Empowering Citizens with Digital Twins: A Blueprint

The exponentially growing amount of digital information and data analysis increase the ability to perceive the holistic situation of people. This article applies the digital twin paradigm to strengthen a person's ability to utilize information about themselves by creating a digital representation of their situation to support their well-being. More specifically, we propose a blueprint to empower individuals by improving their self-determination regarding their personal data. The blueprint will help service and data providers, both public and private, to develop a common understanding of the role and possibilities of a citizen's controlled personal digital twin of themselves-a citizen digital twin (CDT)-for creating people-centric solutions. The blueprint also provides a rational framework for service development based on CDTs and serves as a basis for strategic guidance of service development. We demonstrate this with a case study of confirmation class students.Peer reviewe

Planning of Dependable Remote Handling Control System Architecture for ITER

The experimental ITER fusion reactor will feature a number of remote handling (RH) systems that perform maintenance and replacement operations in the reactor. RH control systems must be fail-safe and recoverable, since no humans are allowed in the reactor and a failure could cause major economic losses or setbacks for the research program. ITER is a complex system and requirements for RH system opera-tions are demanding, including radiation toler-ance, limits for available space, heavy objects etc. The RH control software must be dependa-ble and operate in real-time, while supporting the changes introduced during the multidecadal lifetime of the ITER plant. Although the funda-mentals of implementing teleoperation systems are well-known, the application remains de-manding because of the environment, dependa-bility and interoperability requirements. Fault-tolerance techniques based on replication of components can be costly and introduce addi-tional complexity in the system. To achieve the goal cost-efficiently, the research aims to find and utilize the most useful methods from fault prevention, fault removal, fault tolerance and fault forecasting methodologies, all of which are necessary to ensure required dependability. These will be combined in a lean systems engi-neering framework that will include a reference architecture, hardware and software modules, processes and recommendations for develop-ment practices.Peer reviewe

Governing Ethical AI Transformation

Funding Information: JL and NW wish to acknowledge the project Ethical AI for the Governance of the Society (ETAIROS), funded by the Strategic Research Council at the Academy of Finland. AJ’s work was supported by a Fulbright-Nokia Distinguished Chair award and a U.S. NSF Awards#1937950, 1939105; USDA/NIFA Award#2021-67021-35329. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Leikas, Johri, Latvanen, Wessberg and Hahto.How can the public sector use AI ethically and responsibly for the benefit of people? The sustainable development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector requires dialogue and deliberation between developers, decision makers, deployers, end users, and the public. This paper contributes to the debate on how to develop persuasive government approaches for steering the development and use of AI. We examine the ethical issues and the role of the public in the debate on developing public sector governance of socially and democratically sustainable and technology-intensive societies. To concretize this discussion, we study the co-development of a Finnish national AI program AuroraAI, which aims to provide citizens with tailored and timely services for different life situations, utilizing AI. With the help of this case study, we investigate the challenges posed by the development and use of AI in the service of public administration. We draw particular attention to the efforts made by theAuroraAI Ethics Board in deliberating the AuroraAI solution options and working toward a sustainable and inclusive AI society.Peer reviewe