Energy Calibration of the JLab Bremsstrahlung Tagging System

In this report, we present the energy calibration of the Hall B bremsstrahlung tagging system at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The calibration was performed using a magnetic pair spectrometer. The tagged photon energy spectrum was measured in coincidence with $e^+e^-$ pairs as a function of the pair spectrometer magnetic field. Taking advantage of the internal linearity of the pair spectrometer, the energy of the tagging system was calibrated at the level of $\pm 0.1$. The absolute energy scale was determined using the $e^+e^-$ rate measurements close to the end-point of the photon spectrum. The energy variations across the full tagging range were found to be $<3$ MeV.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figure

Quantized spin excitations in a ferromagnetic microstrip from microwave photovoltage measurements

Quantized spin excitations in a single ferromagnetic microstrip have been measured using the microwave photovoltage technique. Several kinds of spin wave modes due to different contributions of the dipole-dipole and the exchange interactions are observed. Among them are a series of distinct dipole-exchange spin wave modes, which allow us to determine precisely the subtle spin boundary condition. A comprehensive picture for quantized spin excitations in a ferromagnet with finite size is thereby established. The dispersions of the quantized spin wave modes have two different branches separated by the saturation magnetization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Direct correlation between strengthening mechanisms and electrical noise in strained copper wires

We have measured the resistance noise of copper metallic wires during a tensile stress. The time variation of the main resistance is continuous up to the wire breakdown, but its fluctuations reveal the intermittent and heterogeneous character of plastic flow. We show in particular direct correlations between strengthening mechanisms and noise spectra characteristics.Comment: accepted in Phys Rev

Tritium in Metallen: Präparationstechnik (Tritiumlabor): Eigenschaften von Tritium in Vanadium, Niob, Tantal und Palladium

In order to study the behaviour of tritium in metals, an all metal apparatus has been built for the safe handling of 100 mg of tritium (1000 Ci). This amount of tritium, for example, can load 10 g Pd to a concentration of T/Pd = 0.37. Samples can be loaded with tritium in a defined way by changing the gas pressure and the temperature. A PDP-II computer controlled the experiments by measuring pressures, room and sam pie temperatures and by adjusting the power for heating the sample. The main results of our studies in palladium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum are as follows: For the first time the phase diagram of the palladium-tritium system has been determined up to high concentrations. At constant concentration and temperature the following inequali ties hold for the desorption pressure: $P_{T_2}$(x, T) > $P_{D_2}$ (x, T) > $P_{H_2}$ (x, T). This is a consequence of the larger decrease of the energy of the vibrational levels in the molecule in comparison to the ones in the palladium lattice under isotopic exchange. In the two phase region ($\alpha$+$\beta$) the following values of the disintegration enthalpy $\Delta$H and -entropy $\Delta$S using the van't Hoff equation In p = - $\Delta$H/RT + $\Delta$S/R were obtained: [...

Dislocation sources in ordered intermetallics

An overview on the current understanding of dislocation sources and multiplication mechanisms is made for ordered intermetallic alloys of the L1{sub 2}, B2, and D0{sub 19} structures. In L1{sub 2} alloys, a large disparity of edge/screw segments in their relative mobility reduces the efficiency of a Frank-Read Type multiplication mechanism. In Fe-40%Al of the B2 structure, a variety of dislocation sources are available for slip, including ones resulting from condensation of thermal vacancies. In NiAl with the relatively high APB energy, dislocations may result from the dislocation decomposition reactions, the prismatic punching out from inclusion particles, and/or steps and coated layers of the surface. Internal interfaces often provide sites for dislocation multiplication, e.g., grain boundaries, sub-boundaries in Ni{sub 3}Ga, NiAl and Ti{sub 3}Al, and antiphase domain boundaries in Ti{sub 3}Al. As for the crack tip as a dislocation source, extended SISFs trailed by super-Shockley partials emanating form the cracks in Ni{sub 3}Al and Co{sub 3}Ti are discussed in view of a possible toughening mechanism

Development of local shear bands and orientation gradients in fcc polycrystals

A finite element formulation which derives constitutive response from crystal plasticity theory is used to examine localized deformation in fcc polycrystals. The polycrystals are simple, idealized arrangements of grains. Localized deformations within individual grains lead to the development of domains that are separated by boundaries of high misorientation. Shear banding is seen to occur on a microscopic scale of grain dimensions. The important consequences of these simulations are that the predicted local inhomogeneities are meeting various requirements which make them possible nucleation sites for recrystallization

In-Situ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Strain, Temperature, and Strain-Rate Variations of Deformation-Induced Vacancy Concentration in Aluminum

Critical strain to serrated flow in solid solution alloys exhibiting dynamic strain aging (DSA) or Portevin–LeChatelier effect is due to the strain-induced vacancy production. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques can be used to monitor in situ the dynamical behavior of point and line defects in materials during deformation, and these techniques are nondestructive and noninvasive. The new CUT-sequence pulse method allowed an accurate evaluation of the strain-enhanced vacancy diffusion and, thus, the excess vacancy concentration during deformation as a function of strain, strain rate, and temperature. Due to skin effect problems in metals at high frequencies, thin foils of Al were used and experimental results correlated with models based on vacancy production through mechanical work (vs thermal jogs), while in situ annealing of excess vacancies is noted at high temperatures. These correlations made it feasible to obtain explicit dependencies of the strain-induced vacancy concentration on test variables such as the strain, strain rate, and temperature. These studies clearly reveal the power and utility of these NMR techniques in the determination of deformation-induced vacancies in situ in a noninvasive fashion.

The Jlab Upgrade - Studies of the Nucleon with CLAS12

An overview is presented on the program to study the nucleon structure at the 12 GeV JLab upgrade using the CLAS12 detector. The focus is on deeply virtual exclusive processes to access the generalized parton distributions, semni-inclusive processes to study transverse momentum dependent distribution functions, and inclusive spin structure functions and resonance transition form factors at high Q^2 and with high precision.Comment: 7 pages, 12 figures, NSTAR 2007 conference, Bonn, September 5-8, 200

Electromagnetic Meson Production in the Nucleon Resonance Region

Recent experimental and theoretical advances in investigating electromagnetic meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region are reviewed.Comment: 75 pages, 42 figure