Package of the 2023

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The Effectiveness of Using Video Modeling Techniques to Improve Motor Skills for Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Beside the main syndromes of socialization and communication for individuals with autism spectrum disorders, they also have impairments in motor skills, such as ball skills (catching and throwing) and postural stability (standing and walking balance). The main objective of this dissertation is to improve motor skills for preschooler children with ASD through use of video-modeling techniques. A secondary objective of this research was to find a correlation between the development and improvement of ball skills and balance tasks. Twenty-six children with ASD were divided into two groups. Twenty-six children with ASD from 3-5 years old participated in two groups: one using video-modeling and another using live-demonstrations as early interventions. Four independent variables of motor skills were used in this study, including catching, throwing, standing and walking balance, throughout 10 sessions. Each session included four blocks with which to practice each motor skill in about 60 minutes. The results of this study indicated that there were positive improvements for the video-modeling group in the performance of ball skills (catching and throwing) and balance tasks (standing and walking) with significant correlation between the development of ball skills and balance tasks. The findings of this study contribute to knowledge regarding the development of motor skills for children with ASD, and they provides caregivers who are working with children, such as physical education teachers, therapists, and parents, video modeling as a teaching strategy to enhance the motor skills as an early intervention

Evaluation of the Conceptual Model of Knowledge Management Audit in the Iranian Medical Universities’ Libraries

Introduction: Knowledge audit is a systematic evaluation of organizational knowledge health. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the conceptual model of knowledge management audit in the Iranian medical universities’ libraries. Materials and Methods: The present study used a mixed method including qualitative and survey-analytical type. In order to identify the indicators of the conceptual model of knowledge management audit, the fuzzy Delphi technique was used by 12 experts during two stages; and to validate the identified indicators, the second-order confirmatory factor analysis of smart pls software was used. The statistical population to approve the model include 122 managers and librarians of university libraries of medical sciences. Results: The conceptual model of knowledge management audit was obtained in three dimensions, 13 indicators and 55 sub-indicators. The three dimensions including the stage after knowledge management audit (0.8550), before knowledge management audit (0.8460), and during knowledge management implementation (0.8430) were the most important, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained criteria and indicators showed the approval and acceptable fit of the conceptual model of knowledge management audit in the library of Iranian universities of medical sciences.   &nbsp

A genre analysis of reprint request emails written by EFL and physics professionals

The present study aimed to analyze reprint request e-mail messages written by postgraduates (MA students) of two fields of study, namely Physics and EFL, to realize the differences and similarities between the two email types. The results showed that the two corpora were much alike at the level of move schemata while there were some differences concerning strategies and microstructural features. The results showed that the two corpora were much alike at the level of move schemata while there were some differences concerning strategies and microstructural features. The email writers within each discipline were affected by their previously learned texts and the physics group was affected by the conventions of Persian letter writing. The email writers within each discipline were affected by their previously learned texts and the physics group was affected by the conventions of Persian letter writing<br /

