Edwards statistical mechanics for jammed granular matter

International audienc

Towards a mechanism for instability in channel flow of highly shear-thinning viscoelastic fluids

We consider the linear stability of channel flow of a shear-thinning viscoelastic fluid, replicating a instability recently discovered in experimental and theoretical work. We have extended the fluid model to allow for an inelastic shear-thinning stress component, and find that this additional contribution always has a stabilising influence on the instability. We conclude that, while shear-thinning is critical to the instability, the mechanism is primarily elastic

Normal serum lipid profile of healthy pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of university of maiduguri teaching hospital, Maiduguri Nigeria.

Background: Pregnancy is associated with marked physiological hyperlipidaemia. But hyperlipidaemia is said to complicate about 7% of all pregnancies; which may cause severe maternal diseases and premature birth. Objective: To determine serum lipid profile and the lipid level variations between pregnancy trimesters among healthy pregnant women attending antenatal care at UMTH. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of healthy pregnant women attending antenatal care at UMTH. Results: There was increase in all lipid fractions in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant state, progressive increase in HDL-C was seen as the pregnancy progresses, but with no nd rd significant difference between 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The serum levels of total cholesterol and HDL-C were significantly increased in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that pregnancy is associated withhyperlipidaemia. But the stage of pregnancy and the levels of serum lipid fractions at which pregnancy complications will begin to occur is yet to be determined and therefore further comprehensive and controlled studies are required to establish this

The mystery of relationship of mechanics and field in the many-body quantum world

We have revealed three fatal errors incurred from a blind transferring of quantum field methods into the quantum mechanics. This had tragic consequences because it produced crippled model Hamiltonians, unfortunately considered sufficient for a description of solids including superconductors. From there, of course, Fr\"ohlich derived wrong effective Hamiltonian, from which incorrect BCS theory arose. 1) Mechanical and field patterns cannot be mixed. Instead of field methods applied to the mechanical Born-Oppenheimer approximation we have entirely to avoid it and construct an independent and standalone field pattern. This leads to a new form of the Bohr's complementarity on the level of composite systems. 2) We have correctly to deal with the center of gravity, which is under the field pattern "materialized" in the form of new quasipartiles - rotons and translons. This leads to a new type of relativity of internal and external degrees of freedom and one-particle way of bypassing degeneracies (gap formation). 3) The possible symmetry cannot be apriori loaded but has to be aposteriori obtained as a solution of field equations, formulated in a general form without translational or any other symmetry. This leads to an utterly revised view of symmetry breaking in non-adiabatic systems, namely Jahn-Teller effect and superconductivity. These two phenomena are synonyms and share a unique symmetry breaking.Comment: 24 pages, 9 sections; remake of abstract, introduction and conclusion; more physics, less philosoph

Monolithic Photoelectrochemical Device for Direct Water Splitting with 19% Efficiency

Recent rapid progress in efficiencies for solar water splitting by photoelectrochemical devices has enhanced its prospects to enable storable renewable energy. Efficient solar fuel generators all use tandem photoelectrode structures, and advanced integrated devices incorporate corrosion protection layers as well as heterogeneous catalysts. Realization of near thermodynamic limiting performance requires tailoring the energy band structure of the photoelectrode and also the optical and electronic properties of the surface layers exposed to the electrolyte. Here, we report a monolithic device architecture that exhibits reduced surface reflectivity in conjunction with metallic Rh nanoparticle catalyst layers that minimize parasitic light absorption. Additionally, the anatase TiO2 protection layer on the photocathode creates a favorable internal band alignment for hydrogen evolution. An initial solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 19.3 % is obtained in acidic electrolyte and an efficiency of 18.5 % is achieved at neutral pH condition (under simulated sunlight)

Clinical and Neurophysiological Evidence of Mononeuritis Multiplex During the COVID-19 Era

Infection with the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) results in a variety of clinical symptoms, including various neurological abnormalities. Peripheral nervous system symptoms, such as peripheral neuropathies, were often recorded in the medical literature, primarily as Guillain-Barré syndrome. Mononeuropathy multiplex is a multifocal axonal neuropathy commonly associated with vasculitis or connective tissue disease. Recent evidence about its associations with severe COVID-19 infection and intensive care unit hospitalization is being considered. A 58-year-old man with clinical and electrophysiological confirmation of mononeuropathy multiplex was reported during the peri-COVID-19 illness. He was treated with steroids and achieved a satisfactory response. Therefore, clinical and neurophysiological evaluation is recommended for any patient presenting with neurological manifestations following COVID-19 infection

Noise monitor 2016 : Validation of motorway and railway noise

Geluidniveaus gemeten op 38 punten langs rijkswegen lagen in 2015 gemiddeld 2 decibel hoger dan de berekende waarden. Op 39 meetlocaties langs het spoor kwamen de gemeten en berekende geluidniveaus in 2015 gemiddeld met elkaar overeen. Dit beeld stemt overeen met de voorgaande jaren 2013 en 2014. Op de afzonderlijke punten, zowel bij rijkswegen als het spoor, variëren verschillen ten opzichte van het gemiddelde. Bij de weg liggen de metingen tussen 2 decibel lager en 6 decibel hoger dan de berekende waarden, afhankelijk van het type en de lokale staat van het wegdek. De vergelijking van metingen met berekeningen is een verplichting uit de Wet milieubeheer. De weg- en spoorbeheerder, Rijkswaterstaat en ProRail, tonen via berekening aan of het geluid van de weg of het spoor onder de vastgestelde geluidproductieplafonds blijft. De berekende geluidniveaus worden jaarlijks door het RIVM gevalideerd met een steekproef van metingen. Dit rapport geeft ook de meetresultaten uit 2016 op 45 locaties langs de weg en 40 locaties langs het spoor. De meetresultaten uit 2016 zullen in een vervolgrapportage worden vergeleken met de rekenresultaten. De weg- en spoorbeheerder publiceren deze in de tweede helft van 2017.Noise levels measured at 38 sites along motorways in 2015, on average were 2 decibel higher than calculated values. At 39 measurement sites along the track, the measured and calculated noise levels in 2015, on average were in agreement. These results are consistent with previous years, 2013 and 2014. At the individual measurement sites, both for motorways and the track, differences may vary from the average. At motorways the measurements are within 2 dB lower and 6 dB higher compared with calculated values, depending on the type and the local condition of the road surface. The comparison of measured and calculated noise levels is a requirement of the environmental management Act. The road- and railway infrastructure manager, Rijkswaterstaat and ProRail, show by calculation whether the noise production from the road or the track complies with established noise limits. The calculated noise levels are validated by RIVM with a sample of measurements. This report also gives the latest results of measurements from 2016 at 45 sites along motorways and 40 sites along the track. The measured noise levels from 2016 will be compared with calculated levels, which will be published by the road- and railway infrastructure manager in the second half of 2017.Ministerie van I&