Fixed Effects Bias in Panel Data Estimators

Since little is known about the degree of bias in estimated fixed effects in panel data models, we run Monte Carlo simulations on a range of different estimators. We find that Anderson-Hsiao IV, Kivietâs bias-corrected LSDV and GMM estimators all perform well in both short and long panels. However, OLS outperforms the other estimators when the following holds: the cross-section is small (N = 20), the time dimension is short (T = 5) and the coefficient on the lagged dependent variable is large (γ = 0.8).fixed effects, panel data, LSDV, dynamic model

The Necessity of Self-Employment Towards Retirement: Evidence from Labor Market Dynamics and Search Requirements for Unemployment Benefits

Hervorming Sociale Regelgevin

Early Retirement Across Europe. Does Non-Standard Employment Increase Participation of Older Workers?

Hervorming Sociale Regelgevin

Campus Design: Assessing Outdoor Spaces at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo to Improve Student Experience

The outdoor space of university campuses is an aspect of design which still remains, to a certain degree, uncharted. There are merely not enough relevant case studies and research in creating foundational principles which adhere to the design of a functional outdoor space on university campuses. The success of the student body for a college, academically and socially, is dependent on creating a welcoming and holistic learning environment for students to thrive. Social spaces bridge the gap between the built and natural environment, therefore, providing proper physical components in an outdoor space becomes vital in creating a desired environment which serves the student body. Analyzing human interaction through observations and interviews will bring forward the necessity of creating an engaging academic experience outside of traditional classrooms and highlight how crucial outdoor spaces are for the social and academic success of students. This project draws inspiration from William H. Whyte’s documentary film and book “The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces.” As he analyzes the effective and ineffective plazas and public spaces across the United States, he creates dialogue around human behavior and the built environment. Holly Whyte shows how basic tools of observation and interviews allow for learning substantial information about the human relationship with public spaces. Following his reasoning and methodology, this project uses location criteria, accounts for natural elements, observes student activities, and analyzes the relationship among each of these. This study intends to understand how students utilize different outdoor spaces, the effectiveness of those spaces, and improvements students desire through observations and interviews acquired via activity scan forms and user intercept surveys. Ultimately, this study serves to create an identity for the outdoor learning spaces on university campuses to improve student success. Campus planners can create successful outdoor space by programming needs and analyzing the relationship between student behavior, activities, nature, and the built environment. Though, this project facilitates a conversation for creating effective outdoor spaces on university campuses, it is merely an introductory discussion of the intricate and imperative concepts of humanity and design

Innovation and the determinants of company survival

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Innovation and industrial evolution

The article examines industrial innovation, and how it is at the core of the survival and transformation process since it is the way firms metamorphose in order to compete with rivals. If innovation is positively correlated with profitability, those firms that are not innovative are more likely to wither and die. The article discusses the role of government in interceding with firms that are at risk, and postulates that there are likely to be some firm deaths which are prospectively welfare-enhancing and some which are not. The article proposes that governments should be able to differentiate between the two and take appropriate action. The article examines corporate life cycles in Australia to determine the effect of the demise of low productivity firms on industrial evolution

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science

C1 - Refereed Journal Articl