78 research outputs found
Classification and Profiles of Students Based on Their Motivations Concerning Higher Education
Cluster analysis was used to create segments of high school graduates based on their motivations/opinions regarding their future education. Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire distributed to high school graduates following State Matura exam. The students were asked to evaluate the importance of 13 different reasons/causes for choosing the faculty selected as their first choice. The analysis yielded five meaningful clusters of students that differ not only in motivations, but also in achievement on State Matura exams and in their preference regarding the scientific field of their future study
Assessment of communication abilities in persons with traumatic brain injuries during rehabilitation
Komunikacijske su teÅ”koÄe kod osoba s traumatskom ozljedom mozga razliÄite, uzimajuÄi u obzir rasprostranjenost ozljede, vrstu udaraca i težinu traumatskog oÅ”teÄenja mozga. Cilj ovoga rada, i u tu svrhu provedenog istraživanja, bila je procjena komunikacijskih sposobnosti osoba s traumatskim oÅ”teÄenjem mozga na verbalnom, gestovnom i grafiÄkom modalitetu primjenom Porch indeksa komunikacijskih sposobnosti (Porch Index of Communicative Ability, PICA, B. E. Porch, 1981) prevedenog i prilagoÄenog hrvatskom jeziku. Ispitivanje je provedeno na 14 ispitanika obaju spolova, u dobi od 21 do 62 godine, kroz tri vremenska razdoblja u razmaku od tri mjeseca, kako bi se pratio napredak ispitanika kroz ponovljena ispitivanja. Svi su ispitanici bili na lijeÄenju i rehabilitaciji u Specijalnoj bolnici za medicinsku rehabilitaciju u Krapinskim Toplicama. Prikupljeni su podatci obraÄeni univarijantno i multivarijntno. KoriÅ”ten je Friedmanov neparametrijski test za testiranje znaÄajnosti razlika aritmetiÄkih sredina malih zavisnih uzoraka. Za analizu sustava varijabli kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih promjena jednog uzorka u dvije vremenske toÄke koriÅ”ten je program PROM (NikoliÄ, 1997). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na najmanji stupanj oporavka u verbalnom modalitetu. Gestovni modalitet je znaÄajno oÅ”teÄen u poÄetnim ispitivanjima, ali se pod utjecajem terapije brže oporavlja. GrafiÄki modalitet opisuju najloÅ”iji rezultati zbog pareza ili plegija ekstremiteta. Rezultati ukazuju i na važnost zastupljenosti odreÄenog modaliteta u ranoj rehabilitaciji komunikacijskih poteÅ”koÄa nakon ozljede mozga.Communication abilities can be affected differently by traumatic brain injury because of differences in the types of impact and the types and severity of brain lesions. The present study used a Croatian version of the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (Porch, 1981) to assess verbal, gesticular and graphic communication abilities in persons with traumatic brain injuries (in 14 men and women aged 21-62 years). Assessments were performed three times at intervals of 3 months during rehabilitation at a specialized clinic in Krapinske Toplice. Data were analyzed using uni- and multivariate analyses. The Friedman nonparametric test was used to assess the significance of differences between small dependent samples. PROM software (NikoliÄ, 1997) was used to compare quantitative and qualitative changes between two time points within one sample. The results indicate that rehabilitation was more effective for gesticular abilities, less effective for verbal abilities, and least effective for graphic abilities, reflecting the presence of pareses and plegias of extremities. The results point to the importance of targeting certain communication abilities during early rehabilitation after brain injury
UÄestalost dizartrije kod pacijenata s traumatskom ozljedom mozga
Traumatic brain injury (TOM) causes a variety of speech disorders, among which dysarthria
predominates. Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that occurs due to impaired neuro-muscular
control and mobility of muscles that are used to produce speech. Dysarthria as a speech difficulty
often persists for a very long time after a traumatic brain injury and interferes with the quality of
communication. Isolated studies on the incidence of dysarthria in individuals with TOM are very rare.
The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of dysarthria in individuals who have experienced
traumatic brain injury. The sample consisted of 60 subjects with an average age of 39,1(SD = 16,55), and
an average age of education of 12,35 (SD = 1,63), 6 women I 54 men,time of assessment of dysarthria
from injury is 1,26 month (SD=4,49). Subjects were treated in the Department of Medical Rehabilitation
of Neurological Patients at the Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske Toplice in the
period from 1 September 2020 to 1 September 2021.
To determine the existence of dysarthria the Dysarthria Screening Test was used.
For the purpose of statistical data processing, descriptive statistics, Chi square test and T test were
used.
The research results showed that of the total number of subjects (N = 83) included in speech therapy,
dysarthria was present in 24 subjects, or 28.9%.
