tüketici davranışlarını dikkate almayan içe odaklı bir yapıda olması ve bu pazarlama karması elemanları arasında etkileşimin olmaması nedeniyle eleştirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın literatürdeki boşluğu doldurmak için yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çok değişkenli kovaryans analiz (MANCOVA), referans fiyatın (var ve yok), ürün tiplerinin (araştırma ve deneyimsel ürünler) ve çevrimiçi tüketici yorumlarının (az ve çok yorum) satın alma niyeti, çevrimiçi yorum sayısı, algılanan inanılırlık, çevrimiçi yorumlara yönelik genel tutum ve fiyat algısı üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran hipotezleri test etmek için kullanılmıştır. Önceki çevrimiçi satın alma deneyimi ve ilgilenim, analizde kovaryans değişkenler olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonunda, incelenen gruplar arasında, satın alma niyeti ve yorum sayısı bağlamlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur

Effect of parity and reproductive status on peak milk yield and some reproductive traits of holstein cows

Bu çalışmada, Konya ili çevresinde özel bir çiftlikte yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ineklerin pik süt verimi ve bazı döl verim özelliklerine laktasyon sayısının ve üreme durumunun etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Laktasyon sayısı, 1 (n105), 2 (n97), 3 (n42), 4 (n72) ve 5 (n24) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada pik süt verimi (PSV), buzağılama aralığı (BA), gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı (GBTS) ve servis periyodu uzunluğu (SP) incelenmiştir. Laktasyon sayısı (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) en küçük kareler ortalamaları sırasıyla; PSV (24.111.89, 32.901.33, 33.282.57, 29.471.58, 35.721.62 kg), BA (528.7729.45, 438.3720.78, 417.1840.07, 406.5724.63, 424.4625.27 gün), GBTS (2.560.46, 1.920.33, 2.030.63, 1.760.39, 2.260.40) ve SP (137.6313.00, 96.609.17, 92.9417.69, 85.4610.87, 77.8111.16 gün) olarak belirlenmiştir. Üreme durumu (abort, açık, gebe, tohumlanmış) en küçük kareler ortalamaları sırasıyla; PSV (30.581.38, 32.131.88, 29.600.40, 34.590.79 kg), BA (510.6622.18, 403.4730.38, 418.416.50, 390.6412.81 gün), GBTS (3.110.35, 1.230.48, 2.020.10, 1.690.20) ve SP (90.949.89, 115.8713.54, 87.342.90, 84.785.71 gün) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Laktasyon sayısının, PSV (P0.001), BA (P0.05) ve SP (P0.01), üreme durumunun PSV (P0.001), BA (P0.001) ve GBTS (P0.01) üzerinde önemli etkisi olmuştur. PSV ve BA (-0.12; P0.05), PSV ve GBTS (-0.19; P0.001), BA ve GBTS (0.71; P0.001), BA ve SP (0.29; P0.001) ve GBTS ve SP (- 0.14; P0.01) arasında önemli fenotipik korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu çiftlikte yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ineklerde bazı döl verim özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için daha iyi bakım, besleme ve sürü idaresinin uygulanması gerekmektedir.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parity and reproductive status on peak milk yield and some reproductive traits of Holstein cows reared in a private dairy farm of Konya province. Parities were 1 (n105), 2 (n97), 3 (n42), 4 (n72) and 5 (n24). Investigated characters were peak milk yield (PMY), calving interval (CI), number of artificial insemination per pregnancy (AIN) and service period (SP). Parity least squares means (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), respectively, were; PMY (24.11±1.89, 32.90±1.33, 33.28±2.57, 29.47±1.58, 35.72±1.62 kg), BA (528.77±29.45, 438.37±20.78, 417.18±40.07, 406.57±24.63, 424.46±25.27 days), AIN (2.56±0.46, 1.92±0.33, 2.03±0.63, 1.76±0.39, 2.26±0.40) and SP (137.63±13.00, 96.60±9.17, 92.94±17.69, 85.46±10.87, 77.81±11.16 days). Reproductive status least squares means (aborted, open, pregnant, inseminated), respectively, were; PMY (30.58±1.38, 32.13±1.88, 29.60±0.40, 34.59±0.79 kg), CI (510.66±22.18, 403.47±30.38, 418.41±6.50, 390.64±12.81days), AIN (3.11±0.35, 1.23±0.48, 2.02±0.10, 1.69±0.20) and SP (90.94±9.89, 115.87±13.54, 87.34±2.90, 84.78±5.71 days). Parity significantly affected PMY (P<0.001), CI (P<0.05) and SP (P<0.01). Reproductive status significantly affected PMY (P<0.001), CI (P<0.001) and AIN (P<0.01) The Significant phenotypic correlations were found between PMY and CI (-0.12; P<0.05), PMY and AIN (-0.19; P<0.001), CI and AIN (0.71; P<0.001), CI and SP (0.29; P<0.001) and AIN and SP (-0.14; P<0.01). As as result, better feeding and herd management practices should be provided to improve the reproductive performance of Holstein cows in this dairy farm