Evaluation of Dispersion for Soil Properties from Faw City- Southern Iraq

في هذه الدراسة تم حفر اربعة حفر وبعمق 0.5 متر و عمق 1.5 متر في اماكن مختلفة في مدينة الفاو باستخدام الة لثقب وجمع العينات. تم تحديد تربة منطقة الدراسة باختبارات التصنيف لتكون&nbsp; التربة طينية غرينية من نوع (CL) في نظام التصنيف الموحد للتربة.ايضا اجريت اختبارات تشتت التربة مثل اختبار تشتت خصائص التربة والتحليل الكيميائي واختبار الاشعة السينية الحائدة . واظهرت نتائج هذه الاختبارات ان تربة منطقة الدراسة منخفضة التشتت من الدرجة الثانية باستثناء الموقع الرابع كان تربة غير مشتتة. تم تحديد قيم الاملاح الكلية الذائبة في المياه المسامية للتربة بتقدير التراكيز الكلية للكاتيونات الذائبة ( Ca, Mg, Na, k) و استخدام تقنية معايرة (ETDA ) للكالسيوم والمغنيسيوم وتقنية اللهب. اظهرت ان ترب منطقة الدراسة في المواقع الاربعة في النطاق (C) تمثل منطقة تشتت متوسطة حسب مخطط تشتت الترب. و اظهرت نتائج نسبة امتصاص الصوديوم (SAR) ان قيمها تمثل ان التربة في المنطقة المشتتة. كما بينت نتائج الاشعة السينية الحائدة ان معادن الكوارتز والكالسايت والدولومايت والطين تشكل غالبية عينات التربة. وتشمل معادن الاطيان الرئيسية السمكتايت (مونتموريلونايت) والباليكورسكايت والكاؤولينايت. كما بينت نتائج اختبارات الاملاح الكلية الذائبة تنوع في اختبارات تشتت الترب واختلاف المحتوى المعدني والكيميائي للترب. ومن الضروري اجراء المزيد من البحث والتفصيل للمعادن الموجودة وتقييم اهمية المعادن الطينية. وتعد عمليات التشتت وتحديد التربة وتصنيفها من اهداف البحث الرئيسة.Four boreholes were drilled in four different places of the AL- Faw city using a hand auger, disturbed samples were collected at depths of 0.5 and 1.5 meters. The soil of the study area was determined by classification tests to be silty clay, CL-type soil in the Unifined Classification System of Soils. Soil dispersion tests such as the Crumb test, chemical analysis and XRD tests were conducted, and the results of crumb test&nbsp; showed that the soil of the study area was low dispersive from grade 2 except for the fourth site was a non-dispersive soil. The values of Total Salts Dissolved (TDS) in the pore water of the soil, was determined by estimating the total concentration of dissolved cations (Na, K, Ca and Mg) .The ETDA titration technique&nbsp; (for Ca and Mg) and the flame photometer were used to test this pore water (for Na and K), and it showed that the soil of the study area in the four sites within the C zone represented the Intermediate dispersive soil classification chart, and the results from Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) values showed that the soil in the area was dispersive. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The XRD data showed that the minerals quartz, calcite, dolomite, and clay made up the majority of the soil samples. The principal clay minerals included Smectite (Montmorillonite),&nbsp; Palygorskite and&nbsp; Kaolinite. The results of the Total dissolved salts test showed a variety of the Crumb test for a difference in the soil content of mineral and chemical components. It is necessary to conduct further research on the XRD analysis with detailed interpretation of the minerals present, the importance of clay mineral types like Smectite should be assessed. The study of dispersion processes, the identification and classification of soils from specific tests and the identification of soils are the main objectives of this research

Computational Studies on Cellular Metabolism:From Biochemical Pathways to Complex Metabolic Networks

