Construction of a novel systematic diagnostic system for fetal arrhythmia with the introduction of magnetocardiography

課題番号：2059190

Composition and Monthly Changes of the Volatile Constituents in the Sour Hetsuka-daidai Citrus Peel

Sour citrus are prized for their flavor and fragrance. This work identified the components of the peel oil of Hetsuka-daidai (Citrus sp. hetsukadaidai), a special sour citrus that is native to the southern part of the Osumi peninsula, Kagoshima, Japan. These compounds were compared to those identified from the peels of six other major sour citrus: lime (Citrus latifolia), lemon (Citrus limon), Yuzu (Citrus junos), Kabusu (Citrus aurantium), Kabosu (Citrus sphaerocarpa), and Sudachi (Citrus sudachi). Peel oil contents were analyzed for the duration of four months during harvest season to investigate the differences in peel oil/ fragrance during ripening. These results could facilitate the development of preferred flavor and scent profiles using local species

Fetal growth restriction in rural Bangladesh: a prospective study

BackgroundFetal growth restriction (FGR) and low birth weight(LBW) are serious public health problems. In developing countries, the incidence of low birth weight is predominantly the result of FGR, and both low birth weight and FGR are associated with neonatal death and later growth and development. Fetal growth charts are important for assessing the size of the fetus during pregnancy. The aims of this study were to describe the fetal growth pattern of a population in rural Bangladesh where maternal undernutrition is prevalent and to compare the timing of FGR in that population with WHO and INTERGROWTH- 21st international reference values.MethodsFrom November 2001 to October 2003, pregnant women were recruited in Matlab, a sub district of Bangladesh, and underwent three follow-up ultrasound examinations during pregnancy for measurement of the parameters of the fetal head, abdomen, and femur. The data were fitted to a linear-cubic model, and the derived values were compared with international reference values.ResultsA total of 2678 singleton pregnancies were included in the analyses. The mean (SD) maternal age was 25.9 (5.8) years (range, 14–47 years). The mean (SD) early pregnancy BMI was 20.1 (2.6) kg/m2, and 27.6% of the women were underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2). The growth of the biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference was significantly smaller throughout the pregnancy than the reference values (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, a larger deviation in the growth of Bangladeshi fetuses was observed after 28 weeks of gestation when compared with the WHO and INTERGROWTH-21st reference fetal growth charts (P ≤ 0.05). After 28 weeks of gestation, the average Bangladesh estimated fetal weight gain per week of gestational age was significantly lower than the WHO estimated fetal weight by as much as 67.4 g (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThe present population-based study showed that fetuses were smaller in the third trimester when compared with the reference charts. Growth faltering started in the second trimester for all the biometric parameters for the head, abdomen, and femur. This finding provides more challenges concerning nutritional interventions

柔軟防水剤の性能に関する研究(第4報) : 紫外線の影響について

防水加工布の紫外線照射による黄変と強度変化を知るために絹・ナイロン・木綿・レーヨンの試布について照射時間と照射温度の条件を設定し,無加工布との比較によって検討した。さらに石けん水浸漬前と後および紫外線照射と室内散光曝射の比較をなし,洗たく時のすすぎの良否および直射光線による乾燥と散光による乾燥が白度と強度におよぼす影響を知ることができた。その結果を要約する。1白度の変化1)防水加工によって紫外線による黄変が著しくなるが,ナイロンは他の試布よりその影響がいくぶん少ない。2)照射時間の累積による黄変が大きいから短時間に乾燥することが大切である。3)すすぎの不完全は黄変の原因となるが,特に絹にその影響が大きい。防水加工布は無加工布より石けん焼けが少ない。4)照射温度上昇は黄変促進の傾向となるが,防水加工布は温度上昇の影響が少ない。5)室内散光による白度低下は,加工布・無加工布・照射時間の累積のいづれの場合も僅少であるから,黄変防止のためには直射光線をさけて,日蔭か室内散光によって乾燥する必要を認めた。2強度の変化1)紫外線照射による強度低下は,無加工布において次のことを認めた。木綿は照射の初期において強度低下を示すが照射時間の累積による強度低下は少なく,絹は時間の累積による強度低下が急である。2)防水加工布の紫外線による強度低下は無加工布より著しく,特に絹にその影響が大きい。3)照射時間の累積と照射温度の上昇による強度低下は無加工布に大きく,特に絹に顕著である。4)室内散光による強度低下は防水加工布の石けん水浸漬の場合に絹>木綿・レーヨン>ナイロンの順で低下を示したが,無加工布および石けん水浸漬前のものは変化を見なかった。5)絹の防水加工布はすすぎの不完全および直射光線による強度低下が他の試布より著しい

