2016, 662−675 Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

Abstract: Dry dense-medium fluidized bed separation provides a new alternative approach for coal beneficiation and cleaning. An indicator of segregation degree S ash was proposed to evaluate the stratified performance of coal samples by bed density. Fluidization stability of the bed was greatly enhanced by mixing a certain amount (21.53%) of fine magnetite powder (< 0.15 mm) into the fluidized media, which indicated a uniform density distribution as well as slight fluctuations in bed. It was found that the favorable density-segregation performance of 3-13 mm coarse coal occurred with a static bed height of 80 mm and a superficial gas velocity of 11.84 cm/s. The optimal segregation degree values of 0.67, 0.74 and 0.76 were obtained for 3-6, 6-10 and 10-13 mm coal samples, respectively. Low-ash clean coal with yields of 50.79, 56.83 and 61.24% were effectively acquired by the dry separation for various coal size fractions, respectively. Probable error values of 0.07, 0.055 and 0.05 g/cm 3 were achieved, indicating good separation performance

Discussions on the Path of Precise Poverty Alleviation in Dongxiang County

By means of questionnaire survey, household interview, conference exchange and field investigation, this paper makes a detailed investigation on the development status and existing problems of industry poverty alleviation and science and technology poverty alleviation in Dongxiang County. This paper puts forward the precise poverty alleviation path of Dongxiang County from the aspects of industry poverty alleviation, science and technology poverty alleviation, education poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation through ecology, relocation poverty alleviation and so on

Combined Adsorption and Covalent Linking of Paclitaxel on Functionalized Nano-Graphene Oxide for Inhibiting Cancer Cells

Developing targeted delivery nanosystems for delivering chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs specifically to cancerous tissues with improvement in the specificity of drugs for different cancer cells can result in high therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity in healthy tissues. Herein, we proposed the synthesis of a multifunctional nanodelivery system, folic acid (FA) decorating nanographene oxide (nGO) functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), called pGO-FA, with good biocompatibility and good delivering performance of a hydrophobic water-insoluble anticancer drug of paclitaxel (PTX). 4-br-PEG-NH, FA, and PTX were attached to PEG-functionalized nGO (pGO) through a combined chemical and physical force to form a nanosized complex, pGO-FA-PTX, defined as the nanodrug system. WST-8 assay in vitro illustrated that pGO-FA-PTX inhibited A2780 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell viability was kept high to 60% when treated with 200 nM of free PTX. However, pGO-FA-PTX with the same dose of PTX (cell viability less than 30%) had double the cytotoxicity effect compared to free PTX. Furthermore, fluorescence observation demonstrated that pGO-FA-PTX exhibited an improved efficiency in killing A2780 cells due to the special affinity between FA and FA receptor, which has high expression in cancer cells. The strategy and method used in this study could be effective in improving both the bioavailability of PTX and therapy efficiency

Oral health status among visually impaired schoolchildren in Northeast China

Abstract Background Visual impairment is an important disability affecting a substantial proportion of people globally. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status of visually impaired schoolchildren in northeast China, and to investigate the influencing factors. Methods The study was performed in 2015, according to the criteria and methods used in the Third National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey in China. One hundred and three visually impaired schoolchildren from the only special school for the blind in northeast China were included in the study. Oral examinations were performed to assess the caries of deciduous and permanent teeth, periodontal disease, malocclusion. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to investigate oral health-related behaviors, knowledge and attitude about oral care. Results The overall prevalence of caries was 78.64%, and mean number of caries was 2.43 ± 2.75. The prevalence of caries in deciduous and permanent teeth was 65.22 and 71.84%, respectively. The rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus were 44.66 and 67.96%, respectively. Malocclusion was observed in 49.51% of the children with visual impairment. The prevalence of caries was significantly higher in girls than boys (P < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis identified the knowledge level of parents and the toothache experience as risk factors for oral health, while the daily use of fluoride toothpaste could reduce the caries incidence. Conclusions This group of visually impaired schoolchildren exhibited a high prevalence of dental caries, poor periodontal health, and severe malocclusion. Oral health status is relatively poor among visually impaired schoolchildren in northeast China. Factors that significantly affected the prevalence of dental caries included education level of the mother, experience of toothache, and use of fluoride toothpaste

Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Improves Functional Recovery in Huntington's Disease Rat Model

<div><p></p><p>The purpose of this study was to determine the functional recovery of the transplanted induced pluripotent stem cells in a rat model of Huntington's disease with use of ¹⁸F-FDG microPET/CT imaging.</p><p>Methods</p><p>In a quinolinic acid-induced rat model of striatal degeneration, induced pluripotent stem cells were transplanted into the ipsilateral lateral ventricle ten days after the quinolinic acid injection. The response to the treatment was evaluated by serial ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scans and Morris water maze test. Histological analyses and Western blotting were performed six weeks after stem cell transplantation.</p><p>Results</p><p>After induced pluripotent stem cells transplantation, higher ¹⁸F-FDG accumulation in the injured striatum was observed during the 4 to 6-weeks period compared with the quinolinic acid-injected group, suggesting the metabolic recovery of injured striatum. The induced pluripotent stem cells transplantation improved learning and memory function (and striatal atrophy) of the rat in six week in the comparison with the quinolinic acid-treated controls. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that transplanted stem cells survived and migrated into the lesioned area in striatum, and most of the stem cells expressed protein markers of neurons and glial cells.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our findings show that induced pluripotent stem cells can survive, differentiate to functional neurons and improve partial striatal function and metabolism after implantation in a rat Huntington's disease model.</p></div

Enhanced glucose metabolism and decreased striatal atrophy following iPSC transplantation.

<p>(A) Serial PET images demonstrating metabolism recovery after stem cell treatment for QA-treated rats. Images are shown in axial view. Scale was set according to signal intensity. (B) Semiquantitative analysis of variance of glucose metabolism after stem cell transplantation in each group. (C) Photomicrographs show the difference in striatal volumes in unilateral lesion rat. There was no striatal atrophy in the control group, but the striatal volumes in the lesion side of QA+PBS and QA+iPSC groups were significantly decreased compared with the contralateral side. Arrow indicates surgery sites in each group. (D) Quantification of striatal volumes show increased volumes in the QA+iPSC group. The 3 groups are presented as control (saline injection), QA+PBS (QA injection with PBS transplantation); and QA+iPSC (QA injection with iPSC transplantation) groups. Error bars represent SD, and * <i>P<</i>0.05, compared between control and QA+PBS groups; ★ <i>P<</i>0.05, compared between control and QA+iPSC groups; # <i>P<</i>0.05, compared between QA+PBS and QA+iPSC groups.</p