Biotechnology promises the biologically and ecologically sustainable production of commodity chemicals, biofuels, pharmaceuticals and other high-value products using industrial platform microorganisms. Metabolic engineering plays a key role in this process, providing the tools for targeted modifications of microbial metabolism to create efficient microbial cell factories that convert low value substrates to value-added chemicals. Engineering microbes for the bioproduction of chemicals has been practiced through three different approaches: (i) optimization of native pathways of a host organism; (ii) incorporation of heterologous pathways in an amenable organism; and finally (iii) design and introduction of synthetic pathways in an organism. So far, the progress that has been made in the biosynthesis of chemicals was mostly achieved using the first two approaches. Nevertheless, many novel biosynthetic pathways for the production of native and non-native compounds that have potential to provide near-theoretical yields and high specific production rates of chemicals remain yet to be discovered. Therefore, the third approach is crucial for the advancement of bio-based production of value-added chemicals. We need to fully comprehend and analyze the existing knowledge of metabolism in order to generate new hypotheses and design de novo pathways. In this thesis, through development and application of efficient computational methods, we took the research path to expand our understanding of cell metabolism with the aim to discover novel knowledge about metabolic networks. We analyze different aspects of metabolism through five distinct studies. In the first study, we begin with a holistic view of the enzymatic reactions across all the species, and we propose a computational approach for identifying all the theoretically possible enzymatic reactions based on the known biochemistry. We organize our results in a web-based database called âAtlas of biochemistryâ. In the second study, we focus on one of the most structurally diverse and ubiquitous constituents of metabolism, the lipid metabolism. Here we propose a computational framework for integrating lipid species with unknown metabolic/catabolic pathways into metabolic networks. In our next study, we investigate the full metabolic capacity of E. coli. We explore computationally all enzymatic potentials of this organism, and we introduce the âSuper E. coliâ, a new and advanced chassis for metabolic engineering studies. Our next contribution concentrates on the development of a new method for the atom-level description of metabolic networks. We demonstrate the significance of our approach through the reconstruction of atom-level map of the E. coli central metabolism. In the last study, we turn our focus on studying the thermodynamics of metabolism and we present our original approach for estimating the thermodynamic properties of an important class of metabolites. So far, the available thermodynamic properties either from experiments or the computational methods are estimated with respect to the standard conditions, which are different from typical biological conditions. Our workflow paves the way for reliable computing of thermochemical properties of biomolecules at biological conditions of temperature and pressure. Finally, in the conclusion chapter, we discuss the outlook of this work and the potential further applications of the computational methods that were developed in this thesis

Correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa: A meta-analysis

Biofilm formation is one of the important resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to consider the correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through a systematic review and meta-analysis. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) strategies. Scientific databases were searched by MeSH terms and keywords such as �Pseudomonas aeruginosa�, �biofilm formation�, �antibiotic resistance�, �prevalence� AND �Iran�, to obtain articles published from 1st January 2016 to 30th November 2019. Studies recording biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa recovered from clinical samples of Iranian patients were included. Data analysis was performed using CMA software. The combined biofilm formation rate was reported as 87.6 (95 CI: 80-92.5). The heterogeneity index among the selected articles was Q2=96.5, I2=85.5, and t=0.26 (p=0.16). The pooled occurrences of strong, moderate and weak biofilms were 47.7 (95 CI: 28.7-67.3), 30.2 (95 CI: 19.4-43.8), and 27.4 (95 CI: 8.8-59.8), respectively. The pooled prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa strains was as follows: 62.5 (95 CI: 40-77.2). The highest combined rates of antibiotic resistance were against ceftriaxone and tobramycin with the rates of 79.2.9 (95 CI: 54.2-96.2) and 64.4 (95 CI: 36.3-92), respectively. Also, the lowermost antibiotic resistance rates were against colistin and polymyxin B, with the prevalence of 2.1 (95 CI: 0.2-18.1), and 3 (95 CI: 0.5-17.3), respectively. More than half of the studies included in the present review showed a significant correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance pattern. © 2020, EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche. All rights reserved

Rationale and Design of a Registry in a Referral and Educational Medical Center in Tehran, Iran: Sina Hospital Covid-19 Registry (SHCo-19R)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by the novel coronavirus resulting in a highly contagious respiratory tract infection with an increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which was first seen in Wuhan, China. Thus far, this virus has spread to many countries worldwide, including Iran. Multiple studies have assessed disease characteristics, viral genetics, and complications of Covid-19 in the Chinese population. However, there is limited data regarding patient characteristics and outcomes of infected cases outside of China. Besides, risk factors of adverse outcomes are poorly identified in different populations. Due to limited data in the Iranian population affected by the virus, we aimed to design a registry of patients with Covid-19 at Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran [Sina Hospital Covid-19 Registry (SHCo-19R)] in this regard, to assess patient characteristics, imaging features, laboratory findings, management strategies, and adverse outcomes of Iranian patients with Covid-19 and their differences with other populations