Evaluation of conventional imaging techniques on preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and preoperative localization capacity of Tc-99m methoxyisobutylnitrile (MIBI) parathyroid scintigraphy and ultrasonography (USG) in enlarged parathyroid glands in the primary hyperparathyroidism (pH PT), as well as the relationship between the success rate of these techniques and biochemical values. We retrospectively evaluated 39 patients with clinical and biological evidence of pHPT who referred to the university hospital for MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy. Patients were examined with USG and double-phase MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy for the detection of enlarged parathyroid glands. Preoperative serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels, calcium (Ca), phosphate and alkaline phosphatase measurements were obtained. A total of 45 parathyroid lesions in 39 patients were reviewed. Thirty-four patients had a single adenoma and five patients with multi-gland disease had 11 abnormal parathyroid glands including three adenomas, whereas the remaining 8 glands showed hyperplasia. The overall sensitivities of MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy, USG, and combined techniques were 85.3%, 72.5% and 90.4%, respectively; the positive predictive values (PPV) were 89.7%, 85.2%, and 92.6%, respectively. The most successful approach for detection of enlarged parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism is the concurrent application of USG and MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy modalities. The concomitance of thyroid diseases decreases the sensitivity of both MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy and USG in enlarged parathyroid glands

Mixed Bacteriological Isolation Percentages from the Uterus of Cows Slaughtered due to Infertility

Background: Intrauterine mixed infections are an important problem in cattle breeding. In this study, we aimed to determine the mixed bacteriological isolation rates from the uterus of cows with clinical metritis and to reveal the relationships between the bacteria that isolated together.Methods: For this purpose, sterile swabs were taken from 490 uterus obtained from cattle slaughtered due to infertility in three slaughterhouses and used them to perform microbiological tests. After evaluating the data, it was determined that the bacterial isolation rate from uterus with clinical metritis was 76.14% (n = 268).Results: The rates for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 bacteria isolated from the uterus with clinical metritis were 48.13%, 33.96%, 15.30%, 2.24%, and 0.37%, respectively. The isolation rates for Trueperella pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Escherichia coli alone from the uterus with clinical metritis were 27.08%, 28.00%, and 16.51%, respectively. In uterus with clinical metritis, Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria with T. pyogenes, Clostridium spp. (16%) co-isolated with F. necrophorum, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (16.51%) and Bacillus spp. (16.51%) were detected with E. coli.Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that when evaluating the microbiological results for cows with clinical metritis, mixed infections should be taken into more consideration, and the characteristics of the bacteria that isolate together should be considered during the treatment of mixed infections.Keywords: Cattle; Uterine; Isolation; infertility     

S3-TM: scalable streaming short text matching

Micro-blogging services have become major venues for information creation, as well as channels of information dissemination. Accordingly, monitoring them for relevant information is a critical capability. This is typically achieved by registering content-based subscriptions with the micro-blogging service. Such subscriptions are long-running queries that are evaluated against the stream of posts. Given the popularity and scale of micro-blogging services like Twitter and Weibo, building a scalable infrastructure to evaluate these subscriptions is a challenge. To address this challenge, we present the S3-TM system for streaming short text matching. S3-TM is organized as a stream processing application, in the form of a data parallel flow graph designed to be run on a data center environment. It takes advantage of the structure of the publications (posts) and subscriptions to perform the matching in a scalable manner, without broadcasting publications or subscriptions to all of the matcher instances. The basic design of S$$^3$$3-TM uses a scoped multicast for publications and scoped anycast for subscriptions. To further improve throughput, we introduce publication routing algorithms that aim at minimizing the scope of the multicasts. First set of algorithms we develop are based on partitioning the word co-occurrence frequency graph, with the aim of routing posts that include commonly co-occurring words to a small set of matchers. While effective, these algorithms fell short in balancing the load. To address this, we develop the SALB algorithm, which provides better load balance by modeling the load more accurately using the word-to-post bipartite graph. We also develop a subscription placement algorithm, called LASP, to group together similar subscriptions, in order to minimize the subscription matching cost. Furthermore, to achieve good scalability for increasing number of nodes, we introduce techniques to handle workload skew. Finally, we introduce load shedding techniques for handling unexpected load spikes with small impact on the accuracy. Our experimental results show that S3-TM is scalable. Furthermore, the SALB algorithm provides more than 2.5× throughput compared to the baseline multicast and outperforms the graph partitioning-based approaches. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

Prioritization of medical errors in patient safety management: Framework using interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets

Medical errors negatively affect patients, healthcare professionals, and healthcare establishments. Therefore, all healthcare service members should be attentive to medical errors. Research has revealed that most medical errors are caused by the system, rather than individuals. In this context, guaranteeing patient safety and preventing medical faults appear to be basic elements of quality in healthcare services. Healthcare institutions can create internal regulations and follow-up plans for patient safety. While this is beneficial for the dissemination of patient safety culture, it poses difficulties in terms of auditing. On the other hand, the lack of a standard patient safety management system, has led to great variation in the quality of the provided service among hospitals. Therefore, this study aims to create an index system to create a standard system for patient safety by classifying medical errors. Due to the complex nature of healthcare and its processes, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy logic is used in the proposed index system. Medical errors are prioritized, based on the index scores that are generated by the proposed model. Because of this systematic study, not only can the awareness of patient safety perception be increased in health institutions, but their present situation can also be displayed, on the basis of each indicator. It is expected that the outcomes of this study will motivate institutions to identify and prioritize their future improvements in the patient safety context