6,157 research outputs found
Dynamical phase diagram of Gaussian BEC wave packets in optical lattices
We study the dynamics of self-trapping in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs)
loaded in deep optical lattices with Gaussian initial conditions, when the
dynamics is well described by the Discrete Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Equation
(DNLS). In the literature an approximate dynamical phase diagram based on a
variational approach was introduced to distinguish different dynamical regimes:
diffusion, self-trapping and moving breathers. However, we find that the actual
DNLS dynamics shows a completely different diagram than the variational
prediction. We numerically calculate a detailed dynamical phase diagram
accurately describing the different dynamical regimes. It exhibits a complex
structure which can readily be tested in current experiments in BECs in optical
lattices and in optical waveguide arrays. Moreover, we derive an explicit
theoretical estimate for the transition to self-trapping in excellent agreement
with our numerical findings, which may be a valuable guide as well for future
studies on a quantum dynamical phase diagram based on the Bose-Hubbard
Hamiltonian
Revenue Management and Demand Fulfillment: Matching Applications, Models, and Software
Recent years have seen great successes of revenue management, notably in the airline, hotel, and car rental business. Currently, an increasing number of industries, including manufacturers and retailers, are exploring ways to adopt similar concepts. Software companies are taking an active role in promoting the broadening range of applications. Also technological advances, including smart shelves and radio frequency identification (RFID), are removing many of the barriers to extended revenue management. The rapid developments in Supply Chain Planning and Revenue Management software solutions, scientific models, and industry applications have created a complex picture, which appears not yet to be well understood. It is not evident which scientific models fit which industry applications and which aspects are still missing. The relation between available software solutions and applications as well as scientific models appears equally unclear. The goal of this paper is to help overcome this confusion. To this end, we structure and review three dimensions, namely applications, models, and software. Subsequently, we relate these dimensions to each other and highlight commonalities and discrepancies. This comparison also provides a basis for identifying future research needs.Manufacturing;Revenue Management;Software;Advanced Planning Systems;Demand Fulfillment
A Stochastic Dynamic Programming Approach to Revenue Management in a Make-to-Stock Production System
In this paper, we consider a make-to-stock production system with known exogenous replenishments and multiple customer classes. The objective is to maximize profit over the planning horizon by deciding whether to accept or reject a given order, in anticipation of more profitable future orders. What distinguishes this setup from classical airline revenue management problems is the explicit consideration of past and future replenishments and the integration of inventory holding and backlogging costs. If stock is on-hand, orders can be fulfilled immediately, backlogged or rejected. In shortage situations, orders can be either rejected or backlogged to be fulfilled from future arriving supply. The described decision problem occurs in many practical settings, notably in make-to-stock production systems, in which production planning is performed on a mid-term level, based on aggregated demand forecasts. In the short term, acceptance decisions about incoming orders are then made according to stock on-hand and scheduled production quantities. We model this problem as a stochastic dynamic program and characterize its optimal policy. It turns out that the optimal fulfillment policy has a relatively simple structure and is easy to implement. We evaluate this policy numerically and find that it systematically outperforms common current fulfillment policies, such as first-come-first-served and deterministic optimization.revenue management;advanced planning systems;make-to-stock production;order fulfillment
Improved alkaline electrochemical cell
Addition of lead ions to electrolyte suppresses zinc dendrite formation during charging cycle. A soluble lead salt can be added directly or metallic lead can be incorporated in the zinc electrode and allowed to dissolve into the electrolyte
Experimental Observation of a Fundamental Length Scale of Waves in Random Media
Waves propagating through a weakly scattering random medium show a pronounced
branching of the flow accompanied by the formation of freak waves, i.e.,
extremely intense waves. Theory predicts that this strong fluctuation regime is
accompanied by its own fundamental length scale of transport in random media,
parametrically different from the mean free path or the localization length. We
show numerically how the scintillation index can be used to assess the scaling
behavior of the branching length. We report the experimental observation of
this scaling using microwave transport experiments in quasi-two-dimensional
resonators with randomly distributed weak scatterers. Remarkably, the scaling
range extends much further than expected from random caustics statistics.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Women on walls: the female subject in modern graffiti art
Modern day wall art featuring women as subjects is usually painted by male artists, although women graffiti artists are challenging that male dominance and there are ample examples of their work on social media. The choice of women as subjects dates back to ancient Rome and Greece where idealized female images provided a template for desire, sexuality and goddess status. In modern times, wall artists present women as iconic subjects of power, renewal, and social commentary. Feminine graffiti appears to be idiosyncratic in its subject matter—the product of history, geography, culture and political discourse based on feminine power and influence. Although it is impossible to generalize stylistically about street artists, who are sui generis by their very nature–and wall art defies easy labelling–there are some patterns that are apparent when wandering city streets and encountering women subjects on walls. This photo-essay explores women who feature in wall art in open air galleries in Western Europe, South America and tropical Cuba and seeks to define female archetypes found in these examples. The historical antecedents to modern wall art are presented followed by specific examples of wall art featuring women; succinct interpretations are presented with each example. The journey takes us to Paris, Berlin and Venice, with a stopover in the small fishing town of Huanchaco, Peru, the colourful artistic hill city of Valparaiso, Chile and ends on the worn and tattered streets of tropical Havana, Cuba. In crossing the equator and cultural divide between Western Europe, South America and the Caribbean some surprising trends are suggested in this exploration of women on walls. Keywords: wall art, women in graffiti, city streets, tropical, female archetypes, Europe and South America graffit
Fractal Conductance Fluctuations of Classical Origin
In mesoscopic systems conductance fluctuations are a sensitive probe of
electron dynamics and chaotic phenomena. We show that the conductance of a
purely classical chaotic system with either fully chaotic or mixed phase space
generically exhibits fractal conductance fluctuations unrelated to quantum
interference. This might explain the unexpected dependence of the fractal
dimension of the conductance curves on the (quantum) phase breaking length
observed in experiments on semiconductor quantum dots.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PR
Nonlinear Dynamics of Composite Fermions in Nanostructures
We outline a theory describing the quasi-classical dynamics of composite
fermions in the fractional quantum Hall regime in the potentials of arbitrary
nanostructures. By an appropriate parametrization of time we show that their
trajectories are independent of their mass and dispersion. This allows to study
the dynamics in terms of an effective Hamiltonian although the actual
dispersion is as yet unknown. The applicability of the theory is verified in
the case of antidot arrays where it explains details of magnetoresistance
measurements and thus confirms the existence of these quasiparticles.Comment: submitted to Europhys. Lett., 4 pages, postscrip
On the generalized Davenport constant and the Noether number
Known results on the generalized Davenport constant related to zero-sum
sequences over a finite abelian group are extended to the generalized Noether
number related to the rings of polynomial invariants of an arbitrary finite
group. An improved general upper bound is given on the degrees of polynomial
invariants of a non-cyclic finite group which cut out the zero vector.Comment: 14 page
- …