Perioperative care of a patient with stroke.

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.Strokes and TIAs, with their high cumulative mortality and morbidity rates, are occurring with increasing frequency in western population 14. As such, it is vital for clinicians to provide optimal medical management in the perioperative period for those patients with this common neurological problem. This review aims to highlight the importance of the perioperative period and the stages of pre-optimization that can be taken by the multi-disciplinary team to aid this 171819. The evidence suggests that there are significant physiological advantages to early invasive monitoring and high dependency care in these complex patients. These cohort of patients are at increased risk of development of respiratory, gastrointestinal, nutritional and electrolyte disturbances so a constant vigil should be exercised in early recognition and treatment

Molecular architecture of Streptococcus pneumoniae surface thioredoxin-fold lipoproteins crucial for extracellular oxidative stress resistance and maintenance of virulence.

19 pags, 8 figs, tabsThe respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae has evolved efficient mechanisms to resist oxidative stress conditions and to displace other bacteria in the nasopharynx. Here we character ize at physiological, functional and structural levels two novel surface-exposed thioredoxin-family lipoproteins, Etrx1 and Etrx2. The impact of both Etrx proteins and their r edox partner methionine sulfoxide reductase SpMsrAB2 on pneumococcal pathogenesis was assessed in mouse virulence studies and phagocytosis assays. The results demonstrate that loss of function of either both Etrx proteins or SpMsrAB2 dramatically attenuated pneumococcal virulence in the acute mouse pneumonia model and that Etrx proteins compensate each other. The deficiency of Etrx proteins or SpMsrAB2 further enhanced bacterial uptake by macrophages, and accelerated pneumococcal killing by H2O2 or free methionine sulfoxides (MetSO). Moreover, the absence of both Etrx redox pathways provokes an accumulation of oxidized SpMsrAB2 in vivo. Taken together our results reveal insights into the role of two extracellular electron pathways required for reduction of SpMsrAB2 and surface-exposed MetSO. Identification of this system and its target proteins paves the w ay for the design of novel a ntimicrobialsThe authors thank the PXIII beamline at SLS and the ESRF beamline ID14‐1 for access to synchrotron radiation. We are also grateful to Kristine Sievert‐Giermann, Nadine Gotzmann and Melanie Skibbe (Department of Genetics, University of Greifswald, Germany) for technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG HA3125/4‐2 (to S.H.), DFG AN746/3‐1 (to H.A.), BFU2011‐25326 and S2010/BMD‐2457 (to J.A.H.) and EU FP7 CAREPNEUMO Grant EU‐CP223111 from the European Union (to J.A.H. and S.H.

Homozygous variants in the HEXB and MBOAT7 genes underlie neurological diseases in consanguineous families

Neurological disorders are a common cause of morbidity and mortality within Pakistani populations. It is one of the most important challenges in healthcare, with significant life-long socio-economic burden.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on the Publisher URL to access the full-text

Trichodina johniusi sp. n. (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) from Johnius coitor (Hamilton, 1822) in the Shitalakshya River, Bangladesh

During a survey on species diversity of trichodinid ciliates from freshwater fishes in the Shitalakshya River of Gazipur district, Bangladesh, a new species of ciliate was identified and described using the silver nitrate impregnation method. The species is described from the gills of Johnius coitor in the Shitalakshya River of Gazipur district. Trichodina johniusi sp. n. may be characterised by having broad, rounded and slightly curved blades with shallow semilunar curve; relatively short, slim rays having parallel borders, but ill defined ray apophysis; ray tip never touches a well defined, undivided central circle, encircled by undulated perimeter, interspersed with black patches or granules; and the adoral cilia described a turn of approximately 400°. Based on these characters and the unique shape and absence of variability of the denticles among the silver impregnated specimens of the present species, it may be said that to a lesser extent, resembles T. domerguei

Trichodina johniusi sp. n. (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) from Johnius coitor (Hamilton, 1822) in the Shitalakshya River, Bangladesh

During a survey on species diversity of trichodinid ciliates from freshwater fishes in the Shitalakshya River of Gazipur district, Bangladesh, a new species of ciliate was identified and described using the silver nitrate impregnation method. The species is described from the gills of Johnius coitor in the Shitalakshya River of Gazipur district. Trichodina johniusi sp. n. may be characterised by having broad, rounded and slightly curved blades with shallow semilunar curve; relatively short, slim rays having parallel borders, but ill defined ray apophysis; ray tip never touches a well defined, undivided central circle, encircled by undulated perimeter, interspersed with black patches or granules; and the adoral cilia described a turn of approximately 400°. Based on these characters and the unique shape and absence of variability of the denticles among the silver impregnated specimens of the present species, it may be said that to a lesser extent, resembles T. domerguei

A review of information centric network-based internet of things: communication architectures, design issues, and research opportunities

In the perspective of Internet advancements for the future Internet, Information Centric Network (ICN) offers a communication model, which is different from the current IP-based paradigm. ICN is a name based communication architecture, where the retrieval of content is done using names rather than their locations. Besides, ICN provides other features such as caching, mobility, scalability, and robustness. Future Internet will have Internet of Things (IoT) devices that will provide very strict requirements. The integration of ICN with IoT opens a new set of design issues and opportunities for researchers. This paper sheds light on the ICN-based IoT design issues and explains some of the research opportunities in which ICN accommodates other Internet technologies, for example, Cloud, Software Defined Network (SDN), Edge, Fog, and 5G. Besides the IoT-ICN integration, IoT also requires suitable wireless communication standards. This paper also provides a description of several wireless communication standards and elaborates their main features. IoT designers will benefit from the provided description to make a decision for the selection of an appropriate standard. - 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Scopu