Tight binding formulation of the dielectric response in semiconductor nanocrystals

We report on a theoretical derivation of the electronic dielectric response of semiconductor nanocrystals using a tight-binding framework. Extending to the nanoscale the Hanke and Sham approach [Phys. Rev. B 12, 4501 (1975)] developed for bulk semiconductors, we show how local field effects can be included in the study of confined systems. A great advantage of this scheme is that of being formulated in terms of localized orbitals and thus it requires very few computational resources and times. Applications to the optical and screening properties of semiconductor nanocrystals are presented here and discussed. Results concerning the absorption cross section, the static polarizability and the screening function of InAs (direct gap) and Si (indirect gap) nanocrystals compare well to both first principles results and experimental data. We also show that the present scheme allows us to easily go beyond the continuum dielectric model, based on the Clausius-Mossotti equation, which is frequently used to include the nanocrystal surface polarization. Our calculations indicate that the continuum dielectric model, used in conjunction with a size dependent dielectric constant, underestimates the nanocrystal polarizability, leading to exceedingly strong surface polarization fields.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures; corrected typos, added reference

Pengenalan Angka Tulisan Tangan Menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan

Current technological developments spur the application of pattern recognition in various fields, such as the introduction of signature patterns, fingerprints, faces, and handwriting. Human handwriting has differences between one another and often handwriting is difficult to read or difficult to recognize and this can hamper daily activities, such as transaction activities that require handwriting. Even one of the biometric features of everyone is handwriting. One method that can be used to recognize handwriting patterns in the field of computer science is artificial neural networks (ANN) with the learning algorithm is backpropagation. Artificial neural networks are able to recognize something based on the past. This means that past data will be studied so as to be able to make decisions on new data. To recognize handwriting patterns using artificial neural networks, the characteristics of handwritten objects are extracted using an invariant moment. The results of training using artificial neural networks indicate that the correlation coefficient value is obtained on the number of hidden layer neurons by 30. The highest correlation coefficient value is 0.61382. The test results on the test data obtained an accuracy rate of 11.67% of the total test data

Deformation of Silica Aerogel During Fluid Adsorption

Aerogels are very compliant materials - even small stresses can lead to large deformations. In this paper we present measurements of the linear deformation of high porosity aerogels during adsorption of low surface tension fluids, performed using a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT). We show that the degree of deformation of the aerogel during capillary condensation scales with the surface tension, and extract the bulk modulus of the gel from the data. Furthermore we suggest limits on safe temperatures for filling and emptying low density aerogels with helium.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR

Experiences With Chiropractic Care for Patients With Low Back or Neck Pain.

BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders are the second leading cause of disability worldwide.ObjectiveExamine experiences of chiropractic patients in the United States with chronic low back or neck pain.MethodObservational study of 1853 chronic low back pain and neck pain patients (74% female) who completed an online questionnaire at the 3-month follow-up that included Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) items assessing their experiences with care.ResultsWe found similar reports of communication for the chiropractic sample and patients in the 2016 CAHPS National Database, but 85% in the database versus 79% in the chiropractic sample gave the most positive response to the time spent with provider item. More patients in the CAHPS database rated their provider at the top of the scale (8 percentage points). More chiropractic patients reported always getting answers to questions the same day (16 percentage points) and always being seen within 15 minutes of their appointment time (29 percentage points).ConclusionsThe positive experiences of patients with chronic back and neck pain are supportive of their use of chiropractic care

Reservoir sedimentation survey methods

Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references

ADOPTION OF VETERINARY SURGEON SERVICES BY SHEEP AND GOAT FARMERS IN QWAQWA

A number of technology transfer (diffusion) programmes involving amongst others veterinary surgeon services subsidised by the government, were launched in the former homelands of South Africa between 1980 and 1993. Many of these programmes were discontinued after the general election of 1994. In order to evaluate the adoption of technology in Qwaqwa, a former Sotho speaking homeland, two Logit models were fit using the conventional definition of an adopter and an adapted definition, which included potential adopters with the adopters. Where the conventional definition of adoption was estimated, livestock income per LSU, ram technology, roads and suppliers of livestock inputs are significant variables contributing to adoption. The results of the adapted model reveal that farming efficiency (weaning percentage), type of farmer (sheep as percentage of the total small ruminant herd) and ram technology, prove to be significant variables predicting adoption. It was also found that the characteristics of potential adopters gravitate more to adopters than to non-adopters. These results indicated that the adapted definition presented a more accurate prediction than the conventional definition. The results of this study indicate the policy necessary to further accelerate the diffusion of veterinary surgeon services by means of the development of a better infrastructure, the reintroduction of subsidised veterinary surgeon services at the sheering sheds as well as a better flow of information to farmers in Qwaqwa.Livestock Production/Industries,

Restorasi Citra Blur Dengan Algoritma Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Hopfield

Kebutuhan terhadap citra digital dalam masyarakat kita dewasa ini semakin meningkat dan merambah di berbagai bidang kehidupan seperti dalam pendidikan, bisnis, fotografi, bahkan kriminologi. Pengolahan citra digital merupakan teknologi yang dapat digunakan dalam memanipulasi citra untuk mengatasi ketrbatasan alat akuisisi citra atau untuk meningkatkan kualitas citra tersebut. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melakukan restorasi terhadap citra kabur. Citra digital akan didegradasi dengan menggunakan Gaussian blur , kemudian direstorasi menggunakan jaringan Hopfield yang merupakan salah satu cabang dari jaringan saraf tiruan. Tujuan akhir dari proses restorasi adalah memperbaiki citra yang diberikan. Teknik restorasi secara umum berorientasi ke arah pemodelan degradasi dan penerapan proses kebalikannya (invers) untuk kembali mendapatkan citra asli. Berdasarkan analisis dari hasil uji coba hasil restorasi yang diperoleh belum optimal mendekati citra aslinya karena citra hasil perbaikan cenderung lebih gelap dan masih mengalamai degradasi atau kerusakan. Kemungkinan hal ini terjadi pada proses normalisasi yang kurang tepat

An empirical test for cellular automaton models of traffic flow

Based on a detailed microscopic test scenario motivated by recent empirical studies of single-vehicle data, several cellular automaton models for traffic flow are compared. We find three levels of agreement with the empirical data: 1) models that do not reproduce even qualitatively the most important empirical observations, 2) models that are on a macroscopic level in reasonable agreement with the empirics, and 3) models that reproduce the empirical data on a microscopic level as well. Our results are not only relevant for applications, but also shed new light on the relevant interactions in traffic flow.Comment: 28 pages, 36 figures, accepted for publication in PR