<Preliminary>The Influence of the Temperature Change Rate on the Humidity Control Effect of Wood

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました

<資料>知的障害特別支援学校に通学する児童・生徒の移動ニーズの分析 : 移動指導プログラムの検討のための予備的調査として

知的障害児の移動指導プログラムを検討するための調査として、A知的障害特別支援学校に在籍する児童生徒の移動に関するニーズに関する質問紙調査をした。その結果、「小学部から高等部段階まで放課後に自宅外で過ごすことが多いこと」、「保護者が高等部段階まで子どもの生活の広がりや交通機関の利用の拡大に合わせて指導を担う一方で、保護者は指導を受けられるサービスについては知らないということ」、「混雑した場所における移動スキルやトラブルへの対応力等の大都市圏中心市に特徴的な課題が日常的に生じていること」、「スピードを出している自転車や歩行者への注意力などの歩道におけるニーズが高いこと」、「困った時の対応力のニーズが高いこと」等が明らかになった。95％以上の保護者が子どもが移動指導を受ける機会を望んでいた。This study conducted a questionnaire survey regarding the transportation-related needs of students who are attending the A Special Needs School for Intellectually Disabled Children. The study was conducted in order to examine Travel Training/Transportation Education Programs for intellectually disabled children. As a result it was found, among other things, that "children from the elementary school level to the high school level tend to spend their after-school hours outside their homes," that "while, until high school, parents are responsible for training their children to deal with expansions in their living areas and means of transportation, many parents are unaware of the availability of training services," that "challenges unique to urban centers, such as the lack of traveling skills in crowded areas and not knowing how to respond to trouble, are being encountered on a daily basis," that "there is a high demand for training on how to pay attention to speeding bicycles and pedestrians on the sidewalk," and that "there is a high demand for training on how to respond to troublesome situations." 95 percent of parents said they desired opportunities for their children to receive Travel Training/Transportation Education

Effects of Epigenetic Modification of PGC-1α by a Chemical Chaperon on Mitochondria Biogenesis and Visual Function in Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a hereditary blinding disease characterized by gradual photoreceptor death, which lacks a definitive treatment. Here, we demonstrated the effect of 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA), a chemical chaperon that can suppress endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in P23H mutant rhodopsin knock-in RP models. In the RP models, constant PBA treatment led to the retention of a greater number of photoreceptors, preserving the inner segment (IS), a mitochondrial- and ER-rich part of the photoreceptors. Electroretinography showed that PBA treatment preserved photoreceptor function. At the early point, ER-associated degradation markers, xbp1s, vcp, and derl1, mitochondrial kinetic-related markers, fis1, lc3, and mfn1 and mfn2, as well as key mitochondrial regulators, pgc-1α and tfam, were upregulated in the retina of the models treated with PBA. In vitro analyses showed that PBA upregulated pgc-1α and tfam transcription, leading to an increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c oxidase activity, and ATP levels. Histone acetylation of the PGC-1α promoter was increased by PBA, indicating that PBA affected the mitochondrial condition through epigenetic changes. Our findings constituted proof of concept for the treatment of ER stress-related RP using PBA and revealed PBA’s neuroprotective effects, paving the way for its future clinical application