Römer - Baiern - Franken. Archäologie, Namenforschung, Sprachgeschichte im Main-Donau-Raum

Der Band stellt ausgewählte Aspekte der älteren Siedlungs- und Sprachgeschichte im Main-Donau-Raum in den Mittelpunkt. Durch die interdisziplinäre Ausrichtung wird es möglich, archäologische Befunde mit den sprachlichen Spuren in den Namen in Beziehung zu setzen. In römischer Zeit teilte der Limes das nördliche Bayern. Die Frage nach römischen Namenspuren berührt sich direkt mit der archäologischen Problematik der Kontinuität Spätantike-Frühmittelalter. Mit der wiederum durch Grabungen nachgewiesenen germanischen Siedlung hängen zentrale sprachhistorische Probleme zusammen, insbesondere das der Entstehung des bairischen Sprachraums. Bairische Kennwörter wie Ertag für Dienstag und Pfinztag für Donnerstag weisen dabei auf ostgotische Einflüsse, während im System der Wochentagsbezeichnungen ansonsten die römischen Grundlagen dominieren. Vom Nordwesten her setzt sich seit der Merowingerzeit fränkischer Einfluss in Herrschaftsstrukturen durch, die bei einer aktuellen Grabung bei Gerolzhofen sichtbar geworden sind

Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria

Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while genetic analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves of immigration from outside the continent during periods of cultural change. However, population-level genome data that could shed light on the demographic processes occurring during the intervening periods have been absent. Therefore, we generated genomic data from 41 individuals dating mostly to the late 5th/early 6th century AD from present-day Bavaria in southern Germany, including 11 whole genomes (mean depth 5.56×). In addition we developed a capture array to sequence neutral regions spanning a total of 5 Mb and 486 functional polymorphic sites to high depth (mean 72×) in all individuals. Our data indicate that while men generally had ancestry that closely resembles modern northern and central Europeans, women exhibit a very high genetic heterogeneity; this includes signals of genetic ancestry ranging from western Europe to East Asia. Particularly striking are women with artificial skull deformations; the analysis of their collective genetic ancestry suggests an origin in southeastern Europe. In addition, functional variants indicate that they also differed in visible characteristics. This example of female-biased migration indicates that complex demographic processes during the Early Medieval period may have contributed in an unexpected way to shape the modern European genetic landscape. Examination of the panel of functional loci also revealed that many alleles associated with recent positive selection were already at modern-like frequencies in European populations ∼1,500 years ago

Adapting a Dementia Care Management Intervention for Regional Implementation: A Theory-Based Participatory Barrier Analysis

Dementia is a leading cause of disability and dependency in older people worldwide. As the number of people affected increases, so does the need for innovative care models. Dementia care management (DCM) is an empirically validated approach for improving the care and quality of life for people with dementia (PwD) and caregivers. The aim of this study is to investigate the influencing factors and critical pathways for the implementation of a regionally adapted DCM standard in the existing primary care structures in the German region of Siegen-Wittgenstein (SW). Utilizing participatory research methods, five local health care experts as co-researchers conducted N = 13 semi-structured interviews with 22 local professionals and one caregiver as peer reviewers. Data collection and analysis were based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Our results show that among the most mentioned influencing factors, three CFIR constructs can be identified as both barriers and facilitators: Patients’ needs and resources, Relative advantage, and Cosmopolitanism. The insufficient involvement of relevant stakeholders is the major barrier and the comprehensive consideration of patient needs through dementia care managers is the strongest facilitating factor. The study underlines the vital role of barrier analysis in site-specific DCM implementation