There and back again in the Rawah Wilderness: reoccupation at high elevations in the Medicine Bow Mountains, Colorado

2020 Fall.Includes bibliographical references.This thesis considers the role of reoccupation and persistent use of place in broader systems of high elevation landscape use in the Southern Rocky Mountains. With a geographic focus on the Medicine Bow Mountains of northern Colorado, the study identifies substantive patterns in the assemblage composition, landscape distribution, and surface structure of sites exhibiting evidence of high reoccupation intensity. Following a laboratory analysis of 2,372 artifacts from 30 sites, as well as high resolution mapping of surface artifact distributions in the field, the study identifies several trends with significant potential for clarifying understandings of the precontact utilization of these landscapes. First, a substantial range of reoccupation intensity exists in the surface record of the Medicine Bow Mountains. Second, sites with evidence of preferential reoccupation exhibit significant variability in their assemblage composition, likely reflecting the diverse range of functional activities and transhumance systems associated with their use through time. Third, spatioenvironmental modeling of reoccupation at the landscape scale suggests high elevation contexts, particularly the timberline ecotone, were a focal point of persistent reuse in the study area. Fourth, the surface record of persistently reused places constitutes a palimpsest of time-averaged deposits from many discrete occupations. Analysis of the spatial character and composition of these deposits informs broader understandings of the structure of these sites and the reconstruction of their long-term use through time. These results reinforce the archaeological significance of the Medicine Bow Mountains for clarifying larger patterns in the indigenous use of high elevations in Colorado

The Role of Underutilization of Protective Behavioral Strategies in the Relation of Social Anxiety with Risky Drinking

Social anxiety is prominent among undergraduates and increases the risk of experiencing alcohol problems. In fact, social anxiety more than quadruples the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder, yet it is inconsistently related to heavier drinking. Inconsistent findings may be due to lack of attention on protective behavioral strategies (PBS) among socially anxious drinkers. PBS are cognitive-behavioral strategies to reduce drinking and alcohol-related harm. Due to the nature of social anxiety, affected individuals may be especially vulnerable to PBS underutilization, leading to heavier and more problematic drinking. The current study examined the mediating role of PBS in the relationships of social anxiety with past-month drinking and alcohol problems using cross-sectional data among current (past-month) heavy undergraduate drinkers (N = 431). Social anxiety was significantly positively related to past-month alcohol problems and peak drinking. Social anxiety was significantly negatively related to typical drinking, drinking frequency, and PBSS Manner of Drinking. Social anxiety was indirectly (via PBSS Manner of Drinking) related to greater past-month peak drinks and more drinking problems. Findings suggest that socially anxious persons may be vulnerable to heavier and more problematic drinking due to PBS underutilization. Treatment implications are discussed

When The Sunset Turns The Ocean\u27s Blue to Gold

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/2734/thumbnail.jp

God's disposition toward humanity in the theology of John Calvin: one will or two? : an analysis of Calvin's teaching on the knowledge of God, predestination and the atonement

In the course of this study, we find that for Calvin, God has one righteous will that is expressed as two, decidedly asymmetrical dispositions toward humanity. For Calvin, the only God that can be known, proclaimed, and trusted is God the Father, the God of creation, election and redemption who relates to his people according to his fatherly love; for reasons known only to him, God inexplicably creates some whom he does not rescue from their sinful state of rebellion against him. We first examine Calvin’s teaching on the knowledge of God and discover that God has revealed his unchanging nature to those with faith. God’s loving, righteous, wise, good, powerful, judging (of evil), and holy nature is exhibited in creation and providence, in Scripture, and most of all in Christ. We next explore Calvin’s teaching on predestination and discover that God’s one, secret, righteous will is expressed in two, decidedly asymmetrical wills toward humanity: (1) God’s disclosed electing will that directly corresponds with God’s nature and is extended to all but only effected in the elect; (2) God’s veiled reprobating will toward the reprobate that, from the human perspective, only corresponds to God’s nature in part. We continue by examining Calvin’s teaching on the reconciling work of Christ, finding that, for Calvin, creation and redemption clearly exhibit God’s disclosed disposition toward humanity while demonstrating God’s veiled disposition only in very small part. We then provide constructive analysis in three related areas: (1) Calvin’s teaching on the intra-trinitarian relations, (2) the locus of mystery in Calvin’s, Arminius’, and Barth’s accounts of predestination, and (3) the reclaimed logic of Mosaic sacrifice in relation to Calvin’s atonement teaching. In the context of a concluding summary, we consider three biblical accounts that depict God as possessing one rather than two dispositions toward humanity

Elders Impressions of Ethicolegal Issues in Healthcare

Ethicolegal issues are those that involve ethical and legal considerations when one is deciding on a course of action. They include topics in advance directives, basic human needs, general nursing care, and health care decision-making. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspectives of elders regarding geriatric care. Seniors ages 65 and older were interviewed using the Seniors Perspectives Regarding Elder Care Issues (SPRECI) questionnaire to obtain qualitative responses. Eight open-ended questions developed by the investigator comprised the SPRECI. The questionnaire was reviewed for content validity by a CNS with cardiovascular and administrative experience, a faculty member with experience in geriatric nursing, a faculty member with experience in ethicolegal issues, and another with experience in research methods. Emergent themes: (a) general nursing care, (b) basic needs, (c) advance directives, (d) decision making, and 5) understanding, intimate that elders commend hospitals for effectively providing for the geriatric patient, yet they identify deficits in trust, communication, and frustration with that care. The implication is that nurses should become more active in eliciting information from elders which accurately document their experiences in health care settings. This information is needed in order to address elders ethicolegal needs

Coordinated Induction of Antimicrobial Response Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulated autoantibody production and complement activation leading to multi-organ damage. The disease is associated with increased intestinal permeability. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SLE subjects have increased systemic exposure to bacteria. Since bacteria induce the expression of antimicrobial response factors (ARFs), we measured the levels of a series of clinically relevant ARFs in the plasma of SLE subjects. We found that levels of sCD14, lysozyme, and CXCL16 were significantly elevated in SLE subjects. A strong positive correlation was also observed between sCD14 and SELENA-SLEDAI score. Interestingly, the ratio of EndoCAb IgM:total IgM was significantly decreased in SLE and this ratio was negatively correlated with sCD14 levels. Although, there were no significant differences in the levels of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), we observed significant positive correlations between lysozyme levels and sCD14, LBP, and FABP2. Moreover, galectin-3 levels also positively correlate with lysozyme, sCD14, and LBP. Since our SLE cohort comprised 43.33% males, we were able to identify gender-specific changes in the levels of ARFs. Overall, these changes in the levels and relationships between ARFs link microbial exposure and SLE. Approaches to reduce microbial exposure or to improve barrier function may provide therapeutic strategies for SLE patients

The trans-activation domain of the sporulation response regulator Spo0A revealed by X-ray crystallography

Sporulation in Bacillus involves the induction of scores of genes in a temporally and spatially co-ordinated programme of cell development. Its initiation is under the control of an expanded two-component signal transduction system termed a phosphorelay. The master control element in the decision to sporulate is the response regulator, Spo0A, which comprises a receiver or phosphoacceptor domain and an effector or transcription activation domain. The receiver domain of Spo0A shares sequence similarity with numerous response regulators, and its structure has been determined in phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms. However, the effector domain (C-Spo0A) has no detectable sequence similarity to any other protein, and this lack of structural information is an obstacle to understanding how DNA binding and transcription activation are controlled by phosphorylation in Spo0A. Here, we report the crystal structure of C-Spo0A from Bacillus stearothermophilus revealing a single alpha -helical domain comprising six alpha -helices in an unprecedented fold. The structure contains a helix-turn-helix as part of a three alpha -helical bundle reminiscent of the catabolite gene activator protein (CAP), suggesting a mechanism for DNA binding. The residues implicated in forming the sigma (A)-activating region clearly cluster in a flexible segment of the polypeptide on the opposite side of the structure from that predicted to interact with DNA. The structural results are discussed in the context of the rich array of existing mutational data