1,567 research outputs found
Entanglement and four wave mixing effects in the dissipation free nonlinear interaction of two photons at a single atom
We investigate the nonlinear interaction between two photons in a single
input pulse at an atomic two level nonlinearity. A one dimensional model for
the propagation of light to and from the atom is used to describe the precise
spatiotemporal coherence of the two photon state. It is shown that the
interaction generates spatiotemporal entanglement in the output state similar
to the entanglement observed in parametric downconversion. A method of
generating photon pairs from coherent pump light using this quantum mechanical
four wave mixing process is proposed.Comment: 10 pages, including 3 figures, correction in eq.(7), updated
references, final version for publication in PR
Input states for quantum gates
We examine three possible implementations of non-deterministic linear optical
cnot gates with a view to an in-principle demonstration in the near future. To
this end we consider demonstrating the gates using currently available sources
such as spontaneous parametric down conversion and coherent states, and current
detectors only able to distinguish between zero or many photons. The
demonstration is possible in the co-incidence basis and the errors introduced
by the non-optimal input states and detectors are analysed
Doping dependence of the resonance peak and incommensuration in high- superconductors
The doping and frequency evolutions of the incommensurate spin response and
the resonance mode are studied based on the scenario of the Fermi surface
topology. We use the slave-boson mean-field approach to the
model and including the antiferromagnetic fluctuation correction in the
random-phase approximation. We find that the equality between the
incommensurability and the hole concentration is reproduced at low frequencies
in the underdoped regime. This equality observed in experiments was explained
{\it only} based on the stripe model before. We also obtain the downward
dispersion for the spin response and predict its doping dependence for further
experimental testing, as well as a proportionality between the low-energy
incommensurability and the resonance energy. Our results suggest a common
origin for the incommensuration and the resonance peak based on the Fermi
surface topology and the d-wave symmetry.Comment: 5 pages, 4 PS figure
Convergence of energy-dependent incommensurate antiferromagnetic neutron scattering peaks to commensurate resonance in underdoped bilayer cuprates
The recently discovered coexistence of incommensurate antiferromagnetic
neutron scattering peaks and commensurate resonance in underdoped
YBaCuO is calling for an explanation. Within the t-J model, the
doping and energy dependence of the spin dynamics of the underdoped bilayer
cuprates in the normal state is studied based on the fermion-spin theory by
considering the bilayer interactions. Incommensurate peaks are found at
and at low energies with
initially increasing with doping at low dopings and then saturating at
higher dopings. These incommensurate peaks are suppressed, and the parameter
is reduced with increasing energy. Eventually it converges to the
resonance peak. Thus the recently observed coexistence is
interpreted in terms of bilayer interactions.Comment: 15 pages, Revtex, five figures are included, accepted for publication
in Phys. Rev.
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InPBi Single Crystals Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy
InPBi was predicted to be the most robust infrared optoelectronic material but also the most difficult to synthesize within In-VBi (V = P, As and Sb) 25 years ago. We report the first successful growth of InPBi single crystals with Bi concentration far beyond the doping level by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. The InPBi thin films reveal excellent surface, structural and optical qualities making it a promising new IIIâV compound family member for heterostructures. The Bi concentration is found to be 2.4 ± 0.4% with 94 ± 5% Bi atoms at substitutional sites. Optical absorption indicates a band gap of 1.23â
eV at room temperature while photoluminescence shows unexpectedly strong and broad light emission at 1.4â2.7â
ÎŒm which can't be explained by the existing theory
Oxygen radical-mediated oxidation reactions of an alanine peptide motif - density functional theory and transition state theory study
Background: Oxygen-base (O-base) oxidation in protein backbone is important in the protein backbone fragmentation due to the attack from reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, an alanine peptide was used model system to investigate this O-base oxidation by employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations combining with continuum solvent model. Detailed reaction steps were analyzed along with their reaction rate constants. Results: Most of the O-base oxidation reactions for this alanine peptide are exothermic except for the bond-breakage of the C-alpha-N bond to form hydroperoxy alanine radical. Among the reactions investigated in this study, the activated energy of OH alpha-H abstraction is the lowest one, while the generation of alkylperoxy peptide radical must overcome the highest energy barrier. The aqueous situation facilitates the oxidation reactions to generate hydroxyl alanine peptide derivatives except for the fragmentations of alkoxyl alanine peptide radical. The C-alpha-C-beta bond of the alkoxyl alanine peptide radical is more labile than the peptide bond. Conclusion: the rate-determining step of oxidation in protein backbone is the generation of hydroperoxy peptide radical via the reaction of alkylperoxy peptide radical with HO2. The stabilities of alkylperoxy peptide radical and complex of alkylperoxy peptide radical with HO2 are crucial in this O-base oxidation reaction
Phase separation and ferroelectric ordering in charge frustrated LuFe2O4-x
The transmission electron microscopy observations of the charge ordering (CO)
which governs the electronic polarization in LuFe2O4-x clearly show the
presence of a remarkable phase separation at low temperatures. Two CO ground
states are found to adopt the charge modulations of Q1 = (1/3, 1/3, 0) and Q2 =
(1/3 + y, 1/3 + y, 3/2), respectively. Our structural study demonstrates that
the incommensurately Q2-modulated state is chiefly stable in samples with
relatively lower oxygen contents. Data from theoretical simulations of the
diffraction suggest that both Q1- and Q2-modulated phases have ferroelectric
ordering. The effects of oxygen concentration on the phase separation and
electric polarization in this layered system are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Quantum state engineering assisted by entanglement
We suggest a general scheme for quantum state engineering based on
conditional measurements carried out on entangled twin-beam of radiation.
Realistic detection schemes such as {\sc on/off} photodetection, homodyne
detection and joint measurement of two-mode quadratures are analyzed in
details. Imperfections of the apparatuses, such as nonunit quantum efficiency
and finite resolution, are taken into account. We show that conditional {\sc
on/off} photodetection provides a reliable scheme to verify nonclassicality,
whereas conditional homodyning represents a tunable and robust source of
squeezed light. We also describe optical teleportation as a conditional
measurement, and evaluate the degrading effects of finite amount of
entanglement, decoherence due to losses, and nonunit quantum efficiency.Comment: Some pics with low resolution. Originals at http://www.qubit.i
Quantum spin pumping with adiabatically modulated magnetic barrier's
A quantum pump device involving magnetic barriers produced by the deposition
of ferro magnetic stripes on hetero-structure's is investigated. The device for
dc- transport does not provide spin-polarized currents, but in the adiabatic
regime, when one modulates two independent parameters of this device, spin-up
and spin-down electrons are driven in opposite directions, with the net result
being that a finite net spin current is transported with negligible charge
current. We also analyze our proposed device for inelastic-scattering and
spin-orbit scattering. Strong spin-orbit scattering and more so inelastic
scattering have a somewhat detrimental effect on spin/charge ratio especially
in the strong pumping regime. Further we show our pump to be almost noiseless,
implying an optimal quantum spin pump.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures. Manuscript revised with additional new material
on spin-orbit scattering and inelastic scattering. Further new additions on
noiseless pumping and analytical results with distinction between weak and
strong pumping regimes. Accepted for publication in Physical Review
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