The efficiency of TBHQ, beta-carotene, citric acid, and tinuvin 234 (R) on the sensory stability of soybean oil packaged in PET bottles

The use of plastic packaging for oils permits exposure to light, increasing oxidation. The goal of this work was to maximize sensory stability of soybean oil packaged in PET bottles. A central composite design was used to combine different levels of TBHQ, beta-carotene, and citric acid, added to oil, and Tinuvin 234(R), added to bottles. After 6 mo of storage, the oxidation degree was assessed by sensory and peroxide tests. TBHQ and Tinuvin 234 were the most effective antioxident, and the minimum concentrations required to keep a reasonable stability during storage were: 120 ppm of TBHQ; 7 ppm of beta-carotene; 15 ppm of citric acid and 0.1% of Tinuvin 234.68130230

Orientação nutricional de crianças e adolescentes e os novos padrões de consumo: propagandas, embalagens e rótulos Nutritional guidance for children and adolescents and the new consumption patterns: advertising, packaging and labeling

OBJETIVO: Compilar e debater conhecimentos sobre os rótulos, as embalagens e a divulgação e promoção de alimentos processados que progressivamente passam a compor a dieta da população infanto-juvenil. FONTES DE DADOS: Artigos nos bancos de dados eletrônicos, Medline e SciELO nos últimos dez anos, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, utilizando os descritores "criança", "marketing", "hábitos alimentares", "televisão", "educação em Saúde". Também foram consultados livros, textos recentes e artigos considerados relevantes para realização dessa revisão. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: O artigo discute o marketing de alimentos, segundo os tópicos: propagandas, embalagens e rótulos. Quanto à publicidade televisiva, foi abordada sua influência na formação dos hábitos alimentares infanto-juvenis, a qualidade nutricional dos alimentos veiculados e as alternativas para que pais e educadores possam lidar com os novos padrões de consumo. Além disso, debateram-se as embalagens enquanto meios de comunicação entre fabricante e consumidor. Sobre os rótulos, foram abordadas as novas regras da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária a respeito da Rotulagem Nutricional Obrigatória, bem como a importância da leitura adequada para a adoção de escolhas alimentares saudáveis. CONCLUSÕES: Espera-se que este artigo seja instrumento de atualização dos profissionais da Saúde, proporcionando atuação mais incisiva no processo de educação em saúde e nutrição. Torna-se urgente a adoção de práticas preventivas com esclarecimento aos pais e familiares cujos filhos participam ativamente da sociedade de consumo, visando minimizar os efeitos deletérios da ingestão rotineira de alimentos obesogênicos.<br>OBJECTIVE: To debate knowledge on labeling, packaging, releases and promotion of processed foods that have been included progressively in the diets of children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE: On-line articles from Medline and SciELO database published over the last ten years in Portuguese and English using the keywords "child", "marketing", "eating habits", "television", "health education". Also, books, recent texts and articles considered relevant for the present review were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: The present article discusses the food marketing according to propaganda, packaging and labeling. This review also approaches the influence of TV advertising on building of children and adolescents' eating habits; the nutrition quality of advertised foods and alternatives that parents and teachers could use to deal with these new patterns of consumption. Additionally, it is discussed packaging as a communication tool between manufacturer and consumer. Regarding labeling, the "Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária" (Anvisa) new rules on Regulatory Nutritional Labeling as well as the importance of proper label reading for healthy choices are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The present article is intended to be a tool for updating health professionals and encouraging them to act more effectively in health education and nutrition. It is urgent to adopt prevention practices enlightening parents and relatives whose children actively participate in the consumption society in order to minimize the harmful effects of the obesogenic foods routine ingestion

Surfactant-free dimer fatty acid polyamide/montmorillonite bio-nanocomposites

Polyamide bio-nanocomposites were successfully prepared using a surfactant-free approach. The clay morphology was fixed by dispersing the ammonium ion-exchanged clay in acetic acid. This was mixed with an acetic acid solution of the polyamide and the composite was recovered by precipitation with water. The composites featured a mixed morphology containing some exfoliated clay sheets together with nano-sized clay tactoids. Bio-nanocomposites containing as much as 27.5 wt.% clay were obtained. At this filler level, and depending on the temperature, the modulus was up to nine times higher than that of the parent polymer. Addition of clay also increased the glass transition temperature by as much as 5 °C. This indicates that the high interfacial surface area, presented by the clay platelets dispersed in the matrix, significantly impaired the polymer chain mobility.Institutional Research Development Programme (IRDP) and the South Africa/Mozambique Collaboration Programme of the National Research Foundation (NRF)http://link.springer.com/journal/396hb201