O4‐05–07: Dementia and death: The effect of mortality on lifetime risks of dementia in a high risk cohort of older Mexican Americans

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152616/1/alzjjalz200805542.pd

P4‐026: Use of statins, LDL‐C and incidence of cognitive impairment or dementia in a seven‐year cohort study of older Mexican‐Americans

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152653/1/alzjjalz2008052090.pd

The development of peer coaching skills in primary school children in years 5 and 6

Can peer coaching skills be developed through ‘non academic’ tasks? The enquiry also aims to answer the following question: Can children give and receive feedback? The research methods reported are ethnographic combined with pre- and post- responses to the drawing task. The categorisation of the children’s drawings and their use of feedback were analysed and for the majority of children the quality of the feedback did not affect their choice of accepting the feedback or ignoring the suggestions made, which appeared counter to our initial hypothesis

P1–222: ApoE4 lipoprotein 4 reduces risk of dementia from high sensitivity C–reactive protein

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152633/1/alzjjalz200605599.pd

Acculturation and the Prevalence of Depression in Older Mexican Americans: Baseline Results of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging

HTo determine the association between acculturation, immigration, and prevalence of depression in older Mexican Americans. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis from a cohort study. SETTING: Urban and rural counties of the Central Valley of Northern California. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine Latinos recruited from a population-based sample (85% Mexican Americans) with a mean age of 70.6 (range 60–100; standard deviation (SD) = 7.13); 58.2% were women. MEASUREMENTS: Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression scale (CES-D). Acculturation was measured with the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans—II. Psychosocial, behavioral, and medical histories were also obtained. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression (CES-D ≥ 16) was 25.4%. Women were at greater risk (32.0%) than men (16.3%; male/female odds ratio (OR) = 2.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.90–3.09). The prevalence of depression was higher among immigrants (30.4%, OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.36–2.13), bicultural participants (24.2%, OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.24–2.24), and less-acculturated participants (36.1%, OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 2.22–3.93) compared with U.S.-born (20.5%) and more-acculturated groups (16.1%). When adjustments for education, income, psychosocial, behavioral, and health-problem factors were made, the least-acculturated participants were at significantly higher risk of depression than highly acculturated Mexican Americans (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.06–2.31). CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with previously reported estimates of a higher prevalence of depression for older Mexican Americans than non-Hispanic Caucasians and African Americans and are the first to report the prevalence and risk of depression for older U.S.-born and immigrant Mexican Americans. The high prevalence of depression of the least acculturated group may be related to cultural barriers encountered by immigrants and less-acculturated older Mexican Americans and to poorer health status.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65541/1/j.1532-5415.2001.49186.x.pd

Edward Hofer of The Lennox Independent

In 1913 a 14-year-old South Dakota native walked into the local weekly newspaper office and applied for the position of printer\u27s devil. The teenager was hired. Edward Hofer\u27s career, which has spanned more than 70 years, touched four southeastern South Dakota communities and included the responsibilities of editor/publisher at The Lennox Independent for more than 50 years. The journalist worked through two world wars, the 1930s depression, periods of prosperity, and great changes and advances in technology. The focus of this paper will be on a journalist/businessman supplying a community service--newspaper and job printing--for more than half a century in the same community. This thesis should give a better understanding of the role of a South Dakota weekly newspaper editor in the 20th century. The story of Hofer\u27s life and work in the field of printing and journalism is representative of a small-town editor\u27s struggle to exist and succeed. His story shows the work of one editor maintaining the only formal channel of communication in the area and keeping a community informed about news and events for more than a half century. Thomas F. Barnhart described a typical weekly editor in his 1936 book, Weekly Newspaper Management. The description could have been Hofer. He concerns himself primarily with the constructive side of commun1ty activities, reporting significant and insignificant news reliably, fairly, and interestingly. His paper thrives because of the curiosity of its readers which may be explained as a desire to know more about the lives of neighbors and friends. Hofer was a publisher recording news when South Dakota was entering its 35th year of statehood. As South Dakota approached the centennial mark of statehood, Hofer was still active in the printing and news business. The study of Hofer\u27s career will provide an historical overview of printing and journalism in rural mid-America. Hofer\u27s story spans nearly three-fourths of a century. The paper will also provide the author with a better understanding of journalism in her hometown and will provide the historians in Lennox and Lincoln County with a carefully researched biography of a long-time resident and newspaper editor. This paper will provide a summary of the history of The Lennox Independent and a biography of Edward Hofer. The paper will examine Hofer\u27s efforts to make the newspaper a profitable business through the supplement of income from the commercial printing business, especially the commercial carnival job business. The paper will also record how Edward Hofer used The Lennox Independent to promote the Lennox Municipal Band

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No abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55888/1/21016_ftp.pd

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with an increased rate of diabetes.

ObjectiveChronic infections could be contributing to the socioeconomic gradient in chronic diseases. Although chronic infections have been associated with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular disease, there is limited evidence on how infections affect risk of diabetes.Research design and methodsWe examined the association between serological evidence of chronic viral and bacterial infections and incident diabetes in a prospective cohort of Latino elderly. We analyzed data on 782 individuals aged >60 years and diabetes-free in 1998-1999, whose blood was tested for antibodies to herpes simplex virus 1, varicella virus, cytomegalovirus, Helicobacter pylori, and Toxoplasma gondii and who were followed until June 2008. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the relative incidence rate of diabetes by serostatus, with adjustment for age, sex, education, cardiovascular disease, smoking, and cholesterol levels.ResultsIndividuals seropositive for herpes simplex virus 1, varicella virus, cytomegalovirus, and T. gondii did not show an increased rate of diabetes, whereas those who were seropositive for H. pylori at enrollment were 2.7 times more likely at any given time to develop diabetes than seronegative individuals (hazard ratio 2.69 [95% CI 1.10-6.60]). Controlling for insulin resistance, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 did not attenuate the effect of H. pylori infection.ConclusionsWe demonstrated for the first time that H. pylori infection leads to an increased rate of incident diabetes in a prospective cohort study. Our findings implicate a potential role for antibiotic and gastrointestinal treatment in preventing diabetes

Measurements of women’s economic empowerment : from research to practice

French version available in IDRC Digital Library: Mesure de l’autonomisation économique des femmes : de la recherche à la pratiqueDespite much progress in monitoring women’s economic empowerment, there are large data gaps with respect to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) particularly in low-income countries. Measures and measuring tools may not be meaningful unless they are closely aligned to a specific context. This is pertinent in low-income contexts, where economic participation in the absence of supportive gender policies — may not be empowering, and where the nature of work itself is undergoing structural change. Comparable global indicators are necessary. The review of GrOW projects found over 40 different measures currently used to analyse women`s economic empowerment

Mesure de l’autonomisation économique des femmes : de la recherche à la pratique

Version anglaise disponible dans la Bibliothèque numérique du CRDI: Measurements of women’s economic empowerment : from research to practiceLes objectifs de développement durable pour l’autonomisation économique des femmes nécessitent des mesures claires et des définitions du progrès. Le programme CEDEF indique qu’il existe de nombreuses définitions de l’autonomisation économique des femmes, et qu’il n’existe pas d’approche universelle à cet égard. Les indicateurs doivent être clairement définis et refléter les contextes locaux et la disponibilité des données. Pour les institutions axées sur le développement, il est essentiel d’intégrer des indicateurs propres au contexte à l’intérieur des cadres de surveillance internationaux