Effects of uncertainties and errors on Lyapunov control

Lyapunov control (open-loop) is often confronted with uncertainties and errors in practical applications. In this paper, we analyze the robustness of Lyapunov control against the uncertainties and errors in quantum control systems. The analysis is carried out through examinations of uncertainties and errors, calculations of the control fidelity under influences of the certainties and errors, as well as discussions on the caused effects. Two examples, a closed control system and an open control system, are presented to illustrate the general formulism.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Compensation of Effective Field in the Field-Induced Superconductor k-(BETS)2FeBr4 Observed by 77Se NMR

We report results of 77Se NMR frequency shift in the normal state of the organic charge-transfer-salt k-(BETS)2FeBr4 which shows magnetic field-induced superconductivity (FISC). From a simple mean field analysis, we determined the field and the temperature dependences of the magnetization m_{pi} of the \pi conduction electrons on BETS molecules. We found that the Fe spins are antiferromagnetically coupled to the pi electrons and determined the exchange field to be J = -2.3T/mu_B. The exchange field from the fully saturated Fe moments (5 mu_B) is compensated by an external field of 12T. This is close to the central field of the FISC phase, consistent with the Jaccarino-Peter local field-compensation mechanism for FISC (Phys. Rev. Lett. 9, 290 (1962))

A Wedge-DCB Test Methodology to Characterise High Rate Mode-I Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Fibre Composites

A combined numerical-experimental methodology is presented to measure dynamic Mode-I fracture properties of fiber reinforced composites. A modified wedge-DCB test using a Split-Hopkinson Bar technique along with cohesive zone modelling is utilised for this purpose. Three different comparison metrics, namely, strain-displacement response, crack propagation history and crack opening history are employed in order to extract unique values for the cohesive fracture properties of the delaminating interface. More importantly, the complexity of dealing with the frictional effects between the wedge and the DCB specimen is effectively circumvented by utilising right acquisition techniques combined with an inverse numerical modelling procedure. The proposed methodology is applied to extract the high rate interlaminar fracture properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites and it is further shown that a high level of confidence in the calibrated data can be established by adopting the proposed methodology

Mesoscopic Kondo effect of a quantum dot embedded in an Aharonov-Bohm ring with intradot spin-flip scattering

We study the Kondo effect in a quantum dot embedded in a mesoscopic ring taking into account intradot spin-flip scattering $R$. Based on the finite-$U$ slave-boson mean-field approach, we find that the Kondo peak in the density of states is split into two peaks by this coherent spin-flip transition, which is responsible for some interesting features of the Kondo-assisted persistent current circulating the ring: (1) strong suppression and crossover to a sine function form with increasing $R$; (2) appearance of a "hump" in the $R$-dependent behavior for odd parity. $R$-induced reverse of the persistent current direction is also observed for odd parity.Comment: 7 pages,6 figures, to be published by Europhys. Let

Multiparticle Entanglement in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Model

The multiparticle entanglement in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model has been discussed extensively in this paper. Measured by the global entanglement and its generalization, our calculation shows that the multiparticle entanglement can faithfully detect quantum phase transitions. For an antiferromagnetic case the multiparticle entanglement reaches the maximum at the transition point, whereas for ferromagnetic coupling, two different behaviors of multiparticle entanglement can be identified, dependent on the anisotropic parameter in the coupling.Comment: 7 pages and 5 figure

targeted therapies in conversion therapy in mcrc a systematic review and meta analysis

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Atom-molecule conversion with particle losses

Based on the mean-field approximation and the phase space analysis, we study the dynamics of an atom-molecule conversion system subject to particle loss. Starting from the many-body dynamics described by a master equation, an effective nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation is introduced. The classical phase space is then specified and classified by fixed points. The boundary, which separate different dynamical regimes have been calculated and discussed. The effect of particle loss on the conversion efficiency and the self-trapping is explored.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Tick-borne encephalitis virus induces chemokine RANTES expression via activation of IRF-3 pathway.

BACKGROUND: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is one of the most important flaviviruses that targets the central nervous system (CNS) and causes encephalitides in humans. Although neuroinflammatory mechanisms may contribute to brain tissue destruction, the induction pathways and potential roles of specific chemokines in TBEV-mediated neurological disease are poorly understood. METHODS: BALB/c mice were intracerebrally injected with TBEV, followed by evaluation of chemokine and cytokine profiles using protein array analysis. The virus-infected mice were treated with the CC chemokine antagonist Met-RANTES or anti-RANTES mAb to determine the role of RANTES in affecting TBEV-induced neurological disease. The underlying signaling mechanisms were delineated using RANTES promoter luciferase reporter assay, siRNA-mediated knockdown, and pharmacological inhibitors in human brain-derived cell culture models. RESULTS: In a mouse model, pathological features including marked inflammatory cell infiltrates were observed in brain sections, which correlated with a robust up-regulation of RANTES within the brain but not in peripheral tissues and sera. Antagonizing RANTES within CNS extended the survival of mice and reduced accumulation of infiltrating cells in the brain after TBEV infection. Through in vitro studies, we show that virus infection up-regulated RANTES production at both mRNA and protein levels in human brain-derived cell lines and primary progenitor-derived astrocytes. Furthermore, IRF-3 pathway appeared to be essential for TBEV-induced RANTES production. Site mutation of an IRF-3-binding motif abrogated the RANTES promoter activity in virus-infected brain cells. Moreover, IRF-3 was activated upon TBEV infection as evidenced by phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF-3, while blockade of IRF-3 activation drastically reduced virus-induced RANTES expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings together provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying RANTES production induced by TBEV, highlighting its potential importance in the process of neuroinflammatory responses to TBEV infection