Inadequate Folic Acid Intake Among Women Taking Antiepileptic Drugs During Pregnancy in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study aimed to assess characteristics of pregnant women taking antiepileptic drugs with inadequate folic acid intake. This cross-sectional study examined pregnant women taking antiepileptic drugs who were registered in the Japanese Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy (JDIIP) database between October 2005 and December 2016. Participants were classified into two groups according to when they started folic acid supplementation (before pregnancy: ‘adequate’, after pregnancy or never: ‘inadequate’). Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate factors associated with inadequate folic acid intake. Of 12,794 registrants, 468 pregnant women were taking antiepileptics during the first trimester. Of these, we analysed data from 456 women who had no missing data. As a result, inadequate folic acid intake was noted among 83.3% of them, suggesting that the current level of folic acid intake is insufficient overall. Younger age, smoking, alcohol drinking, multiparity, unplanned pregnancy, and being prescribed AEDs by paediatric or psychiatric departments were independent factors associated with inadequate folic acid intake. As planned pregnancy was the strongest factor, healthcare professionals should ensure that childbearing women taking antiepileptics are informed of the importance of planned pregnancy. In addition, healthcare professionals must gain a better understanding of folic acid intake, as the prevalence of adequate intake differed according to which departments prescribed antiepileptic drugs

Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia : an observational study

Introduction. Some pregnant women develop significant proteinuria in the absence of hypertension. However, clinical significance of isolated gestational proteinuria (IGP) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IGP in singleton pregnancies and the proportion of women with IGP who subsequently developed preeclampsia (IGP-PE) among all PE cases. Material and methods. This was an observational study of 6819 women with singleton pregnancies at 12 centers, including 938 women with at least once determination of protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/Cr). Significant proteinuria in pregnancy (SPIP) was defined as P/Cr (mg/mg) level >0.27. IGP was defined as SPIP in the absence of hypertension. Gestational hypertension (GH) preceding preeclampsia (GH-PE) was defined as preeclampsia (PE) in which GH preceded SPIP. Simultaneous PE (S-PE) was defined as PE in which both SPIP and hypertension occurred simultaneously. Results. IGP and PE were diagnosed in 130 (1.9%) and 158 (2.3%) of 6819 women, respectively. Of 130 women with IGP, 32 (25%) progressed to PE and accounted for 20% of all women with PE. Hence, women with IGP had a relative risk of 13.1 (95% CI; 9.2-18.5) for developing PE compared with those without IGP [25% (32/130) vs. 1.9% (126/6689)]. At diagnosis of SPIP, P/Cr levels already exceeded 1.0 more often in women with S-PE than in those with IGP-PE [67% (33/49) vs. 44% (14/32), respectively, p = 0.031]. Conclusions. IGP is a risk factor for PE, and IGP-PE accounts for a considerable proportion (20%) of all PE

Measurement of electrostatic potential fluctuation using heavy ion beam probe in large helical device

Heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) for large helical device (LHD) has been improved to measure the potential fluctuation in high-temperature plasmas. The spatial resolution is improved to about 10 mm by controlling the focus of a probe beam. The HIBP is applied to measure the potential fluctuation in plasmas where the rotational transform is controlled by electron cyclotron current drive. The fluctuations whose frequencies change with the time constant of a few hundreds of milliseconds and that with a constant frequency are observed. The characteristics of the latter fluctuation are similar to those of the geodesic acoustic mode oscillation. The spatial profiles of the fluctuations are also obtained