Consumer behaviour in agricultural direct marketing

Scandals in the food production industry have caused an uncertainty about quality and innocuousness of food for many consumers. This resulted in a strong risk perception of consumers at the point of sale. The direct marketing of products by farmers can be an important way to strengthen consumer confidence. In this contribution, buying behaviour is examined by an observation and a following interview. We develop an econometric model about the number of bought products and the proposition of marketing strategies which can be recommended to farmers involved in direct marketing.Consumer behaviour, direct marketing, observation, econometric model,

Pressure seal Patent

Pressure seals suitable for use in environmental test chamber

Behavioristische Analyse des Verbraucherverhaltens in der landwirtschaftlichen Direktvermarktung

Scandals in the food industry have caused uncertainty about quality and innocuousness of food for many consumers. Direct marketing of products by farmers may be an important way to strengthen consumers´ confidence. In this article, the buyer is focus of the analysis. In contrast to other studies, the purchasing changes are examined. The objective is the development of an econometric model and the development of strategies for direct marketing.consumer behavior, direct marketing, econometric model, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Institutional and Behavioral Economics,

Формирование подхода и методики, влияющих на процесс генерации стратегии предприятия

Цель исследования состоит в формировании нового подхода и методики, влияющих на процесс генерации стратегии предприятия

Tuning the electron-phonon coupling in multilayer graphene with magnetic fields

Magneto Raman scattering study of the E$_{2g}$ optical phonons in multi-layer epitaxial graphene grown on a carbon face of SiC are presented. At 4.2K in magnetic field up to 33 T, we observe a series of well pronounced avoided crossings each time the optically active inter Landau level transition is tuned in resonance with the E$_{2g}$ phonon excitation (at 196 meV). The width of the phonon Raman scattering response also shows pronounced variations and is enhanced in conditions of resonance. The experimental results are well reproduced by a model that gives directly the strength of the electron-phonon interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Resonant Excitation of Graphene K-Phonon and Intra-Landau-Level Excitons in Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy

Precise infrared magnetotransmission experiments have been performed in magnetic fields up to 32 T on a series of multilayer epitaxial graphene samples. We observe changes in the spectral features and broadening of the main cyclotron transition when the incoming photon energy is in resonance with the lowest Landau level separation and the energy of a K point optical phonon. We have developed a theory that explains and quantitatively reproduces the frequency and magnetic field dependence of the phenomenon as the absorption of a photon together with the simultaneous creation of an intervalley, intra-Landau-level exciton, and a K phonon.Comment: Main manuscript (5 pages); Supplementary Material (18 pages

Few layer graphene on SiC, pyrolitic graphite and graphene: a Raman scattering study

The results of micro-Raman scattering measurements performed on three different ``graphitic'' materials: micro-structured disks of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphene multi-layers thermally decomposed from carbon terminated surface of 4H-SiC and an exfoliated graphene monolayer are presented. Despite its multi-layer character, most parts of the surface of the graphitized SiC substrates shows a single-component, Lorentzian shape, double resonance Raman feature in striking similarity to the case of a single graphene monolayer. Our observation suggests a very weak electronic coupling between graphitic layers on the SiC surface, which therefore can be considered to be graphene multi-layers with a simple (Dirac-like) band structure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Figures Structure of the paper strongly modified, small changes in Fig 2 and 3. Same interpretation and same result

Magneto-transmission of multi-layer epitaxial graphene and bulk graphite: A comparison

Magneto-transmission of a thin layer of bulk graphite is compared with spectra taken on multilayer epitaxial graphene prepared by thermal decomposition of a SiC crystal. We focus on the spectral features evolving as \sqrt{B}, which are evidence for the presence of Dirac fermions in both materials. Whereas the results on multi-layer epitaxial graphene can be interpreted within the model of 2D Dirac fermions, the data obtained on bulk graphite can only be explained taking into account the 3D nature of graphite, e.g. by using the standard Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure