124 research outputs found
The hub as a launching platform: rapid movements of the spider Leucauge mariana (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) as it turns to attack prey
The type numbers of closed geodesics
A short survey on the type numbers of closed geodesics, on applications of
the Morse theory to proving the existence of closed geodesics and on the recent
progress in applying variational methods to the periodic problem for Finsler
and magnetic geodesicsComment: 29 pages, an appendix to the Russian translation of "The calculus of
variations in the large" by M. Mors
From evolutionary computation to the evolution of things
Evolution has provided a source of inspiration for algorithm designers since the birth of computers. The resulting field, evolutionary computation, has been successful in solving engineering tasks ranging in outlook from the molecular to the astronomical. Today, the field is entering a new phase as evolutionary algorithms that take place in hardware are developed, opening up new avenues towards autonomous machines that can adapt to their environment. We discuss how evolutionary computation compares with natural evolution and what its benefits are relative to other computing approaches, and we introduce the emerging area of artificial evolution in physical systems
Estimativa dos componentes do balanço de energia e da evapotranspiração em plantios de eucalipto utilizando o algoritmo sebal e imagem landsat 5 - TM
Evaluation in artificial intelligence: From task-oriented to ability-oriented measurement
The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s10462-016-9505-7.The evaluation of artificial intelligence systems and components is crucial for the
progress of the discipline. In this paper we describe and critically assess the different ways
AI systems are evaluated, and the role of components and techniques in these systems. We
first focus on the traditional task-oriented evaluation approach. We identify three kinds of
evaluation: human discrimination, problem benchmarks and peer confrontation. We describe
some of the limitations of the many evaluation schemes and competitions in these three categories,
and follow the progression of some of these tests. We then focus on a less customary
(and challenging) ability-oriented evaluation approach, where a system is characterised by
its (cognitive) abilities, rather than by the tasks it is designed to solve. We discuss several
possibilities: the adaptation of cognitive tests used for humans and animals, the development
of tests derived from algorithmic information theory or more integrated approaches under
the perspective of universal psychometrics. We analyse some evaluation tests from AI that
are better positioned for an ability-oriented evaluation and discuss how their problems and
limitations can possibly be addressed with some of the tools and ideas that appear within
the paper. Finally, we enumerate a series of lessons learnt and generic guidelines to be used
when an AI evaluation scheme is under consideration.I thank the organisers of the AEPIA Summer School On Artificial Intelligence, held in September 2014, for giving me the opportunity to give a lecture on 'AI Evaluation'. This paper was born out of and evolved through that lecture. The information about many benchmarks and competitions discussed in this paper have been contrasted with information from and discussions with many people: M. Bedia, A. Cangelosi, C. Dimitrakakis, I. GarcIa-Varea, Katja Hofmann, W. Langdon, E. Messina, S. Mueller, M. Siebers and C. Soares. Figure 4 is courtesy of F. Martinez-Plumed. Finally, I thank the anonymous reviewers, whose comments have helped to significantly improve the balance and coverage of the paper. This work has been partially supported by the EU (FEDER) and the Spanish MINECO under Grants TIN 2013-45732-C4-1-P, TIN 2015-69175-C4-1-R and by Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEOII2015/013.José Hernández-Orallo (2016). 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Lista das espécies de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
A Study of Insect Protection (Anoplocnemis Phasiana, Fabr.)
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