97 research outputs found
Experimental multi-photon-resolving detector using a single avalanche photodiode
A multichannel detector has been constructed using a single avalanche
photodiode and a fiber-loop delay line. Detection probabilities of the channels
can be set using a variable-ratio coupler. The performance of the detector is
demonstrated on its capability to distinguish multi-photon states (containing
two or more photons) from the one-photon state and the vacuum state.Comment: LATEX, 11 pages, 5 PostScript figure
Characterisation of the Physical Chemical Processes Using the Fractal and Harmonic Analysis
Existuje mnoho různých způsobů jak analyzovat disperzní systémy a fyzikálně chemické processy ke kterým v takových systémech dochází. Tato práce byla zaměřena na charakterizaci těchto procesů pomocí metod harmonické fraktální analýzy. Obrazová data sledovaných systémů byly analyzovány pomocí waveletové analýzy. V průběhu práce byly navrženy různé optimalizace samotné analýzy, převážně zaměřené na odstranění manuálních operací během analýzy a tyto optimalizace byly také inkorporovány do softérového vybavení pro Harmonickou Fraktální Analýzu HarFA, který je vyvíjen na Fakultě chemické, VUT Brno.There are many different ways to characterize the dispersed systems and processes occuring in such systems. This work focuses on use of Fractal properties of such systems to describe the physical and chemical processes occuring in such systems. The Fractal properties are calculated from the image data of the systems under the observation using the Wavelet analysis. Since the Harmonic Fractal Analysis can be relatively easily automated, the work also focuses on algorithmisation of the analysis and the removal all manual steps from the process. The automation have been performed by incorporating all the findings into the software for Harmonic Fractal Analysis HarFA developed at the Faculty of Chemistry, BUT.
Photon-number distributions of twin beams generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion and measured by an intensified CCD camera
The measurement of photon-number statistics of fields composed of photon
pairs, generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion and detected by an
intensified CCD camera is described. Final quantum detection efficiencies,
electronic noises, finite numbers of detector pixels, transverse intensity
spatial profiles of the detected beams as well as losses of single photons from
a pair are taken into account in a developed general theory of photon-number
detection. The measured data provided by an iCCD camera with single-photon
detection sensitivity are analyzed along the developed theory. Joint
signal-idler photon-number distributions are recovered using the reconstruction
method based on the principle of maximum likelihood. The range of applicability
of the method is discussed. The reconstructed joint signal-idler photon-number
distribution is compared with that obtained by a method that uses superposition
of signal and noise and minimizes photoelectron entropy. Statistics of the
reconstructed fields are identified to be multi-mode Gaussian. Elements of the
measured as well as the reconstructed joint signal-idler photon-number
distributions violate classical inequalities. Sub-shot-noise correlations in
the difference of the signal and idler photon numbers as well as partial
suppression of odd elements in the distribution of the sum of signal and idler
photon numbers are observed.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figure
Absolute calibration of photon-number-resolving detectors with an analog output using twin beams
A method for absolute calibration of a photon-number resolving detector
producing analog signals as the output is developed using a twin beam. The
method gives both analog-to-digital conversion parameters and quantum detection
efficiency for the photon fields. Characteristics of the used twin beam are
also obtained. A simplified variant of the method applicable to fields with
high signal to noise ratios and suitable for more intense twin beams is
suggested.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
- …