Meta-Analysis on Efficacy of Vaccination against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Mastitis is a common disease responsible for the biggest economic loss in the dairy industry. Antibiotic therapy does not provide long-term protection. And residue is a major concern in food safety. Vaccination is an alternative control method with great potential for bovine mastitis. Our study focus on evaluating vaccine efficacy regarding reducing the incidence of clinical and subclinical mastitis. Meta-analysis was used to pool data extracted from previous studies. 26 records from 13 studies were examined. A fixed effect model was constructed assigning incidence as the measurement of the outcome. Risk ratio (RR) was the parameter that measured the incidence differences between treated group and control group. Studies and records were categorised based on vaccine antigens. In vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus, RR was 0.76; 95% CI (0.65,0.89), while in vaccine against Escherichia coli RR was 0.96; 95% CI (0.86,1.08)

Deep Neural Network for Robust Speech Recognition With Auxiliary Features From Laser-Doppler Vibrometer Sensor

Recently, the signal captured from a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) sensor been used to improve the noise robustness automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems by enhancing the acoustic signal prior to feature extraction. This study proposes another approach in which auxiliary features extracted from the LDV signal are used alongside conventional acoustic features to further improve ASR performance based on the use of a deep neural network (DNN) as the acoustic model. While this approach is promising, the best training data sets for ASR do not include LDV data in parallel with the acoustic signal. Thus, to leverage such existing large-scale speech databases, a regres- sion DNN is designed to map acoustic features to LDV features. This regression DNN is well trained from a limited size parallel signal data set, then used to form pseudo-LDV features from a massive speech data set for parallel training of an ASR system. Our experiments show that both the features from the limited scale LDV data set as well as the massive scale pseudo-LDV features are able to train an ASR system that significantly outperforms one using acoustic features alone, in both quiet and noisy environments

Spin Speed and Supportedness Correlation and Evolution of Galaxy-Halo Systems

Galaxy angular momenta (spins) contain valuable cosmological information, complementing with their positions and velocities. The baryonic spin direction of galaxies have been probed as a reliable tracer of their host halos and the primordial spin modes. Here we use the TNG100 simulation of the IllustrisTNG project to study the spin magnitude correlations between dark matter, gas and stellar components of galaxy-halo systems, and their evolutions across the cosmic history. We find that these components generate similar initial spin magnitudes from the same tidal torque in Lagrangian space. At low redshifts, the gas component still traces the spin magnitude of dark matter halo and the primordial spin magnitude. However, the traceability of stellar component depends on the $ex$ $situ$ stellar mass fraction, $f_{\rm acc}$. Our results suggest that the galaxy baryonic spin magnitude can also serve as a tracer of their host halo and the initial perturbations, and the similarity of their evolution histories affects the galaxy-halo correlations.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, comments welcom

Saturable Absorption and Modulation Characteristics of Laser with Graphene Oxide Spin Coated on ITO Substrate

The graphene oxide (GO) thin film has been obtained by mixture of GO spin coated on substrate of indium tin oxide (ITO). The experiment has shown that continuous-wave laser is modulated when the graphene oxide saturable absorber (GO-SA) is employed in the 1064 nm laser cavity. The shortest pulse width is 108 ns at the pump power of 5.04 W. Other output laser characteristics, such as the threshold pump power, the repetition rate, and the peak power, have also been measured. The results have demonstrated that graphene oxide is an available saturable absorber for 1064 nm passive Q-switching laser

Quantitative Analysis of Intestinal Flora of Uygur and Han Ethnic Chinese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Aim. To study the correlation between intestinal flora and ulcerative colitis by analyzing the abundance of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium spp., and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the intestinal of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and healthy controls with Uygur and Han ethnic. Methods. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and analyzed with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the abundance of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium spp., and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Results. The samples from UC patients, Uygur and Han ethnic combined, had higher abundance of Bacteroides (P=0.026) but lower Clostridium (P=0.004), Bifidobacterium spp. (P=0.009), and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P=0.008) than those from healthy controls. Among UC patients, Bacteroides population was raised in acute UC patients (P≤0.05), while the abundance of Clostridium, Bifidobacterium spp., Fusobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased (P≤0.05) compared with the remission. In both UC patients group and control group, no difference was observed in the abundance of these 5 bacteria between the Han and the Uygur group. Conclusions. Variations in the abundance of these five bacterial strains in intestines may be associated with the occurrence of UC in Uygur and Han populations; however, these variations were not associated with ethnic difference