Given the high incidence of dysarthria in people with traumatic brain injury, the professional contribution
of this research would be an insight into the importance of early assessment and treatment of this
speech impairment that significantly affects the functioning and communication of a person in
everyday life.Traumatska ozljeda mozga (TOM) uzrokuje razliÄite govorne poremeÄaje, meÄu kojima dominira
dizartrija. Dizartrija je poremÄaj govora koji se javlja zbog oÅ”teÄenja neuro-miÅ”iÄne kontrole i
pokretljivosti govornih organa. Dizartrija kao govorna teÅ”koÄa Äesto perzistira vrlo dugo nakon
zadobivene traumatske ozljede mozga i ometa kvalitetu komunikacije. Izolirane studije o uÄestalosti
dizartrije kod osoba sa TOM-om vrlo su rijetke.
Cilj ovog rada bio bi utvrditi uÄestalost dizartrije kod osoba koje su doživjele traumatsku ozljedu mozga
koji su bili na stacionarnoj rehabilitaciji u Specijalnoj bolnici za medicinsku rehabilitaciju Krapinske
Toplice u razdoblju ood 01.09.2020. do 01.09.2021. godine. Uzorak su Äinila 60 ispitanika prosjeÄne
starosti 39,1 (SD=16,55), i prosjeÄnih godina obrazovanja 12,35(SD= 1,63) i to 6 žena i 54 muÅ”karaca,
vrijeme procjene disartrije od ozljede je 1,26 mjeseci(SD=4,49).
U odreÄivanju postojanja dizartrije koristili smo Skrining test za dizartriju.
Od statistiÄkih testova koriÅ”tena je deskriptivna statistika, Hi kvadrat test i T test.
Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su da od ukupnog broja ispitanika njih 60 koji su bili upuÄeni na logopedski
tretman u navedom peiodu dizartija bila prisutna kod njih 23 ,odnosno 38,33 %.
Obzirom na visoku uÄestalost dizartrije kod osoba sa traumatskom ozljedom mozga struÄni doprinos
ovog istarživanja bio bi uvid u znaÄaj pravovremene procjene i tretmana navedenog govornog oÅ”teÄenja
koji bitno utjeÄe na funkcioniranje i komunikaciju osobe u svakodnevnom život
UÄestalost dizartrije kod pacijenata sa moždanim udarom
Stroke can cause various forms of dysarthria in patients. Studies of dysarthria in this population are
relatively rare, and empirical data on its frequency are quite variable. The aim of this study was to
determine the incidence of dysarthria in stroke patients referred for speech therapy.
The sample consisted of 152 subjects with stroke who were referred for a speech therapy examination.
The age of the respondents was 55 years (SD = 10.04), the average age of education was 13 years (SD
= 10.04), the male person was 98 (64.4%), while the female person was 54 (35.5%). The average time
from stroke was 8 months (SD = 18.92). The examinedes were in inpatient rehabilitation treatment at
the Clinic for Rehabilitation āDr. Miroslav ZotoviÄā in Belgrade, in the period from September 1, 2020 to
September 1, 2021. years.
A screening test for dysarthria was used to determine the presence of dysarthria. From the statistical
tests, descriptive statistics, Chi square test, and T test were used. The results showed the presence of
dysarthria in 44 (29%) subjects included in the study.
Given the high incidence of dysarthria in persons after stroke, the data indicate the importance of
timely assessment and treatment to enable the best possible functioning of the person in everyday
life and communicationMoždani udar (MU) može da uzrokuje razliÄite forme dizartrije kod obolelih. Studije dizartrije u ovoj
populaciji su relativno retke, a empirijski podaci o njenoj uÄestalosti priliÄno varijabilni. Cilj ovog rada
je utvrÄivanje uÄestalosti dizartrije kod pacijenata sa moždanim udarom koji su upuÄeni na logopedski
tretman. Uzorak se sastojao od 152 ispitanika sa MU koji su upuÄeni na logopedski pregled. Starosna
dob ispitanika bila je 55 godina (SD = 10.04), proseÄne godine obrazovanja bile su 13 godina (SD = 10.04),
osoba muÅ”kog pola bilo je 98 (64,4%), dok je osoba ženskog pola bilo 54 (35,5%). ProseÄno vreme od
povrede iznosilo je 8 meseci (SD = 18.92). Ispitanici su se nalazili na stacionarnom rehabilitacionom
tretmanu na Klinici za rehabilitaciju āādr Miroslav ZotoviÄāā u Beogradu, u periodu od 01.09.2020 do
01.09.2021. godine.
