Chaotic behavior of the Compound Nucleus, open Quantum Dots and other nanostructures

It is well established that physical systems exhibit both ordered and chaotic behavior. The chaotic behavior of nanostructure such as open quantum dots has been confirmed experimentally and discussed exhaustively theoretically. This is manifested through random fluctuations in the electronic conductance. What useful information can be extracted from this noise in the conductance? In this contribution we shall address this question. In particular, we will show that the average maxima density in the conductance is directly related to the correlation function whose characteristic width is a measure of energy- or applied magnetic field- correlation length. The idea behind the above has been originally discovered in the context of the atomic nucleus, a mesoscopic system. Our findings are directly applicable to graphene.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Contribution to: "4th International Workshop on Compound-Nuclear Reactions and Related Topics (CNR*13)", October 7-11, 2013, Maresias, Brazil. To appear in the proceeding

Deposition and characterization of PECVD phosphorus doped silicon oxynitride layers for integrated optics applications

Phosphorus-doped silicon oxynitride layers have been deposited by a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition process from $N_20$, 2% $SiH_4/N_2$ and 5% $PH_3/Ar$ gaseous mixtures. The $PH_3/Ar$ flow rate was varied to investigate the effect of the dopant to the layer properties. As deposited and annealed (600, 800, 900 and 1000 °C) layers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. In this way the refractive index could be determined as well as the amount of hydrogen that is responsible for enhanced absorption in the 3rd telecommunication window around 1550 nm. The N-H bonds concentration was found to decrease with the phosphorus concentration. Furthermore the bonded hydrogen in the entire P-doped layers have been eliminated after annealing at 1000 °C, while undoped SiON layers require annealing at 1150 °C

Reduction of hydrogen-induced optical losses of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition silicon oxynitride by phosphorus doping and heat treatment

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition phosphoros-doped silicon oxynitride (SiON) layers with a refractive index of 1.505 were deposited from $N_{2}O$, 2% $SiH_{4}/N_{2}$, and 5% $PH_{3}/Ar$ gaseous mixtures. The $PH_{3}/Ar$ flow rate was varied to investigate the effect of the dopant to the layer properties. We studied the compositions and the chemical environment of phosphorus, silicon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in these layers by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The number of N-H and O-H bonds, which are responsible for optical losses around 1.55 and 1.3 μm, decreases in the as-deposited layers with increasing phosphorus concentration. Furthermore, the bonded hyrogen in all P-doped layers has been eliminated after annealing at a temperature significantly lower than required for undoped silicon oxynitride layers, that is so to say 1000°C instead of 1150°C. The resulting optical loss in the entire third telecommunication window was well below 0.2dB/cm, making P-doped SiON an attractive material for demanding integrated optics applications

Influence of phosphorus doping on hydrogen content and optical losses in PECVD silicon oxynitride

PECVD Phosphorus-doped silicon oxynitride layers (n=1.5) were deposited from N2O, 2%SiH4/N2, NH3 and 5%PH3/Ar gaseous mixtures. Chemical bonds were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. N–H bond concentration of the layers decreased from 3.29×10-21 to 0.45×10-21 cm−3, as the 5%PH3/Ar flow rate increased from 0 to 60 sccm. A simultaneous decrease of O–H related bonds was also observed within the same phosphine flow range. The optical loss of slab-type waveguides at λ=1505 nm was found to decrease from 14.1 to 6.2 dB/cm as the 5%PH3/Ar flow rate increased from 0 to 30 sccm, respectively. Moreover, the optical loss values around λ=1400 and 1550 nm were found to decrease from 4.7 to below 0.2 dB/cm and from 1.8 to 1.0 dB/cm respectively. These preliminary results are very promising for applications in low-loss integrated optical devices

Nursing Educators' Knowledge, Skills in Evidence-Based Practice and their Critical Thinking Skills: Self Report Study

Background: With increasing emphasis on EBNP, nursing educators need to have a strong body of knowledge and skills in EBP that help them to gain critical thinking skills related to inquiry and understand the importance of EBNP. Aims: To assess the nursing educators' report of their knowledge and skills in EBP, determine their critical thinking skills and investigate the relationship between their knowledge and skills in EBP and their critical thinking skills. Method: Two questionnaires were filled by 144 of nursing educators at nine academic nursing departments at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. Findings: The mean score percentage of the nursing educator's report of their knowledge and skills in EBP were 67.7±15.8 and 68.9±14.3 respectively. Furthermore, the highest mean score percentage of nursing educators' skills in critical thinking was found in their inquisitiveness skills (75.0±7.7). On the other hand, the lowest mean score percentage was found in truth seeking (55.5±11.6) and maturity skills (56.6±2.7). Highly significant positive correlations were found between the overall mean score percentages of nursing educators’ report of their knowledge and skills in EBP from one side and their critical thinking skills (r= 0.408, p .000, r=0.321, p .000). Conclusions: Understanding nursing educators' knowledge and skills in EBP is a critical step to successfully transforming the school's culture to an EB framework for teaching nursing practice, integrating of EBP content into curricula, and ensuring student mastery and appreciation of EBP. Keywords: evidence-based practice, knowledge, skills, critical thinking, nursing educator

