e-Pilly TROP Maladies infectieuses tropicales

L’e-Pilly TROP est un ouvrage d’infectiologie tropicale destiné aux médecins et aux étudiants en médecine des pays francophones du Sud. La prise en compte des différents niveaux de la pyramide sanitaire dans ces pays le rend aussi accessible aux infirmiers des centres de santé communautaires urbains et des structures de santé intermédiaires des zones rurales. Par définition, les Pays En Développement accroissant progressivement leurs capacités de diagnostic biologique et de traitement, les outils de prise en charge correspondent aux moyens des niveaux périphériques comme à ceux des niveaux hospitaliers de référence

Influence of aerobic fitness on gastrointestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation following a fixed-intensity military exertional heat stress test

Purpose: Exertional-heat stress adversely disrupts gastrointestinal (GI) barrier integrity, whereby subsequent microbial translocation (MT) can result in potentially serious health consequences. To date, the influence of aerobic fitness on GI barrier integrity and MT following exertional-heat stress is poorly characterised. Method: Ten untrained (UT; VO2max = 45 ± 3 ml·kg−1·min−1) and ten highly trained (HT; VO2max = 64 ± 4 ml·kg−1·min−1) males completed an ecologically valid (military) 80-min fixed-intensity exertional-heat stress test (EHST). Venous blood was drawn immediately pre- and post-EHST. GI barrier integrity was assessed using the serum dual-sugar absorption test (DSAT) and plasma Intestinal Fatty-Acid Binding Protein (I-FABP). MT was assessed using plasma Bacteroides/total 16S DNA. Results: UT experienced greater thermoregulatory, cardiovascular and perceptual strain (p < 0.05) than HT during the EHST. Serum DSAT responses were similar between the two groups (p = 0.59), although Δ I-FABP was greater (p = 0.04) in the UT (1.14 ± 1.36 ng·ml−1) versus HT (0.20 ± 0.29 ng·ml−1) group. Bacteroides/Total 16S DNA ratio was unchanged (Δ; -0.04 ± 0.18) following the EHST in the HT group, but increased (Δ; 0.19 ± 0.25) in the UT group (p = 0.05). Weekly aerobic training hours had a weak, negative correlation with Δ I-FABP and Bacteroides/total 16S DNA responses. Conclusion: When exercising at the same absolute workload, UT individuals are more susceptible to small intestinal epithelial injury and MT than HT individuals. These responses appear partially attributable to greater thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, and perceptual strain

Les fructosanes et l\u27hybridation chez les Gramin\ue9es

Volume: 18Start Page: 460End Page: 46

Aggregation during Coniferyl Alcohol Polymerization in Pectin Solution: A Biomimetic Approach of the First Steps of Lignification

International audienc

The efficiency of indigenous and designed consortia in bioleaching stirred tank reactors

International audienceThe efficiency of bioleaching is dependant on the establishment of an active microbial community. There is debate as to whether an indigenous microbial community is superior to one composed of microbial strains selected for specific physiological traits. The bioleachingefficiency of three microbial communities was studied: the indigenous community of a commercial bioleaching system (KCCL), a reconstituted consortium of the four major organisms which comprise KCCL that had been 'un-adapted' through a period of continuous maintenance in synthetic media (KCCR) and a specifically designedconsortium of bioleaching organisms (KCCD). Acidithiobacillus caldus was unable to re-establish itself in the reconstituted, un-adapted consortium. However, the bioleaching rate of this consortium improved over time, and its overall performance was very similar to that of the indigenous community. This was despite the absence of an obligate sulfur-oxidising species, which resulted in the generation of substantially less acid. The performance of the designedconsortium was poor, and the results implied that bioleachingconsortia (mesophiles or moderate thermophiles) cannot be assembled 'off-the-shelf', at least not without a substantial period of adaptation

Kinetic and inhibition studies of cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana

International audienc