U odreÄivanju prisutva dizartrije koriÅ”Äen je Skrining test za dizartriju. Od statistiÄkih testova koriÅ”Äena
je deskriptivna statistika, Hi kvadrat test, i T test. Rezultati su pokazali prisustvo dizartrije kod 44 (29%)
ispitanika ukljuÄenih u studiju. S obzirom na visoku uÄestalost dizartrije kod osoba nakon MU, podaci
ukazuju na znaÄaj pravovremene procene i tretmana kako bi se omoguÄilo Å”to bolje funkcionisanje
osobe u svakodnevnom živototu i komunikaciji
Smjernice za rano prepoznavanje, dijagnostiku i terapiju neurogene orofaringealne disfagije [Guidelines for early detection, diagnostics and therapy of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia]
Guidelines for the early detection, diagnostics and therapy of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia have been made as a result of collaboration of clinicians of different backgrounds who are dealing with patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia (NOD). These guidelines have been written by the representatives of the Croatian Society of Clinical Nutrition, Croatian Medical Association, Croatian Neurological Society, Croatian Medical Association, Croatian Society of Gastroenterology and Croatian Society of Nutritionists and Dietitians. The aim of these guidelines is to raise the awareness about NOD that is encountered in acute and chronic neurological diseases, especially in patients with stroke, extrapyramidal diseases, neuromuscular and demyelinisation diseases and dementia. We provide a detailed description of diagnostics of dysphagia, and we recommend the establishment of a multidisciplinary team for dysphagia involving neurologists, internists, speech therapists, dietitians, pharmacists and nurses with special competences for the management of NOD. An educated team member conducts diagnostics and rehabilitation in accordance with the validated tools, classifications and categorizations shown in these guidelines to allow a systematic and consistent treatment. The guidelines also provide detailed algorithms for introducing nutritional support ā from the application of modified texture foods, proper hydration to artificial nutrition (enteral and parenteral nutrition)
GUIDELINES FOR EARLY DETECTION, DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPY OF NEUROGENIC OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA
Smjernice za rano prepoznavanje, dijagnostiku i terapiju neurogene orofaringealne disfagije nastale su suradnjom kliniÄara razliÄitih disciplina koji se bave brojnim aspektima skrbi o bolesnicima s neurogenom orofaringealnom disfagijom (NOD). U izradi smjernica sudjelovali su predstavnici Hrvatskog druÅ”tva za kliniÄku prehranu Hrvatskoga lijeÄniÄkog zbora (HLZ-a), Hrvatskoga neuroloÅ”kog druÅ”tva HLZ-a, Hrvatskoga gastroenteroloÅ”kog druÅ”tva i Hrvatskog druÅ”tva nutricionista i dijetetiÄara. Smjernice imaju cilj poveÄati svijest o NOD-u koji se javlja kod akutnih i kroniÄnih neuroloÅ”kih bolesti, posebice kod moždanog udara, ekstrapiramidnih bolesti, neuromuskularnih i demijelinizacijskih bolesti te demencija. Nadalje, smjernice donose detaljan opis dijagnostike disfagije te preporuÄuju osnivanje multidisciplinarnog tima za disfagiju u kojem sudjeluju neurolozi, internisti, logopedi, dijetetiÄari, farmaceuti i medicinske sestre s posebnim kompetencijama na podruÄju NOD-a. Educirani Älan tima provodi dijagnostiku i rehabilitaciju u skladu s provjerenim alatima, klasifikacijama i kategorizacijama prikazanim u ovim smjernicama kako bi se omoguÄilo sustavno i izjednaÄeno postupanje. Smjernice donose i detaljne algoritme uvoÄenja nutritivne potpore ā od primjene hrane promijenjene teksture, pravilne hidracije do artificijalne prehrane (enteralne i parenteralne).Guidelines for the early detection, diagnostics and therapy of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia have been made as a result of collaboration of clinicians of different backgrounds who are dealing with patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia (NOD). These guidelines have been written by the representatives of the Croatian Society of Clinical Nutrition, Croatian Medical Association, Croatian Neurological Society, Croatian Medical Association, Croatian Society of Gastroenterology and Croatian Society of Nutritionists and Dietitians. The aim of these guidelines is to raise the awareness about NOD that is encountered in acute and chronic neurological diseases, especially in patients with stroke, extrapyramidal diseases, neuromuscular and demyelinisation diseases and dementia. We provide a detailed description of diagnostics of dysphagia, and we recommend the establishment of a multidisciplinary team for dysphagia involving neurologists, internists, speech therapists, dietitians, pharmacists and nurses with special competences for the management of NOD. An educated team member conducts diagnostics and rehabilitation in accordance with the validated tools, classifications and categorizations shown in these guidelines to allow a systematic and consistent treatment. The guidelines also provide detailed algorithms for introducing nutritional support ā from the application of modified texture foods, proper hydration to artificial nutrition (enteral and parenteral nutrition)
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