Suicidal Attempt in Bipolar Disorder:Low Significance of Comorbidity with Opioid Dependence

"nObjectives: The relationship between suicidal attempt and opioid use disorder in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is unknown. This study aimed at shedding some light on this issue. "nMethod:178 inpatients aged 18-65 with BD type I with or without opioid use disorders were face-to-face interviewed through the Persian Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID-I),  the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale, and a questionnaire including demographic and some clinical factors. "nResults:Gender was the only demographic factor with a statistical significant difference between suicidal and non-suicidal bipolar patients. Also, comorbidity with anxiety disorders and the type of index and current mood episodes were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). But after using a logistic regression analysis, the only statistical significant different factors (p<0.05) between the two groups were gender, comorbidity with anxiety disorders, and GAF.  "nConclusion:Opioid dependence comorbidity can not be considered as a risk factor for suicidal attempt in patients with BD

Clinical and course indicators of bipolar disorder type I with and without opioid dependence

Background: The existing evidence about the clinical situations of the bipolar patients with opioid dependence is scarce. The present study was carried out to compare the clinical features and course of the bipolar disorder type I re-garding the two subgroups of opioid dependent and non- dependent. Methods: There were 178 adult patients with bipolar disorder type I consecutively referred to the Iran Hospital of Psy-chiatry, Tehran, Iran, from January 2008 to January 2009 who enrolled in the study. The Persian Structured Clinical Interview for DSM- IV axis I disorders (SCID- I), HDRS- 17, and Y- MRS were administered for all patients. Other clini-cal information was gathered through the face- to- face interviews with the probands and the hospital records. The T test, Chi square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of probands were 33.6 ± 11.1 years old and they were mostly male. Among the evaluated indi-ces, the factors gender, anxiety disorders comorbidity, non- adherence, and positive family history were different sig-nificantly and independently from the other studied factors between opioid dependent and non- dependent bipolar pa-tients. Conclusions: Despite some differences, the opioid dependent and non- dependent bipolar patients did not have any significant difference regarding most of the examined clinical and course indices

Explaining the role and relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety and test anxiety in students: Application of path analysis

Objective: Spiritual intelligence is manifested when a person spends his life in complete spirituality. Anxiety and test anxiety are among the most common psychological and emotional problems during student life that have a negative impact on students' mental health and academic performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the role and relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety and test anxiety. Methods: This analytical study was performed on 503 nursing and midwifery students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (2018) using the available sampling method. King spiritual intelligence scale, Sarason's test anxiety scale, and Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. To analyze the data, statistical methods of path analysis and correlation coefficients were used. Results: The overall effect of test anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is 0.1632 and the overall effect of hidden anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is -0.07. Spiritual intelligence has a significant relationship with test anxiety, so that with increasing mental intelligence, test anxiety is decreased. While in the case of significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety, with increasing spiritual intelligence, hidden anxiety is also increased. There was no significant relationship between hidden anxiety and test anxiety. The two variables of hidden anxiety and test anxiety have a very weak effect on spiritual intelligence. The effect of hidden anxiety is not significant at all, and the effect of test anxiety is very weak, although being significant. Conclusion: High spiritual intelligence indicates lower test anxiety, while it is inversely related to hidden anxiety. As a result, high spiritual intelligence does not indicate less hidden anxiety in individuals. So it cannot be said for sure that spiritual intelligence plays an important role in reducing anxiety