B/P Doping in application of silicon oxynitride based integrated optics

In this paper, gaseous precursors containing boron or phosphorous were intentionally introduced in the deposition of SiON layers and upper SiO2 claddings. The measurements show that the as-deposited B/P-doped SiON layers contain less hydrogen than undoped layers. Furthermore, the necessary annealing temperature for elimination of hydrogen related absorption (propagation loss) is greatly reduced in B/P-doped layers

A study of local approximation for polarization potentials

We discuss the derivation of an equivalent \textit{l}-independent polarization potential for use in the optical Schr\"{o}dinger equation that describes the elastic scattering of heavy ions. Three diffferent methods are used for this purpose. Application of our theory to the low energy scattering of the halo nucleus $^{11}$Li from a $^{12}$C target is made. It is found that the notion of \textit{l}-independent polarization potential has some validity but can not be a good substitute for the \textit{l}-dependent local equivalent Feshbach polarization potential.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Como escribir para publicacion en enfermeria: una perspectiva personal (Parte 2)

The number of printed and electronic (Internet) academic nursing publications in Brazil and around the world highlight the importance attached to publishing in the field of nursing. Internationally, journals are ranked according to their professional merits and peer review orientations. Financial institutions increasingly value publications in renowned journals as one criterion for granting funds for research. One important reason why many scientific articles do not meet the requirements from international journal reviewers, especially those submitted English, is the result of poor and literal translation of the text. The challenge we are facing in Latin America is to encourage the development of articles for publication in internationally reviewed journals. Co-authorship is a potentially stimulating model for researchers and postgraduate students to publish. This task can be undertaken through the help of international supervisors and researchers, supervisors or postgraduate students with good command of the English language. This article aims to demystify the publication process and present some guidelines on how to publish in international journals.El número de medios de divulgación académica impresos y electrónicos (Internet) de enfermería de alcance nacional e internacional destaca la importancia de publicar entre enfermeros. Alrededor del mundo, las revistas están siendo categorizadas con relación a sus méritos para la profesión y evaluación de los pares. Cada vez más, las instituciones de financiamiento de investigación prestan atención a la publicación en revistas de prestigio académico como uno de los criterios para la concesión del mismo. Un factor importante a ser considerado entre los motivos por los cuales muchos artículos científicos fallan en cumplir los requisitos de evaluación de los revisores de revistas internacionales, principalmente aquellas de lengua inglesa, es la traducción pobre y de manera literal. Nuestro desafío en América Latina es fomentar el desarrollo de artículos para publicación impresa o no en revistas con revisores internacionales. La co-autoría ofrece un modelo potencialmente alentador tanto para el investigador como para el alumno de postgrado publicar. Esa tarea puede ser emprendida con la ayuda de supervisores internacionales e investigadores o estudiantes de postgrado que dominan la lengua inglesa. Este artículo intenta desvelar el proceso de publicación y presentar algunos principios directivos de como publicar en revistas internacionales.O número de meios de divulgação acadêmica impressa e eletrônica (Internet) de enfermagem de abrangência nacional e internacional destaca a importância de publicar entre enfermeiros. Ao redor do mundo, as revistas estão sendo categorizadas em relação a méritos para a profissão e avaliação por pares. Cada vez mais, as instituições de financiamento de pesquisa estão atentas à publicação em revistas de prestígio acadêmico como um dos critérios para a concessão do mesmo. Um fator importante a ser considerado entre as razões para que muitos artigos científicos falham no preenchimento dos requisitos de avaliação dos revisores de revistas internacionais, principalmente aquelas de idioma inglês, é a tradução pobre e de modo literal. Nosso desafio na América Latina é incrementar o desenvolvimento de artigos para publicação impressa ou não em revistas com revisores internacionais. A co-autoria oferece um modelo potencialmente encorajador tanto para o pesquisador como para o pós-graduando publicar. Esse objetivo pode ser empreendido com a ajuda de supervisores internacionais e pesquisadores, orientadores ou estudantes de pós-graduação conhecedores da língua inglesa. O presente artigo busca desmistificar o processo de publicação e apresentar alguns princípios norteadores de como publicar em revistas internacionais