The role of ATP binding and hydrolysis by UvrB during nucleotide excision repair

Bio-organic Synthesi

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Evaluation of existing and new insecticides including spirotetramat and pyridalyl to control Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on peppers in Queensland.

Insecticides are used by growers to control Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) in Australian vegetable crops. However, limited information was available on the efficacy of some insecticides used against F. occidentalis and data on new insecticides that could be included in a resistance management program were required. The efficacy of 16 insecticides in controlling F. occidentalis was tested in four small plot trials in chillies and capsicums. Spinosad, fipronil and methamidophos were effective against adults and larvae. Spirotetramat had no efficacy against adults but was very effective against larvae. Pyridalyl was moderately effective against larvae. Methidathion showed limited effectiveness. Abamectin, amorphous silica, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, imidacloprid, methomyl and insecticidal soap were not effective. Laboratory bioassays on F. occidentalis collected from the field trials showed resistance to bifenthrin but not to the other insecticides tested. The trials demonstrated that some insecticides permitted for use against F. occidentalis are not effective and identified a number of insecticides, including the new ones spirotetramat and pyridalyl, that are effective and that could be used to manage the pest within a resistance management program

Relationships between insecticide use, grain hygiene and insecticide resistance in Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (coleoptera: silvanidae) on grain-producing farms

Levels of resistance in Oryzaephilus surinamensis were related to grain treatments and hygiene practices on 63 grain-producing farms in New South Wales, Australia. Grain-protectant treatment was generally effective in reducing infestation levels. Hygiene measures by themselves had little effect on infestation levels, but good hygiene improved the efficacy of protectant treatment. In some instances, protectant use was associated with high resistance levels; high insect densities and the highest levels of resistance were recorded from storages in which treated grain was added to old grain residues. We consider good farm hygiene should be practised to slow the development of resistance

PREDICTING CALIBER OF PERFORMANCE AND ON FIELD CONTRIBUTION OF NAIA DIVISION FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Predicting caliber of performance and on field contribution of NAIA division football players G.B. Long, J. Walker, R.L. Herron, S.H. Bishop, C.P. Katica, and G.A. Ryan University of Montana Western, Dillon, MT Accurately predicting sport performance is a highly variable and valuable measurement and evaluation issue. Coaches and scouting personnel often use performance in the weight room and on-field drills to determine an athlete’s aptitude for a given sport or position. The National Football League conducts annual combines to assess athletic ability in a variety of tests (40 yard [yd.] dash, vertical jump, 20 yd. shuttle, etc.). Rarely, are these data normalized and combined to determine an athlete’s overall potential in their sport relative to their competitive peers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to combine and normalize off-season performance tests of 70 NAIA football athletes to determine if a prediction of on-field contribution could be estimated using off-season testing with Z-scores. METHODS: Athletes completed a 5 test battery of vertical jump, hang clean max, squat max, 10 yd. dash, and 20 yd. shuttle. Athletes were separated by position grouping: Bigs (OL, DL), Middles (RB, QB, TE, LB), and Littles (WR, DB). Additionally, athletes were grouped by previous season contribution level: Starter, Contributor, Projected Starter/Contributor, or Bench. Z-scores were obtained for each variable tested and combined to form a 5-test Z-score value for each athlete. Average 5 test Z-scores were compared for each position grouping and contribution level using an ANOVA, with post-hoc t-tests conducted on all significant findings. RESULTS: A significant omnibus result was observed between all groups (p = 0.01). Starters (Z = 1.43) and Contributors (Z = 2.19) had higher 5 test Z-scores than Projected Starter/Contributor (Z = 0.52) and Bench (Z = -1.24) players. This finding held true for all position groups except Littles (p = 0.13). In all groupings, bench players had combined 5 test Z-scores below average (Z \u3c 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the off-field testing battery did account for some variance in determining the caliber of on-field performance and contribution in NAIA football players. These findings may set a standard for colleges and athletes to assess performance and determine where opportunities for improvement warrant well designed strength and conditioning programs that translate into greater success on the field